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Private sector in public health care systems
Matějusová, Lenka ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Běláčková, Vendula (referee)
This master thesis is trying to describe the situation of private sector in public health care systems. As a private sector we understand patients, private health insurance companies and private health care providers. The focus is placed on private health care providers, especially in ambulatory treatment. At first there is a definition of health as a main determinant of a health care systems, definition of public and private sectors in health care systems and the difficulties at the market of health care, including externalities, inperfect information and elasticity of supply and demand at this market. There is also the problem of financing health care as a mix of public and private payments, which is different in every health care system. The main focus is laid on the situation in the Czech republic. As a comparison there are described situations in Denmark, Germany, Great Britain and United States. The size of private sector in every health care system is different and it depends on different circumstances in particular state, including social-economic development, regulation of health care market from the state and the attitude of patients to private health care.
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Managing the Quality of Health in the Czech Republic
Křížek, Josef ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
A large number of attitudes and methods of dealing with health service, or, more precisely, health, occur in theory and practice. The aim is to examine the efficiency of the implementation of the current projects, i.e. efficient application of tools of managing the quality of health. Theoretical rationales characterize understanding of conception of the quality of health especially in the sphere of health service. Moreover, this part introduces selected tools of managing the quality of health. The analytical part is focused on the institutional environment in connection with current challanges of eHealth implementation. The Central Repository of electronic prescriptions as the tool of managing the quality of health and the basis for ePrescription is one of the mentined challenges. The final part concerns with future trends in the Central Repository of electronic prescriptions and international projects, e.g. epSOS project. The EU is established on the principle of benchmarking, among other things. Possible future advances need to be considered in the context of foreign projects. For this reason, the Danish eHealth situation is included in the conclusion.
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Imbalance in financing of bed care in the Czech Republic and its impacts
Štancová, Dana ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
This master thesis deals with the question of medical treatment financing focusing mainly on analysis of health insurance companies reimbursement rates and their comparison with costs of aftercare beds. Secondary goal of the thesis is comparison of acute care beds costs and aftercare beds costs. The opening chapter discusses relationships between economics and health service and describes structure of health care funding compared to insurace companies financing strategies. Payment mechanism mostly used in the aftercare field is the pay-per-day system, this mechanism is therefore later explained in detail including particular effects on after care beds financing. The second part of the thesis compares insurance reimbursement rates with real costs of one particular facility. The analysis proves that health insurance companies reimbursement rates are wrongly set and reimbursement legislation is being violated.
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Regulation of Advertising of Drugs - Education of Consumer
Rojko, Ivan ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Minárik, Pavol (referee)
The main objective of my diploma thesis was to explain the principles and basic terms of drug policy in the Czech Republic, and to illustrate all the issues of government regulations in this area. This paper is trying to confront two different kinds of health services. The first one based on liberal principles, without any government intervention (system in USA), and the second one demarcating with regulations and restrictions, devoid of any free market fundamentals (system in EU). It describes the relationship between patient and doctor, and points out the different number of information, they dispose of. This paper is trying to explain the problem of skewed distribution of information in society. It presents how the government regulations in the free market area destroy the source allocation efficiency and goes against the satisfaction of customers' needs.
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The Reform of Proprietary Relations in the Health Service System Focus on financing
Dlabačová, Helena ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Munzi, Tomáš (referee)
My diploma thesis deals with the public administration reform consisting in the change of the former district hospitals into regional hospitals, with the organisational and legal status of the hospitals, and with their transformation from contributory organisations into joint-stock companies. The aim of my diploma thesis is to analyze the administration, efficiency and capacities of the hospitals in the Central Bohemia region with the special focus on the Oblastní nemocnice Kladno, a.s. hospital, to carry out the financial analysis, and compare it with other hospitals in the Central Bohemia region. The analysis of the hospitals in the Central Bohemia region is based on the data provided by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of CR, and the analysis of the Oblastní nemocnice Kladno, a.s. hospital is based on the 2003 -- 2007 balance sheets and gain-and-loss accounts, restricted documents of the hospital and on the interviews with the general and commercial managers of the hospital. From the financial analysis of the Oblastní nemocnice Kladno, a.s. hospital and the comparison with the situation of other hospitals in the Central Bohemia region it is obvious that the hospital experiences a similar development as the trend in the Central Bohemia region and the whole EU suggests.The hospital is not trying to reduce costs at the expense of the health care offered to its patients. On the contrary, it is trying to improve the quality and scope of the health care provided, which should bring additional revenues. The hospital management is becoming more responsible, which results in a more transparent accounting and an obligatory audit.
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Equivalence in the health insurance
Bišof, Milan ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Munzi, Tomáš (referee)
This dissertation considers the issue of equivalence and the related matter of solidarity in the health insurance sector. The used methodology is an analysis on the basis of which the specific causes of the current state of the healthcare system are investigated. The initial chapters focus on the theoretical basis and insurance principles in general, and then health insurance in more detail. The individual systems (models) of healthcare, which are compared with the aim of finding the optimum method of financing the healthcare sector, are then described. The analytical section looks at the current state of healthcare in the Czech Republic and the main problems it faces: an ageing population and constantly rising healthcare costs, which are slowly becoming uncontrollable. Healthcare reform, which began on 1 January 2008 with the introduction of regulation fees, is also evaluated. A great deal of attention is paid to fees because the legality of their introduction is being settled by the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic. In conclusion, the author outlines a healthcare system that would be, in his opinion, more financially manageable, and just more equitable and fair.
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Mandatory expenditures development and reform of public finance
Svobodová, Eva ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Škop, Vladislav (referee)
The first part of this thesis is investigating the mandatory expenditures. Mandatory expenditures represent facultative expenditures of the state budget. During ten last years significant increase in mandatory expenditures has been seen not only in absolute numbers but also in relative numbers. The proportion of mandatory expenditures in state budget and GDP has increased. Room for other expenditures is diminishing which is threatening long-term stability of public finance. The Mandatory expenditures have become essential problem of public finance. I pay attention especially to social transfer payments. Next part of this thesis is aimed at social sphere of the public finance reform in which government took up activities last year. First of all the causes of reform are analyzed. Besides mandatory expenditures there is great importance of demographic processes and state deficit too. Thesis describes particular changes in social policy and their impact on state budget.
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Public insurance funds in the Czech Republic
Stanková, Vendula ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Ždímal, Martin (referee)
The objective of this diploma thesis is to describe public insurance funds of social security and to analyse their indicators and factors which influence these funds most. The social insurance system is significant revenue and expenditure channel of the national budget in the Czech Republic. Social and private insurance are two basic types of insurance. Social solidarity is essential principle of social insurance and principle of equivalence is typical of private insurance. This diploma thesis deals with systems of pension insurance, sickness insurance and health insurance. Existing setting of these systems will probably be inconvenient in the future. That is why they are subject of political discussion nowadays. Unfavourable demographic trend is the most major problem of pension insurance system. Effectiveness of sickness insurance is reduced by abuse of sick benefits. Increasing health care expenditures and excess of demand for health care are difficult questions for solving and setting of health insurance. Changes that are being made in social insurance systems today and also their impact on economy are described in conclusion.
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Hospital Transformation in the Central Bohemia
Zemanová, Martina ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Nováček, Jan (referee)
Tématem mé diplomové práce je transformace nemocnic ve Středočeském kraji a analýza hospodaření a úrovně zdravotní péče v Oblastní nemocnici Mladá Boleslav, a.s. v letech 2000-2006. Reforma zdravotnictví v České republice, probíhající privatizace nemocnic, platby klientů u lékařů a v nemocnicích, kvalita a dostupnost zdravotní péče jsou v současnosti nejvíce diskutovanými otázkami mezi občany, odborníky i politiky. Středočeský kraj (dále SČK) převzal k 1.1.2003 všechna zdravotnická zařízení kraje z vlastnictví státu do své péče a jako první ze všech krajů přikročil k jejich privatizaci na akciové společnosti. S tím vznikly problémy a otázky týkající se hlavně jejich právní formy, provádění výběrových řízení na prodávaná zdravotnická zařízení, smluv s novými vlastníky (délka povinného zachování zdravotní péče), kvality a dostupnosti zdravotní péče, technického a personálního vybavení a dalších otázek, které dosud nejsou veřejnosti dostatečně vysvětleny. Oblastní nemocnici Mladá Boleslav,a.s. zřídil SČK jako 1 z 5, která tvoří páteř základní a specializované péče v kraji. Její spádovou oblast tvoří téměř 130 tis. obyvatel.V této hlavní časti mé práce se chci zabývat analýzou hospodaření nemocnice v letech 2000-2006 (pro objektivní hodnocení 3 let ve vlastnictví státu a 4 let ve vlastnictví kraje), kvalitou a úrovní poskytované zdravotní péče. Chci se zaměřit především na celkové hospodářské výsledky, ekonomickou nákladovost a jejich vývoj v hodnoceném období, výkonnové ukazatele, investice a výběrová řízení. Výstupem práce by mělo být zodpovězení výše uvedených problémů, zhodnocení hospodářských výsledků a úrovně zdravotní péče před a po transformaci nemocnic SČK. Hospodářská, ekonomická, organizační a jiná doporučení k dalšímu zlepšení činnosti Oblastní nemocnice Mladá Boleslav, a.s..
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The legal hospital health care regulation in the Czech Republic
Hrudíková, Jana ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on the legal hospital health care regulation in the Czech Republic. The main efford is to provide a sufficient review of the up-to-date situation in this field. It examines hospitals by a theoretical standpoint and also its key problems concerning actual situation of the czech health care and lack of finance as the main significance. The top part of thesis focuses on actual legal hospital health care regulation and proposes ways of improvement. Following part assesses proposals of improvement of the hospital care quality. Final chapter presents possible ways of optimal solutions of hospital care as well as health care at all.
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