National Repository of Grey Literature 22 records found  previous11 - 20next  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Evaluation of smoking prevalence in patients with Schizophrenia and Depression and the use of ambulance for treatment of tobacco addiction in Bohnice psychiatric hospital.
Havlíková, Petra ; Štěpánková, Lenka (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
Background: The link between psychiatric disorders and smoking is a topic that has only begun the past few years ago. Many studies have shown a high prevalence of smokers among patients with psychiatric disorders which is roughly two or three times higher than in the general population. Despite this phenomenon, the smoking of patients with this diagnosis in the Czech Republic, especially in institutional care, is rather overlooked and often even encouraged. So far, there has been no uniform approach by staff to introduce the necessary, systematic programs, interventions, and smoking cessation training. Staff in these institutions often rely on the belief that these patients are not interested in professional help. Objective: The main objective of the research was to determine the prevalence of smoking in Bohnice Psychiatric Hospital in patients with schizophrenia and depression. The partial objective was to find out whether, and what intervention is provided by staff and what is the interest of patients in quitting smoking. Another aim of the work was to find access of healthcare professionals and patients to smoking cessation intervention in the hospital and then to check the current use of smoking cessation help at Bohnice Psychiatric Hospital. Methodology: A questionnaire survey was conducted...
Tobacco and cannabis use in clients of low-threshold facilities for adolescents in Prague
Nikodymová, Tereza ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
Background: Low-threshold facilities for children and youth are a social prevention service that focuses on the children and adolescents. Research shows that clients of low- threshold facilities are often individuals who tend to be at a higher risk. It can be assumed that the prevalence of drug use will be higher for clients of these facilities than in the general school population. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the use of tobacco and cannabis in children and adolescents in some low-threshold facilities in Prague. The study should investigate whether clients of these facilities tend to be more likely to use named addictive substances than children and adolescents from the general population. The data were compared with the ESPAD 2015 study. Methods: A quantitative method of research was used. The questionnaire was inspired by the ESPAD 2015 study questionnaire. Only questions relevant to the research, that were modified by pre-research, were used. The data was then processed by descriptive analysis in Microsoft Excel and converted to tables and graphs. Results: The analysis showed that the lifetime prevalence of tobacco use was 77,3 %, the prevalence of daily tobacco use was 47,4 %. The lifetime prevalence of cannabis use was 52,6 %, prevalence of daily cannabis use was 4,1...
Prevalence and patterns of alcohol use and efficacy of personalised feedback - community intervention study
Liška, Jiří ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
Risk drinking in all directions is confirmed by a set of solid scientific evidence. It has an impact on both the health of the individual and his social life and the people around him. Most of the effects are evident in people who drink often high doses of alcohol. An important factor is thus both the frequency and amount of alcohol consumed, which together form the pattern of alcohol use, which geographically and culturally different. Alcohol use is trying to regulate government through alcohol treatment measures, such as increasing the price of alcohol, strict rules regarding driving under the influence. The aim of this study was to explore the status and patterns of alcohol use on the territory of a small village Jindřichovice the Region, and to determine the short-term effects of a single dose of personal feedback ties on risk alcohol consumption on people living there. Studies show that personal feedback associated with short interventions are effective means for reducing alcohol use. Intervention was conducted controlled field study in a group of 111 people (63 men, 48 women) aged 20-76 years (mean 46 years), which were detected using a questionnaire quantities consumed each day in the previous week. Respondents were before the first polling randomly divided into 2 groups according to the...
Substance use and gambling among children in juvenile detention (diagnostic) centres in the Czech Republic
Kovaříková, Veronika ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (advisor) ; Mravčík, Viktor (referee)
Background: Various studies describe the emergence of addiction as a negative interplay of bio- psycho- social factors. It was found that children and adolescents who get into diagnos- tic institutions are exposed to multiple factors that increase the likelihood of developing problematic behaviours, substance abuse and gambling than the general population. It is thus likely that in the future they will be more vulnerable to addiction than the general population. Objectives: Main goals of this research were to provide an overview of the situation of sub- stance abuse among children and adolescents in diagnostic institutes in the Czech Republic and to compare selected data with results of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs of 2011 (ESPAD). Another objective was to find the specifics of drug abuse and gambling in clients of diagnostic centres in different parts of the Czech Republic. Methods: Data for this study were collected by the interviewer using a questionnaire, which was inspired by the questionnaire from the ESPAD survey and was also extended to include issues related to gambling. Data were processed by descriptive analysis in MS Excel. Results: The results show that boys use addictive substances and play betting games more often than girls. Daily smoking was...
The purity of illicit drugs (methamphetamine, heroin and cocaine) in Czech Republic
Limpouchová, Markéta ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (referee) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
This thesis deals with the purity of the illegal drugs methamphetamine, cocaine and heroin, and its implications in a broader context. The thesis is divided into two parts - the theoretical and the practical one. The theoretical part provides background information about the abovementioned illegal drugs. In addition to basic information about these illegal drugs the thesis contains information about the distribution and seizures of illicit drugs in the Czech Republic and is engaged in the field of international illicit drug market in terms of the wholesale level. Furthermore the work deals with the purity of illegal drugs itself and the substances which are illegal drugs (methamphetamine, heroin, cocaine) cut by (substances that are added to illegal drugs with different motivations, mainly economic ones). Other part of the thesis is a balance sheet by Broséus, J. Gentile, N., Esseiva, P. (2015) over the usefulness and utilization of the system for collecting data on drug markets at national and international level. The last topic of this section are methods of analysis of the illicit drugs. The practical part focuses on three areas. The first aim of this study is a secondary analysis of seizures and the purity of the most frequently used adulterated illegal drugs the Czech Republic in...
Well-being and tobacco and alcohol use in the Czech general population
Oščipovská, Barbora ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
Since positive psychology was founded the interest is moving from pathology to the impact of positive effects on humans. The concept of well-being starts to be further discussed and become an important part of drug policies. This document discusses the relationship between the rate of alcohol and tobacco use and well-being among Czech general population. This is an online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study. To determine the rate of tobacco use the scale HSI (Heaviness of Smoking Index) was used, for information about the extent of alcohol use was chosen the questionnaire AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) and for measurement of well-being was selected a questionnaire, which was standardized for Czech population: SQUALA (Subjective Quality of Life Analysis). Data were processed using the statistical program IBM SPSS 21, using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation. The results show that the rate of tobacco use is linked to wellbeing. The hypothesis whether the rate of alcohol is related to wellbeing was not clearly confirmed, even if the results suggest the relationship in terms of a lower quality of life with increasing alcohol consumption. Key words: well-being, alcohol, tobacco, czech general population, Heaviness of Smoking Index, AUDIT, SQUALA
Nurses attitudes towards alcohol users and persons addicted to alcohol
Dospivová, Hana ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
The Bachelor Work named The Attitudes of the Registered Nurses to the Alcohol Addict Clients focuses in its theoretical part on the important role of the registered nurse in the care of patient, it outlines the public and medical significance of the problem in the society, it provides information on stigmatization mental ill people, defines the psychological terms such as attitudes and acceptance and gives overview of available data on attitudes of nurses to the alcohol addict clients. The practical part of the Bachelor Work gives the overview on the attitudes among the registered nurses who work with alcohol addict clients. Design of the study is cross-sectional questionnaire survey. The study compares attitudes of the somatic and psychiatric branches staff. The sample consisted of 92 nurses, 49 of them worked at three types of inpatient departments in hospital (internal department, intensive care unit and anesthesiology and resuscitation department) and 43 of them worked at the psychiatric clinic. Hypothesis, that moral attitude towards alcohol addicts is more prevalent than professional morally neutral attitude, has been confirmed. Attitudes of the hospital nurses were similar to those of the psychiatric clinic nurses. Based on the results, an introduction of an educational course on addiction...
Gynecological care and reproductive health in female drug users
Englcová, Barbora ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
Backrounds: Usage of addictive substances is a factor which affects the reproductive health of the female users, it affects their risky sexual behavior and fetus healthy development during pregnancy of drug using mothers. Pregnancy also represents a moment in their lifes which affects certain bio-psycho-social aspects forming the beginning of usage of substance abuse. Objectives: The aim of the research was to map a degree and paterns among problem female drug users and changes throughout pregnancy, map the risks of their sexual behavior and quality of their reproductive health, try to find out the availability of gynacology care for female drug users, the amount of care available before, through and after pregnancy. It also includes specific needs and factors affecting reproductive health. Methods and research group: A questionnaire survey of 25 problem female users based on consultations with them, all of them giving birth at least once, was carried out. The study took place at K-center Sananim, using a Field program Progressive, o.s. and around this facility and the place of field program using the "snow ball method". The questionnaire included 164 items in the following parts "Sociodemographic data", "Drug Use", "Risky sexual behavior and reproductive health", "Gynecologic care and barriers to...

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