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Illegitimate children of Emperor Charles V in his family policy
Danielová, Věra ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
Illegitimate children were often used as a means for improving the status of aristocratic family. Daughters were conveniently married and sons were placed into high positions of ecclesiastic or military hierarchy. Bastards of Charles V. however achieved a special status, which was not usual for this period. Most of illegitimate children were kept in seclusion, aside from international policy. Margaret of Parma and Juan de Austria got adequate education for their origin and were soon involved in Habsburg policy, in order to fulfill their obligation to Casa de Austria. In spite of their illegitimate origin, both have significantly made history and raised prestige of their family. Keywords: Charles V., illegitimate children, Margaret of Parma, Juan de Austria, dynastic policy, Governor of the Netherlands.
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North-Italian communities in the House of Hohenstaufen's Era: Venezia a Milano
Reseková, Simona ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
This thesis explores the institutional changes in the Northern Italian area during Frederick I Barbarossa's era, specifically focusing on the changes in Milan and Venice. It describes the evolution of establishment of both of these cities, starting from the Early Medieval period up to the rise of the Communes during the 11th century. The core of the thesis aims to be the very Communal establishment - more precisely, the changes in the institutions raised during the reign of Frederick I. Barbarossa and the possible impact of the Lombard wars between the Emperor and the Lombard League.
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England on the Eve of the Hundred Years' War
Novota, Pavel ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
What exactly was the so-called Hundred Years' War? Was this conflict inevitable? How did the English monarchy found itself in the conflict? In what situation was England on the eve of the Hundred Years' War? What were the results of long and complicated relationships between England and other monarchies or counties? This thesis, divided into three main chapters, will try to answer these questions. The first part will deal with the relationship between the English and French king on the eve of the war. The next chapter will analyze the development of relationships between England and other medieval monarchies or counties. The last part will attempt to decide if another (and this time long) conflict between England and France could have been expected.
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The Influence of Masters of the University of Paris on Shaping the Conciliar Theory in Years 1418-1424
Šárovcová, Klára ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis primarily focuses on the conciliar theory as conceived by Parisian masters from 1418 to 1424. First, the thesis aims to clarify the basic development of this theory from the 12th to the 14th century and to present political events in this period that influenced formation of this theory. Furthermore, the thesis closely examines the concept of conciliarism at the Council of Pisa and the Council of Constance related particularly to the Parisian masters. It emphasizes their contribution to formulation of the basic decrees at the Council of Constance. The main objective of the thesis is to introduce the teachings of the most prominent representatives of the Parisian conciliarism in this period, namely Pierre d'Ailly, Jean Gerson and John of Dubrovnik. Based on a few chosen works, the thesis examines the masters' contribution to this theory. Primarily, the thesis intends to explain basic theological theses of these masters that rest on their idea of the relations between the pope and general council. It also mentions how the masters influenced the situation in France. Next, the thesis describes in more detail the Council of Pavia-Siena that aimed to clarify the position of conciliarists at this council, especially in relation to the French conciliar nation.
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The position of an ordeal within the system of medieval justice and the reasons for its use
Brázdová, Lucie ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
The main theme of this bachelor's work is the variety of potential explanations for the existence of ordeals (also known as a Judicium Dei) within the medieval justice system. First two chapters are dedicated to the definition of an ordeal as well as a short introduction into the historical context of an ordeal with an emphasis on Europe. The next part analyses various legal sources from the areas of Bohemia, England and Ireland and compares them. It shows both differences in kinds of ordeal which had been used and circumstances within which it can be found in legal texts. The last part demonstrates possible reasons behind the use of ordeals and tries to look at them from the point of view of a relation between them and an oath as another kind of medieval proof.
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Elias of Cortona: the Vicar of Saint Francis of Assisi and the Minister General of the Friars Minor
Hlaváč, Stanislav ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
The bachelor thesis presents a biographical profile of the second Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor Elias of Cortona. In chronological order it recounts his life since joining the Franciscan Brotherhood to his death in 1253. The main emphasis is laid on the reflection of his tenure as a high official of the Order on the background of the overall development of the Franciscan movement in the first decades of the 13th century. A special chapter is a review of Elias' role in the construction of the basilica in Assisi and a description of his involvement in imperial service, which led to his excommunication. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide a comprehensive biographical profile and through comparison and criticism of various sources, gain such a depiction of Elias' life, that would be as close as possible to historical facts. For the elaboration of the topic both sources of external provenance and of franciscan provenance were used. Where possible, the selection of the sources is focused on the chronological proximity of the origin of the individual testimony to the described events.
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The Idea of the State and Imperial Rule in the Byzantine and Western Empire in the 9th to 11th Centuries
Brandejs, Jan ; Picková, Dana (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
The present thesis aims to conclude an analysis of political and administative structures in Byzantium and Western Empire from the end of the 9th until half of the 11th century. This was achieved by means of comparison. The author attempted resolve the issue of mutual relationship between the political elite and the ruler and how differences both in the Byzantine and Western Empires influenced the social system. The research included analysis of ruler legitimity, organisation of administration, social mentality and abstract ideas of the state. In the conclusion of this work, the author presented the major differences between West and Byzantium and evaluated future development of both states in regard to internal stability and integration fo political elites. Keywords: Byzantine Empire, East Francia, Roman Empire, Idea of the State
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Stigmata and stigmatized persons in the Middle Age
Janatová, Nikola ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
(in English): The diploma thesis examines phenomenon of stigmas and stigmatised persons in the Middle Ages. This diploma thesis contains of three parts. The goal of first part is description of Crucifixion symbolism from beginning of Christianity up to first stigmas about Francis of Assisi from 1224. Main part presents its own phenomenon of stigmas: their definition, base and reception in religious and expert field. Final part focuses on significant middle-aged holders of stigmas and analysis of their hagiography. Klíčová slova (anglicky): Stigmas, Jesus Christ, cross, crucifixion, bloody sweat, bloody tears, thorn crown, mysticism, self-identification.
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Latin West mirrored by the Byzantine historiography (6th-8th centuries)
Bakyta, Ján ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Picková, Dana (referee) ; Bednaříková, Jarmila (referee)
The basic aim of the thesis is to investigate whether the Romans of the East (Byzantines) during the 6th to the 8th centuries were interested in the Latin west and the imperial rule over it. In the first part of the work, the various discourses concerning the origins of the Justinianic conquest or reconquest of Africa and Italy articulated in the contemporary sources are identified and evaluated; the only one which cannot be shown or supposed to have been officially articulated is the discourse of a source of Pseudo-Zachariah Scholasticus which makes African and maybe also Italian exulants complaining in the imperial court about the local rulers responsible for the Vandal and Gothic wars. After some other preliminary studies (e.g. concerning the so-called problem of Theodericʼs constitutional position), it is concluded that the emperor Justinian was not interested in an ideologically founded restoration of the empire, but made the western wars because of his contacts with western aristocrats. In the second part of the thesis, the presentation of the Justinianic western wars and western events or realities in the works of the Byzantine historians from Marcellinus Comes and Procopius to Theophylactus Simocatta (the 6th to the early 7th centuries) is investigated and an attempt is made to explore...
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First Crusade from the Perspective of the East
Petr, Štěpán ; Picková, Dana (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
The present thesis deals with the image of the First Crusade and its participants portrayed by sources of eastern origin. It focuses mainly on Alexias and the personality and motivation of its author Anna Komnene. It studies her point of view in the context of situation of Byzantine Empire and general relations between the west and the east in the beginning of the era of Crusades.
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