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An art therapy constituent of complex inpatient program treating substance-related and addictive disorders: Mapping the current situation in the Czech Republic
Blochová, Markéta ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Štefančíková, Mariana (referee)
Background: For several decades already, art therapeutic interventions have been part of complex therapeutic programs in institutional treatment of addictive disorders, both domestic and foreign. The concept of the art therapy oscillates between artistic symbolic expression, the art of therapy and clinical practice, where new approaches are being developed on the basis of target groups or therapeutic starting points. Aims: To map the implementation and concept of the art therapeutic component of the program in institutional treatment of addictions. Other sub-objectives are also addressed. Methods: In this qualitative study, preparation and process evaluations focused on therapeutic activity are applied. The sample was selected by self-selection and purposive sampling and contains nine workers from five institutions focused on treatment of addictions. Available documents related to the practice of art therapy and semi-structured interviews with art therapists and their collaborators were used to obtain the data. Text data from documents and transcripts of interviews was processed using the content analysis method with emphasis on ethical aspects especially in the field of data anonymization. Results: The art therapy program usually takes place once a week obligatorily, art therapists are mainly...
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The relation between the menstrual cycle and craving for addictive substances among the female clients of residential treatment.
Bártková, Anna ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
There are sex differences in the emergence of addiction and drug use. One of the causes of the differences is the effect of female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone. Their levels in the body can affect both the subjective effects of drugs, as well as craving and the risk of relapse during the addiction treatment process and abstinence. The aim of this work is to examine the influence of the menstrual cycle on craving for addictive substances and to try to map in what period of the menstrual cycle craving occurs most often for women. As a research qualitative design was used, semi-structured interviews with women in residential treatment of addiction (therapeutic community and psychiatric hospital) were used as a method. The research sample consisted of 13 respondents. Two semi-structured interviews were conducted two months apart. Data were analyzed using the tuft creation method. The results point at the existence of a relationship between menstrual cycle and substance craving. Even though the respondents' answers are ambivalent, the most common triggers of craving are unpleasant emotions that occur more frequently in the period before menstruation begins. However, less than half of the respondents report a direct link between craving and the period before menstruation. The findings are in...
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Women drug users, their needs and barriers acces to treatment: Study of public opinion
Ježková, Lenka ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
The main topic of this bachelor thesis are women - users of addictive substances. The theoretical part explains why women are a specific focus groups. The starting point is the theoretical knowledge about this specific group and this thesis summarises it. It describes their needs and barriers to treatment and during treatment. It is based, amongst other things, on foreign resources, annual report of United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and the annual report of the drug situation in the Czech Republic. The practical part examines views of the general public on this issue. The questionnaire answers research questions concerning general opinion, the needs of drug users and possible barriers to entry the treatment, as well as stigmatisation. The purpose of the work is to summarise the situation of women users as far as their needs, barriers and stigmatisation and also to determine public opinion. According to different studies, more men than women enter into a treatment program, that is the problem defined. The partial target of this work is to highlight any potential barriers that can hinder access to treatment. By publishing the work, the subject will be extended to the consciousness of the Czech society, both general and professional. It is believed that as far as the subject will be discussed...
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Satisfaction of Clients of Outpatient Addictological Services in Couple Relationship from the Point of View of the Attachment Theory.
Čadová, Tereza ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Petra (referee)
Backgrounds: Establishing and maintaining a satisfactory and fulfilling partnering relationship after the end of addictology treatment is often a goal that people cite as one of the goals in their next addictive life. Being able to establish, maintain and develop a good partnership is a confirmation of their newly acquired competences and their new role in society. People who have an affiliate relationship from an earlier time when they have used addictive substances now have to face the problems that their dependency .has caused in their relationship. Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to analyze the style of emotional attachment (EA) of individual clients of aftercare programs in their current partnership as a possible source of support or burden that significantly affects their lives and how they solve their problems and describe their satisfaction in these relationships. Study sample: The study sample consisted of 39 respondents who were clients of certified after-treatment addictology services based in the capital city of Prague at the time of the research. The research sample consisted of 19 women and 20 men aged between 19 and 47 years. Methods: The resulting data was obtained using a questionnaire battery of questionnaires: a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, a...
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Relationship between Attachment and Aspects of Mental Health of Adolescent Girls in Institutional Educational Care
Doležalová, Pavla ; Vojtová, Věra (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee) ; Čech, Tomáš (referee)
The topic of interconnection between attachment and selected aspects of mental health has not been sufficiently covered yet, both on the theoretical and research level. The following dissertation contributes to bridging this gap by examining the attachment prevalence among adolescent girls in institutional educational care in Czech Republic and analyzing the attachment types of these girls to their close people, especially parents, and relationship with certain factors of their mental health. The aim of this dissertation is to map and analyze connection between attachment and selected factors of mental health of the monitored girls and to suggest a schematic model of the risk indicators of mental health. The dissertation consists of theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part analyzes and summarizes the knowledge related to attachment and selected aspects of mental health, especially to trauma and dissociation states, suicidal behaviour, substance use, or resilience. The empirical part identifies the attachment type of monitored girls with the help of ECR-RS - research tool and analyzes the connections with the risk phenomena of mental health with the help of other tools. Based on the acquired data reflected in the discussion part of the dissertation, the author suggests a schematic model...
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Personality characteristics of risk behavior in relation to attachment types and phenomenon of use of tobacco in adolescent girls in the institutional treatment institutes in the Czech Republic
Dolejšová, Aneta ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Backrounds: The period of adolescence is characterized by the search for own identity, part of which can be experimenting with addictive substance or other forms of risk behavior may occur. The occurrence of risk behavior can also be affected by a stereotypical place during staying in institutional care. In institutional care there is further emotional mistress due to lack of interaction with primary person and lack of satisfaction of the emotional needs of a person. Objectives: The aim of my thesis is to describe the attachment types and personality characteristics showing the positive relation in connection with the risk behavior and to map correlation between these two phenomena. Another aim is to map the phenomenon of use of tobacco and to describe it in connection with the attachment types. Study sample: The study sample was consisted by 78 girls from the institutional treatment institutes in the Czech Republic in the age range of 13-18 years old. Methods: The data was gained through the questionnaires: questionnaire of demographic facts and situation of using the addictive substances in adolescent (Meyers, K. & al., 1995), questionnaire of the relation structure ECR-RS (Fraley & al., 2011) and questionnaire SURPS of the personality characteristics introducing the risk of use of the addictive...
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Comorbidity of Alcohol Abuse and Eating Disorders: Prevalence of Eating Disorders among Women Hospitalized for Alcohol Abuse
Rolová, Gabriela ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Doležalová, Pavla (referee)
Introduction: Results of previous studies have shown a significant association be- tween alcohol abuse and eating disorders which often co-occur as a comorbidity. The co-occurrence of these diseases brings significant medical, social, and psychological complications and predicts a worse course of both disease and outcomes. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to verify the association between the alcohol abuse and eating disorders by detecting the prevalence of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder in women who are receiving the treatment for alcohol abuse. Methods: The survey includes 51 women hospitalized for alcohol abuse in PN Bohnice. The data were obtained during the questionnaire survey using the Munich Eating Disorder Questionnaire (Munich ED-Quest) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi- cation Test (AUDIT), supplemented by socio-demographic questions. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS. Results: In total, 25.5% of respondents suffer from eating disorders at some point. Currently, 9.8% of women with an average age of 38.6 years with a median of 40 years suffer from eating disorder. In the past, 23,5% of respondents were affected by eating disorders. For the current period, 1.96% of women have met the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa and...
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Integrated Treatment for Co-occuring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorder: Review of International Experiences
Kamenová, Sabina ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Introduction: There is a frequent incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with substance use disorder (SUD) and there is also a frequent occurrence of substance use in people with PTSD. Many foreign authors highlight the complications that occur in individuals with this dual diagnosis: higher risk of drop-out from treatment, a higher number of suicide attempts, more serious consequences of substance use, more frequent relapses of both of two diagnoses, etc. The negative impact of this comorbidity on treatment outcomes, highlights the need to focus on improving procedures in the diagnosis of PTSD in people treating from SUD and a need of integrated treatment of both disorders. Many studies also suggest that improving the condition of PTSD increases the likelihood of improvement in substance use. In the Czech Republic, there is a lack of sources that focus on the relationship of these comorbidities and their treatment. Examples of a good practice are also missing. Aims: The aim of this thesis is to introduce the issue of dual diagnosis - PTSD and SUD. The intention of the theoretical part is to present the relationship of these two disorders, with a focus on possible etiology and treatment options. The aim of the practical part is to introduce specific models of integrated...
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Biomarkers in children with periodic fever syndromes
Król, Petra ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Šedivá, Anna (referee) ; Krbková, Lenka (referee)
- 4 - Abstract Introduction: Periodic fever syndromes are clinical entities classified as autoinflammatory diseases. The most of the periodic fever syndromes have genetic predisposition (monogenic periodic fever syndromes). PFAPA (Periodic Fever, Aphtous stomatitis, Pharyngitis a Adenitis) syndrome is an idiopathic disease with unknown aetiology. Results: In our study, we described the largest clinical series of patients with PFAPA syndrome from a single center. The laboratory results have confirmed uncomplicated course of PFAPA syndrome. In our measurements we observed significantly higher levels of serum cytokines (IL-1β and IFN-γ) during episodes of fever in PFAPA patients compared to the control group. Our measurements showed increased numbers of plasma cells in the peripheral blood of PFAPA patients. We have found increased levels of naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells and approximately 2-fold higher proportion of CD8 T cells in tonsils of PFAPA patients. Significant differences were also present at levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in stimulated supernatants compared to supernatants from unstimulated peripheral blood from patients with PFAPA syndrome. Measurements of bacterial profile showed individual microbial profile in patients. Conclusion: Removal of the tonsillar tissue with the potential...
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