National Repository of Grey Literature 296 records found  beginprevious180 - 189nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Properties and Influencing of Skin by Rejuvenation Methods. 1. Skin Lipids, Friction and Texture
Kobrlová, Petra ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Vachek, Josef (referee)
The work summarizes information about the basic functions of the skin, its structure, aging and rejuvenation cosmetological methods. An overview of findings from the instrumental treatment of the skin using Intensive Pulse Light (IPL) and fractional CO2 laser and a short survey of objectification cosmetic effects using instruments for sebumetry, frictometry and visiometric texture determination. The experiment is focused on the evaluation of effects of cosmetics creams Liftaktiv CxP Vichy and Vichy Neovadiol Gf, and the use of IPL and fractional CO2 laser rejuvenation methods in relation to selected physical properties of the skin, specifically the content of skin lipids, skin friction and skin texture. 9 women of three age categories were chosen for the experiment. Visia Imaging System (Canfield Imaging System) and CK Electronic Analyser (Courage-Khazaka) were used for evaluation of qualitative changes of the skin. Results were obtained through sensory tests with expert control and instrumental measurements with expert evaluation (Colipa 2008) of the observed data in context with other information about clients. A qualified assessment of impact of the random and systematic effects was given. An illustrative statistical evaluation of skin friction as the one selected variables helped to formulate...
Role of a SNARE protein in the biogenesis of Giardia intestinalis mitosomes.
Voleman, Luboš ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Nohýnková, Eva (referee)
SNARE proteins play essential role in most membrane fusions taking place in eukaryotic cell. They are responsible for all fusions that occur across endocytic and secretory pathways. Apart from these processes stand mitochondria and plastids. Fusion of these organelles is directed by specific protein machineries. In this work we review up-to-date information on SNARE mediated membrane fusion and fusion of outer and inner mitochondrial membranes with an emphasis on situation in flagellated protozoan parasite Giradia intestinalis. It was suggested that one of typical SNARE protein in Giardia (GiSec20) is localised to its highly reduced mitochondria called mitosomes. This protein is also essential for surviving of Giardia trophozoites. In this work we show that mitosomal localization of Gisec20 is caused by episomal expression however the protein is localised to endoplasmic reticulum under physiological conditions. Using GFP tag we were able to characterize its targeting signal which showed to be localised in transmembrane domain of GiSec20. This signal targets the protein to mitosomes of G. intestinalis and S. cerevisiae, respectively. Mitosomal localization was prevented by adding 3'UTR to gene sequence and its episomal expression. This suggests existence of targeting mechanism based on information...
DSC of Lipidic Excipients
Gillová, Martina ; Musilová, Marie (advisor) ; Doležal, Pavel (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Candidate Mgr. Martina Gillová Consultant RNDr. Marie Musilová, CSc. Title of Thesis DSC of lipidic excipients In this work was evaluated the interaction of the lipidic components with water by using DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). In the first part of this work, we used samples which contained a phospholipid (DMPE). The samples which we used in the second part of the work, contained cutaneous lipids presented by pseudoceramides (14S24 and H6524) and cholesterol. Our attention was especially payed to the vindication of the existence of different structure organizations of hydrated lipidic components. By the samples which contained the phospholipid DMPE, we registered the most of the phase transitions presented in the literature on our calorimeter by using slightly modificated conditions. In similar conditions of the measurement we registered only the crystallization peak from the different phase transitions by the commercially produced pseudoceramide H6524. By the synthetic pseudoceramide 14S24 by used conditions of the measurement we didn't prove any phase transitions.
Cell cycle and differentiation in Giardia Intestinalis
Jiráková, Klára ; Nohýnková, Eva (advisor) ; Doležal, Pavel (referee) ; Müller, Norbert (referee)
Giardia is a unicellular parasitic organism; it is a worldwide cause of human diarrhea. It has minimalistic genome equipment and simplified molecular and metabolic pathways. In this respect, it is a suitable model organism for studying cell cycle regulation and to define the minimal genetic and protein equipment required for the functional reproduction of the eukaryotic cell. Its life cycle comprises of two stages; a pathogenic trophozoite and an infective cyst, which can survive in outer environment. New knowledge about encystation can be therapeutically important because this process is a target for vaccine and drug development. Since cell cycle analysis requires a synchronized population, we studied the effect of the synchronization drug aphidicolin on individual cell characteristics during the cell cycle of Giardia trophozoites. Our results showed that aphidicolin caused inhibition of DNA synthesis and trophozoites were aligned according to their DNA content in G1/S border. Subsequent inhibition of entry into mitosis and cytokinesis indicates, that Giardia has functioning DNA damage checkpoint. Extensive treatment with aphidicolin causes side effects. We detected positive signals for phosphorylated histone H2A which, in mammalian cells, is involved in a signaling pathway triggered as a reaction...
Permeation of nanoparticles across sublingual membrane 1
Spurná, Martina ; Berka, Pavel (advisor) ; Doležal, Pavel (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of pharmaceutical technology Author: Spurná Martina Supervisor: Mgr. Pavel Berka Title of Diploma Thesis: Permeation of nanoparticles across sublingual membrane 1 Theoretical part discusses matters of drug absorption through mucosa of oral cavity. Oral cavity was described from both anatomical and physiological aspects and effects of their own properties on drug absorption. Further it deals with nanotechnology as a possibility for drug administration. It characterises nanoparticles, their properties and advantages/disadvantages in drug administration via nanoparticles. Closure of this part belongs to characterization of methods used in experimental part. In experimental part the results of permeation experiments conducted on porcine sublingual membrane in vitro are evaluated. In these permeation experiments the penetration of Chromeon 470 marked nanoparticles through variously treated sublingual membrane (1 cm2 ) was observed. Either fresh membranes or membranes frozen for 1 hour were used, in both cases preserved by sodium azide. Permeability experiments were preceded by nanoparticle size characterization using DLS (dynamic light scattering) and with observation of nanoparticles using fluorescent microscopy. Better...
Nanofibre membranes as drug carriers 8.
Matyášová, Marie ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Berka, Pavel (referee)
Thesis in the theoretical part provides a summary of basic information about the formation and properties of nanofibers and nanofibre membranes, briefly acquainted with natural and synthetic polymers suitable for the formation of nanofibers and gives an overview of the properties of the two drugs suitable for processing into nanofibers. In the colntrolling permeating pre-experiment aimed to evaluation of the wholeness of extracted sublingual membranes and using caffein as a permeating marker was not found any evidence of violation of membranes. The average amount of sumatriptan released in 5 minutes and up to 60 minutes away from the tested PVA nanomembrane STT10% CHI into phosphate buffer pH 7.4 was the same as the release amount into artificial salivary fluid. Nearly 60 % of active substance released in 5 minutes stays nearly on the same level up to 60 min The same fact was also found for elution of API from the membrane of PVA_API PVA_API_PAA type. A significant difference was in that, that only about 30% of the substance was released. The values obtained for J flux API1 from nanofiber membranes labeled as chitosan5% API1_5 STTchitosan% (H1, H2) and 5% chitosanAPI1_chitosan5% STT (I1, I2) were 6.0 ± 2.7 [mg / cm 2.hod 1] or 6.75 ± 2.7 [g/cm2.hod 1], respectively. These data are interesting in comparison...
Nanofibre membranes as drug carriers 7.
Hůlová, Martina ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Thesis in the theoretical part provides a summary of basic information about the formation and properties of nanofibers and nanofibre membranes, briefly acquainted with natural and synthetic polymers suitable for the formation of nanofibers and gives an overview of the properties of the two drugs suitable for processing into nanofibers. The mean in vitro flux J of caffeine as a marker of sublingual membrane integrity is about 445 ± 30 [μg/cm2 .hod 1 ]. The mean amount of sumatriptan released within 5 minutes and 60 minutes from the nanofibr membranes tested in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer and in artificial salivary fluid was at about 75%, respectively. 80% of the total amount contained drugs. The analogous values of the newly studied substances API1 are of about only a half. The values of in vitro J fluxes API1 through sublingual membrane were obtained for the two different carrier nanofiber chitosan membranes and are 5.8 ± 0.3 [μg/cm2 .hod 1 ] and 6.8 ± 1.45 [μg/cm2 .hod 1 ] respectively.
Novel protease in the reduced mitochondria of Giardia intestinalis.
Vondráčková, Pavlína ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Hrdý, Ivan (referee)
The proteom of Giardia mitosomes is represented by twenty proteins, which are imported from the cytoplasm, as mitochondrial genome is missing. The N-terminal sequences, which target proteins to mitosomes are removed upon translocation and the remaining protein is folded into its native comformation. Out of three types of mitochondrial processing peptidases only functional half of dominant matrix peptidase is present in the mitosomes of G. intestinalis - feature unique among all eukaryotes. Based on the proteomic analyses, we identified novel putative mitochondrial peptidase (peptidase X) in G. intestinalis mitosomes. Overexpressing the protein with hemagglutinin tag we confirmed its mitosomal localization. Using specific polyclonal antibody combined with carbonate extraction and protease protection assay we have specified the distribution of the protein in the mitosomal subcompartments. Based on these results, peptidase X is anchored in the inner mitosomal mambrane via its C-terminus facing the mitosomal matrix. Peptidase X has mitochondrial targeting sekvence on the N-terminus, which is also capable of targeting protein into yeast mitochondria. By using bioinformatic tools, we are trying to detect structural similarities of peptidase X to other proteins in order to identify its substrate specifity and thus...
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase homologues from Trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosomes
Zedníková, Věra ; Hrdý, Ivan (advisor) ; Doležal, Pavel (referee)
Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is a fundamental reaction of living organisms in general, leading to energy conservation. In some anaerobic or microaerophilic eukaryotic or prokaryotic organisms pyruvate decarboxylation is carried out by a single enzyme, pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFO). PFO contains Fe-S clusters and thiamin pyrophosphate cofactor (TPP). In the reaction catalyzed by PFO, from pyruvate and Co-A arise acetyl-CoA, CO2, and two electrons are released. Those electrons are accepted by low molecular carrier proteins. Most frequently these proteins are ferredoxins or flavodoxins such as in nitrogen fixating bacteria. PFO can perform a reversible reaction. Trichomonads are mostly parasitic or endosymbiotic organisms with mitochondria-like organelles, hydrogenosomes. These organelles possess PFO which is one of the key enzymes in the metabolism of Trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosomes. PFO of T. vaginalis, a sexually transmitted pathogen of man, plays also a role in a term of medical importance. PFO is, by a universally accepted concept, one of the key proteins acting in the activation of antimicrobial drugs against trichomoniasis 5-nitroimidazoles, including metronidazole. In the genome of T. vaginalis seven PFO genes were identified. They were named PFO A, B1, B2, C, D, E and...
Protein Import into the Mitosomes of Giardia intestinalis
Martincová, Eva ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Novotný, Marian (referee)
Mitochondrion is believed to be an ubiquitous organelle which occurred about 1,5 billion years ago by a single endosymbiotic event. Mitochondria is mostly dependent on the protein import from cytosol thus the establishment of protein import machinery was essential for seizing the new endosymbiont. Possibilities of studying the evolution of protein import machineries are quite limited given that no "free living" mitochondria or amitochondriate organisms are known nowadays. One alternative is to study mitochondrial secondary reductive evolution of anaerobic parasitic protists. Giardia intestinalis is flagellated protozoan living in microaerofilic environment of the small intestine. It containes one of the most reduced mitochondrion (mitosome) described so far. Hence it serves as a great model for studying mitochondrial evolution. Although it is well understood that all mitosomal proteins are transported from cytosol, many aspects of protein import pathway remain elusive. While the main channel Tom40 is present in the outer membrane, two other main translocases (Sam50 which is required for betta-barrel assembly in the outer membrane and Tim17/22/23 which is essential for protein translocation through the inner membrane) have not been identified so far. Protein translocation through Tim17/22/23 channel...

National Repository of Grey Literature : 296 records found   beginprevious180 - 189nextend  jump to record:
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7 DOLEŽAL, Pavel
49 DOLEŽAL, Petr
49 Doležal, Petr
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