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Prevention of postural defects in the population
Langmajerová, Jana ; Müllerová, Dana (advisor) ; Novák, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee)
This dissertation aims at verifying methodology used for somatographic evaluation of the shape and statics of the spine. The potential of the methodology verified lies in increased objectivity of upright body posture evaluation and thereby contributes to the specification of preventative measures for postural defects, and their consequences. Under a cross-sectional pilot study, a non-invasive somatographic method-a diagnostic DPT-3 system designated for spine shape diagnostics-was used to examine selected biomechanical parameters (spinal curves and statics in the sagittal plane in the upright position) in a total of 508 probands. Of this, 326 were school-age children and 182 adults. Among the key parameters monitored were: Cl (depth of cervical lordosis); LI (depth of lumbar lordosis); the sagittal balance of Cl/Ll, and VThk (distance of the peak of the thoracic kyphosis from the ideal verticals-IV). A questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of movement activity in probands and the relation between the occurrence of painful back and headaches and the measurement of biomechanical parameters and movement activity. A total of 81.3 % of children and 94.5 % of adults were found to have deviations from the biomechanically ideal posture model, which signals a postural defect. The values of the Cl (p...
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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human nutrition
Hrušovská, Veronika ; Dlouhý, Pavel (advisor) ; Rambousková, Jolana (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids used in nutrition. The thesis examines how well students of the Third Faculty of Medicine at the Charles University in Prague are informed about the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and to what extent they consume food rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The theoretical part of the Bachelor thesis focuses on the basic fatty acids theory, the general characteristics of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the recommended intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids from foods. It addresses the effects of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the prevention and treatment of diseases, their effects on the lipid spectrum, the cardiovascular system, the immune system, the central nervous system and eyesight, diabetology, nutritional pharmacology and the skin. It deals with the significance of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake by pregnant and lactating women, children, the elderly and vegans. It specifies the sources of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in nutrition. In the practical part of the Bachelor thesis, the author evaluates an interview survey involving 467 students in all years and from all branches of study at the Third Faculty of Medicine at the Charles University in Prague, who were enrolled in the...
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