|
|
The effect of technologies on physical activity and eatning habits in adolescents
Charvátová, Pavla ; Kytnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
Children's obesity is a global issue. Overweight is associated with many health complications and social inconveniences. The theoretical part is devoted to the general causes of obesity development, complications associated with obesity and treatment of obesity. Physical activity, children's and adolescent's eating habits are discussed in the following chapter. Short parts are devoted to describing the characteristics of adolescents period and modern technologies. The group consisted of 11 adolescents aged from 11 to 18 years. The adolescents were observed for two months. During this period, adolescents recorded physical activity, number of steps, number of hours spent with technologies (mobile phones, computers, tablets, laptops). Each of them also wrote down their eating habits. All eating habits diets were provided evaluated and compared with recommendations. Adolescents were measured twice on a bioimpedance device, their body compositions were determined and evaluated based on their measuring. Research proved that each respondent has shown a change in body composition (ratio between muscle and fat), which did not always show a decrease in total body weight. For adolescents, motivation was caused by borrowed pedometers. But not even thanks to this modern technology, adolescents were not able to...
|
|
|
The effect of technologies on physical activity and eatning habits in adolescents
Charvátová, Pavla ; Kytnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
Children's obesity is a global issue. Overweight is associated with many health complications and social inconveniences. The theoretical part is devoted to the general causes of obesity development, complications associated with obesity and treatment of obesity. Physical activity, children's and adolescent's eating habits are discussed in the following chapter. Short parts are devoted to describing the characteristics of adolescents period and modern technologies. The group consisted of 11 adolescents aged from 11 to 18 years. The adolescents were observed for two months. During this period, adolescents recorded physical activity, number of steps, number of hours spent with technologies (mobile phones, computers, tablets, laptops). Each of them also wrote down their eating habits. All eating habits diets were provided evaluated and compared with recommendations. Adolescents were measured twice on a bioimpedance device, their body compositions were determined and evaluated based on their measuring. Research proved that each respondent has shown a change in body composition (ratio between muscle and fat), which did not always show a decrease in total body weight. For adolescents, motivation was caused by borrowed pedometers. But not even thanks to this modern technology, adolescents were not able to...
|
|
|
Nutritional condition and food intake in seniors living at home
CHARVÁTOVÁ, Pavla
Bachelor thesis entitled "Nutrition status and intake of food in seniors living at home" deals with nutrition of seniors, food intake and their nutritional status. The theoretical part deals first with the basic concepts of aging, important components of food - the need of energy, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, fiber, calcium and vitamin D as well as drinking and eating. Further, the theoretical work describes all changes of gastrointestinal tract from oral to thin and colon and any complications associated with them - malnutrition, obesity, osteoporosis and sarcopenia. The theoretical work also deals with evaluation of seniors' nutrition and especially with BMI, anamnesis, physical, anthropometric, laboratory and special examinations. The research question related to how the nutritional status of seniors living in a couple or seniors living single. A qualitative and quantitative method was used for processing the research part of the bachelor thesis. The research group created 5 seniors living at home aged 65 or higher. The seniors received a printed arc record at the beginning of the study in 14 days, each senior enrolling the type and amount of consumed diet, fluids, and also recording physical activity and time outdoors. For each senior, personal, family, medical history and basic height and weight data were initially identified. All consumed foods and beverages were entered into the "Nutriservis Professional" program, which calculated the intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, sodium, iron and vitamin D, then the averages of all results for each nutrient were calculated. These merits were compared with the merits for seniors. The ideal weight was determined using BMI for seniors. For each senior, bioimpedance (a special investigation method) was performed using Tanita bioimpedance scales at Nature House facilities in different cities. Using this special examination method, the ratio of fat, water and non-fat mass in the body of each senior was determined. In this facility, each senior was reconsidered. According to Harris Benedict's formula, the recommended amount of energy, proteins, fats and carbohydrates was calculated. Thereafter, these values were compared to the actual values of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate taken from seniors' diet during the reference period. The data was processed into tables and plain text with short comments. Of all the results I have received, it can be seen that the nutrition in the elderly monitored does not reach the recommended values. Some seniors have failed to fulfill their daily nutritional needs. He buys and cooks food they taste for them. It does not look for sufficient intake of the necessary nutrients. They are not interested in healthy nutrition.
|
|
|
Biodiversity and population dynamics of small terrestrial mammals on various types of restoration in the area of Velká podkrušnohorská spoil heap.
CHARVÁTOVÁ, Pavla
The aim of my thesis was to describe the biodiversity and try to outline the population dynamics of small terrestrial mammals on the Great podkrušnohorská spoil heap. We captured small mammals six times during the 2009 and 2010 seasons. We used the standard capture-mark-release method (CMR) with live traps in quadrates at five sites with different restoration type- wetland, forestry (alderwood and pinewood), agricultural and controlled succession. The observed data were processed in Microsoft Office Excel and by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) in Canoco for Windows. In 2009 a total of 67 individuals of five small mammals´species were captured: Apodemus flavicollis, Microtus arvalis, M. agrestis, Myodes glareolus and Sorex araneus. The highest biodiversity (3 species) was recorded in wetland restoration. The highest abundance (20 individuals) was recorded in alderwood forestry restoration. In 2010 258 individuals of 7 species were captured: Apodemus flavicollis, A. sylvaticus, Microtus arvalis, M. agrestis, Myodes glareolus, S. araneus and Micromys minutus. As in 2009 the highest abundance was recorded in alderwood forestry restoration(60 individuals) and the highest biodiversity (7 species) was recorded in wetland restoration.
|
|
| |
guest ::
RSS feed.