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Czech modern women and the Orient in the first half of the 20th century: Challenging both gender and colonial dichotomies from the margins of Europe
Havlůjová, Hana ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee) ; Bahenská, Marie (referee)
Hana Havlůjová: Czech modern women and the Orient in the first half of the 20th century: Challenging both gender and colonial dichotomies from the margins of Europe Abstract In regards to both Czech and international research context my thesis has two main objectives. Firstly, it aims to explore various Czech sources, be them written or visual, in order to examine their potential for cultural history-based research on Czech modern women's (re)presentations of the Orient in the first half of the 20th century. Secondly, it uses a perspective 'from the margins of Europe' in order to challenge traditional dichotomies that prevail in a majority of research on gender and nationalism as well as colonialism worldwide. Therefore, my analyses of Czech modern women's (re)presentations of the Orient focus mainly on the interplay of three modern discourses - feminism, nationalism and orientalism. The first part of the thesis First impressions: Three Czech modern women in the Orient comprises three case studies on Pavla Dušková, Ludmila Matiegková and Vlasta Kálalová Di- Lotti, who travelled to and stayed in the Near East (Egypt, Palestine, Iraq) in the 1920s and 1930s. Their personal papers (e.g. family correspondence, unpublished travelogues) as well as published works (e.g. academic pieces of writing, popular novels)...
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The Role of Coin Production and its Acceptance in Shaping the Power Structure of Early Medieval Czech Society
Kratochvíl, Jan ; Štemberk, Jan (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee) ; Květina, Petr (referee)
The Ph.D. theses Role of Coin Production and Acceptance in Shaping the Power Structure of Early Bohemian medieval society discusses the earliest historical payment instruments,which appearance is assumed to have occurred in Bohemia in the 10th century. It looks at them, however, through a non-economic prism, the establishment of which is preceded by a critique of existing interpretations. The subject of the research are Slavic payment clothes and the oldest denarii minted in the Bohemian Duchy. The thesis formulates a new hypothesis about the way in which Slavic clothes could have fulfilled certain functions that we nowadays identify with payment. This hypothesis is based on the assumption of a different organization of economic relations in early medieval society. On the basis of this assumed organisation of social relations, a social crisis is subsequently reconstructed, the reflection of which is identified in the St Wenceslas legends, for which a new source of inspiration, Livy's Ab urbe condita libri, is also revealed. The hypothesis about the functioning of Slavic payment clothes is thus subsequently linked with the sources into a broader interpretative whole. The coins are viewed in this work in a chartalist and practical metallist manner, in opposition to the theoretical metallist approach....
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Bedřich Hrozný and the Oriental Institute in Prague with help of the National Masaryk Fund
Kopecký, René ; Havlůjová, Hana (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee)
The rigorous work Bed ich Hrozný and the Oriental Institute in Prague with help of the National Masaryk Fund is about life and work of the old-oriental philologist and historian, important personality of Czechoslovakian social and academic life. The work describes mostly the foundation of the Oriental Institute in Prague and the first decades of its existence. The Oriental Institute has existed de facto since 1920, and de iure since 1922. However, the question remains, how much the letter of law was fulfilled. As the constitutive meeting, concerning foundation of the Oriental institute took place on March 1st , 1928. It also deals with the related activities such as the National Masaryk Fund, from which the Oriental Institute was co-financed, or the archaeological research of Bed ich Hrozný in Syria - tell Sheykh Sa ad and Tell Erfad and in Turkey - tell Kültepe. All of the archaeological findings of Bed ich Hrozný, which he brought to Prague, were not preserved till nowadays. When the findings came to possession of the National Gallery in Prague (except the Cappadocian tablets), they were provisionally deposited in the castle in Benešov nad Plou nicí. However, they were not secured properly there. In December 1969, the part of the findings of Bed ich Hrozný were destroyed by the fire in the castle...
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Image of Byzantine relations with crusaders in Levant in works of William of Tyre, Anna Komnene and Niketas Choniates
Poláček, Tomáš ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee)
This bachelor work is about problematice of relations between Komnenian dynasty and Outremer, that is crusaders and crusader states in region of Levante from point of view of byzantine historians Anne Komnene and Niketas Choniates and latin historian of "western" descend William of Tyre. Work is divided into several parts. In first part, it pursues reigns of individual rulers of Komnenian dynasty in given time period for historical context of era, than follows chapter about historiography, which is about works of individual authors and in the end analyses opinions of authors on specific historical events starting with first crusade and ending with massacre of Latins in Constantinople and examines views on it with the eyes of Niketas Choniates and William of Tyre. The author tries to answer the question why their relations extremely deteriotated even spite of prolatin orientation of Komnenian rulers. KEY WORDS Keywords: crusaders; crusader states; William of Tyre; Anna Komnene; Niketas Choniates; Byzantium; 1081-1183; chronicle
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Great Moravia and its heritage in Uherske Hradiste Region
Bělohradová, Šárka ; Charvát, Petr (advisor) ; Parkan, František (referee)
Mů j zájem o dě jiny Velké Moravy zač al již krátce po narození. Ne, není to omyl, narodila jsem se totiž v Uherském Hradišti a celý svů j dosavadní život prožila ve Starém Mě stě , v centru onoho dávného Veligradu, který svou velikostí a vyspě lostí v devátém století př edč il mnohé svě tové civilizace a př edbě hl dě jinný vývoj mnohdy až o ně kolik staletí. Již ve 3 letech jsem v doprovodu rodiců zpovzdálí se zájmem sledovala práci archeologů a ve skrytu duše jim závidě la to jejich "velké pískoviště " a speciální "lopatky", se kterými si tam den co den "hráli"... Dnes již jen s úsmě vem na tvář i vzpomínám na mou bujnou fantazii a uvě domuji si, že ono "velké pískoviště ", na které jsem se v 80.letech 20.století chodila dívat, bylo pohř ebiště "Na Valách" a archeologové se tam vě novali dalšímu ze svých př ínosných archeologických výzkumů . Možná jsem tam tehdy ještě stač ila zahlédnout Viléma Hrubého, jednoho z nejvýznamně jších archeologů Starého Mě sta, nebo Luď ka Galušku, soudobého archeologa, se kterým jsem se po více jak 20 letech setkala v Mě stském zemském muzeu v Brně , aby mi shrnul dosavadní archeologické úspě chy a dal velmi cenné rady k této diplomové práci. V posledních mě sících jsem mnohokrát odpovídala na otázku, co mě vedlo k výbě ru tématu mé práce a proč jsem si zvolila právě Velkou...
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Using Theatre as a Didactic Tool for History Lessons in the Pays de la Loire Region
Paseková, Klára ; Hnilica, Jiří (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee)
La pièce de théâtre comme outil d'enseignement de l'histoire dans la région Pays de la Loire Using Theatre as a Didactic Tool for History Lessons in the Pays de la Loire Region Bc. Klára Paseková Abstract This thesis describes the advantages of using theater play as a didactic tool for history teaching, with specific examples from the area of Pays de la Loire, France. The special role of school externist in the context of French schools is introduced, as well as the specific place of drama play as a motivational and educational tool in connection with the subject of history. Using the example of the play Mystère sur les quais de Nantes, the usefulness of the theater play for explaining complex history concept is demonstrated. Materials for history teachers include preparation instructions, the play itself and materials for subsequent discussion session with the author Mme Le Fahler and workshop. Further analysis illustrates the specifics of creating a play for the purpose of teaching history. Keywords: didactic tool, play, dramatisation, drama in education, Pays de la Loire, historical fact, historical contectualisation of character, preparation of scenario
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Ancient Constellations as a cultural Phaenomenon
Juřina, Petr ; Bouzek, Jan (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee) ; Dufková, Marie (referee)
The firm connection of the heavenly constellations with characters and passages from Greek mythology is earned above all Aratus of Soloi, a Hellenistic poet from the time of Ptolemy II. His didactic poem Phainomena ("Phenomena in the sky") reached such popularity in its time that it lived to be translated into Latin several times and its contents became a firm part of the heritage of European civilization. The beginnings of the entire system of dividing the heavens into 48 parts, go back to a much older period. Astronomy has reliably brought forth evidence that the root of these heavenly "parcels" has its origins in the Near East 7.000-6.000 years ago. These conclusions of exact sciences also help confirm indications seen in the last while in various social-scientific disciplines. We find reflections of this ancient tradition in cosmological-astronomical (astrological) aspects of ancient cultures, or in paleoastronomical constructions of many archaeologically found features of prehistoric Europe.
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