National Repository of Grey Literature 36 records found  previous11 - 20nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Eda gene in the development of teeth
Dalecká, Linda ; Hovořáková, Mária (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee)
Ectodysplasin A (EDA) is a transmembrane protein of the TNF family, which plays an important role in the development of ectodermal derivates, such as teeth, hair or glands. Mutation in Eda gene causes the Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) in humans. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) as a downstream of Eda signalling pathway is an important signalling molecule involved in the initiation of tooth development. In frame of the present study, we aimed to evaluate the involvement of Eda gene during the development of mice teeth and its relation to Shh signalling, since Shh is an important marker of the normal tooth development. We focused on Shh expression in Eda mutant mice teeth with spontaneous mutation in Eda gene, since these mice represent a natural model for X-linked HED. First, we compared the Shh expression pattern during the tooth development in Eda mutant mice with CD1 control using the dissociation of dental epithelia and fluorescent microscopy. Consequently, we focused on the cell line expressing Shh observation using Cre-loxP system. We also visualized SHH expression in Eda mutants using imunohistochemistry and qantified SHH protein in the embryonic jaws using western blot. According to our results, the development of teeth in Eda mutants seems to be approximately one day delayed compared to...
The signs of odontogenesis externally to the prospective functional dentition in the experimental model
Fábik, Jaroslav ; Hovořáková, Mária (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee)
6 Abstract The development of the mouse tooth primordium is an important model for studying odontogenesis, as well as general organogenesis. The development of the mouse lower incisor is of remarkable interest. The epithelial anlage of the mouse lower incisor is interconnected with the vestibular anlage via the epithelial bridges. According to some authors, the epithelial bridges represent an area, where the transient rudimentary incisor germ appears. From a morphological point of view, the first sign of ongoing epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during early odontogenesis is the thickening of oral epithelium. From a molecular point of view, it is the expression of the Shh, Eda, Edar, Pitx2, Bmp2, Bmp4 and Dlx2 genes. Except for the transcription domain, representing the proper signalling centre of a developing prospective incisor, a transient transcription domain, localized anteriorly and superficially, appears in the odontogenic zone of the epithelium during early development. The anterior transcription domain originates in the area of epithelial bridges, and according to some authors, from an evolutionary point of view, it corresponds with the signalling centre of the rudimentary incisor germ. The aim of this diploma thesis was to compare the temporospatial dynamics of SHH and EDA protein expression in...
The role of rudimentary structures in odontogenesis.
Lochovská, Kateřina ; Hovořáková, Mária (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee) ; Štembírek, Jan (referee)
In vivo organogenesis is based on the temporal-spatial developmental processes that depend on cell behaviour, for example on their growth, migration, differentiation and intercellular interactions. Such behaviour is regulated by appropriate transient expression of various signalling molecules. Despite the significant advances in therapeutic strategies, the secret of the development of the biological replacement of a damaged or missing tooth has not yet been revealed. In this context, animal models provide a powerful tool for studying tooth normogenesis and pathogenesis in both basic and applied research. Early development of the tooth shares similar morphological and molecular features with other ectodermal organs. At the same time, these features are largely preserved also between species, which is advantageous for the use of model organisms. The dental formula of both: the human and the mouse are reduced against a common ancestor, but both groups of organisms evince simple as well as multicusped teeth. In both, structures called rudimentary were found. These structures are suppressed during ontogenetic development and generally they are not attributed to essential functions. That is why we aimed to study dental rudiments in detail and reveal their function in odontogenesis. This work presents new...
Testing of drugs embryotoxicity on chicken embryo
Steklíková, Klára ; Peterka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee)
The embryonal development could be negatively disrupted by exogenous factors, which could cause developmental defect. These factors are called teratogens and amongst them there are not only physical and biological but also chemical substances including some of commonly used drugs. Those substances are recommended not to be use in pregnancy. In case of women with chronical disease, for example diabetes mellitus, permanent medication is necessary also during pregnancy. Therefore it is important to ensure medicament and dose, which are safe for use during pregnancy. For finding out the embryotoxicity of drugs the prospective and retrospective epidemiological studies are used, which are supplemented by results from experimental studies. According to OECD (organization for economic co-operation and development) recommendations the classical testing is performed on two different mammalian species. Those experiments are limited by different pharmacokinetics and biotransformation, which affects substances in maternal organism. Therefore for alternative embryotoxicity testing are used such methods, that exclude this impact. One of these model organisms that enable this is chicken embryo. Chicken embryo, unlike cellular and tissue cultures, can provide complex information about effect of tested substance on...
Sprouty 2 in the early development with focus on the craniofacial area and development of limbs
Pasovská, Martina ; Hovořáková, Mária (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee)
Sprouty proteins are known as negative regulators of the pathways downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways. FGFs are involved in patalal and tooth formation, osteoblasts proliferation, differentiation and bone formation. Especially FGFR3, one of the fibroblast receptors, affects chondrocytes in the growth plate and its gain-of-function mutation is responsible for chondrodysplastic syndromes. Sprouty2 (Spry) gene plays an important role in embryonic development, as in the development of limb, kidney, pulmonary branching and morfogenesis of teeth. Spry2 knock-out results in supernumerary tooth formation in diastema of mandible, abnormalities of skull shape or cleft palate. Sonic hedgehod gene (Shh) also plays an important role in the craniofacial development and in the development of limb bud. The aim of this master thesis was to describe the expression of Spry2 in the craniofacial area and in the developing limbs with focus on the early stages of embryogenesis. We focused also on the relationships between Spry2 and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) gene expressions in the craniofacial area and in the limb buds. In situ hybridization was used to show the expression patterns of Spry2 and Shh genes. Immunohistochemistry was used for visualization of Spry2 and...
Comparative analyses of cranial skeletogenesis and odontogenesis in basal Ray-finned fishes
Pospíšilová, Anna ; Černý, Robert (advisor) ; Přikryl, Tomáš (referee) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee)
Skeletal (cartilaginous, bony, and dental) tissues undoubtedly exemplify the key innovation of vertebrates. Among all recent vertebrates, the most numerous and successful lineage is represented by the Ray-finned fishes that, accordingly, exhibit amazing variety of skeletal architectures and phenotypic adaptations. In order to depict fundamental principles of fish cranial skeletogenesis the developmental formation of skeletal architectures was described, compared and analyzed using members of early branching fish lineages, that exemplify very different strategies of skeletogenesis. While the Senegal bichirs and the Tropical gars are heavily armored forms with massive exoskeleton and hyperossified dental structures covering the whole oropharyngeal region, the European sterlets, on the contrary, possess mostly cartilaginous skeleton and reduce their dental structures during early development. Whole analysis is underpinned by the Northen pike, teleostean species with lightened skeletal architecture with comparable number of cranial elements. The present study represents the first complex comparative analysis of their skeletogenesis and odontogenesis. This allowed to define developmental strategies founding different lineage-specific skeletal architecture of vertebrates. Comparative description of...
Role of Fibroblasts in Regulation of Wound Healing
Zavaďáková, Anna ; Vištejnová, Lucie (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee)
Dermal fibroblasts participate actively in the regulation of wound healing process. They migrate and proliferate during the proliferative phase into the wound site and respond to signals from damaged tissue by secretion of a various pro-inflammatory molecules (e.g. interleukins IL6 and IL8) and extracellular matrix components (e.g. collagen type I, hyaluronan, fibronectin). The disruption of the balance and timing of synthesis and degradation of these molecules can lead to the transition of normal to abnormal non-healing process. Several stress factors act simultaneously in this type of wounds - impaired nutrition supply, inflammation, bacterial contamination, oxidative stress etc. However, the latest in vitro research of dermal fibroblasts in wound healing apply most often only one stress factor. This thesis deals with the response of dermal fibroblasts to the wound conditions. For the first time, a comprehensive study of the functional response of the cells to the two key wound stress factors is described in 2D culture and 3D self-made collagen hydrogel culture. In the first part of the thesis response of dermal fibroblasts to the wound conditions applying two stress factors - low nutrition (2% FBS) and inflammation simulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - is characterized. The...
Migration and morphogenesis of neural crest cells in the context of craniofacial development of selected ray-finned fishes
Štundl, Jan ; Černý, Robert (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee) ; Machoň, Ondřej (referee)
Neural crest (NC) cells play a crucial role in vertebrate development and evolution. This cell population contributes to many new cell types such as chondrocytes and osteocytes of the head skeleton, neurons, pigment cells, cardiomyocytes, and many others. As such the neural crest is often considered as the fourth germ layer. This vertebrate-specific cell population emerges during formation of the neural tube. Whereas in the trunk region NC cells migrate as separate cells, cranial neural crest (CNC) cells extensively migrate in three discrete streams forming most of the head mesenchyme. In all vertebrates, CNC stereotypically follows the tripartite pattern of migration along the anteroposterior axis so that the most anterior (trigeminal) stream emerges first, followed by the hyoid and branchial CNC streams. In this work, I have studied representatives of all three lineages of non-teleost fishes (bichir, sturgeon, and gar) and also one species from the crown group of ray-finned fishes, the pike. The main question I addressed in my project was whether the CNC cells stereotypically follow a tripartite pattern of migration along the anteroposterior axis as is seen throughout vertebrates. Surprisingly, I found several alterations in the emergence of CNC cells and their migratory pattern in the studied...
Sprouty 2 in the early development with focus on the craniofacial area and development of limbs
Pasovská, Martina ; Hovořáková, Mária (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee)
Sprouty proteins are known as negative regulators of the pathways downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways. FGFs are involved in patalal and tooth formation, osteoblasts proliferation, differentiation and bone formation. Especially FGFR3, one of the fibroblast receptors, affects chondrocytes in the growth plate and its gain-of-function mutation is responsible for chondrodysplastic syndromes. Sprouty2 (Spry) gene plays an important role in embryonic development, as in the development of limb, kidney, pulmonary branching and morfogenesis of teeth. Spry2 knock-out results in supernumerary tooth formation in diastema of mandible, abnormalities of skull shape or cleft palate. Sonic hedgehod gene (Shh) also plays an important role in the craniofacial development and in the development of limb bud. The aim of this master thesis was to describe the expression of Spry2 in the craniofacial area and in the developing limbs with focus on the early stages of embryogenesis. We focused also on the relationships between Spry2 and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) gene expressions in the craniofacial area and in the limb buds. In situ hybridization was used to show the expression patterns of Spry2 and Shh genes. Immunohistochemistry was used for visualization of Spry2 and...
Eda gene in the development of teeth
Dalecká, Linda ; Hovořáková, Mária (advisor) ; Buchtová, Marcela (referee)
Ectodysplasin A (EDA) is a transmembrane protein of the TNF family, which plays an important role in the development of ectodermal derivates, such as teeth, hair or glands. Mutation in Eda gene causes the Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) in humans. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) as a downstream of Eda signalling pathway is an important signalling molecule involved in the initiation of tooth development. In frame of the present study, we aimed to evaluate the involvement of Eda gene during the development of mice teeth and its relation to Shh signalling, since Shh is an important marker of the normal tooth development. We focused on Shh expression in Eda mutant mice teeth with spontaneous mutation in Eda gene, since these mice represent a natural model for X-linked HED. First, we compared the Shh expression pattern during the tooth development in Eda mutant mice with CD1 control using the dissociation of dental epithelia and fluorescent microscopy. Consequently, we focused on the cell line expressing Shh observation using Cre-loxP system. We also visualized SHH expression in Eda mutants using imunohistochemistry and qantified SHH protein in the embryonic jaws using western blot. According to our results, the development of teeth in Eda mutants seems to be approximately one day delayed compared to...

National Repository of Grey Literature : 36 records found   previous11 - 20nextend  jump to record:
See also: similar author names
5 BUCHTOVÁ, Martina
5 Buchtová, Martina
9 Buchtová, Michaela
1 Buchtová, Miloslava
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