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Social inequalities in stroke prevalence in Europe
Šimka, Vojtěch ; Kulhánová, Ivana (advisor) ; Bruthans, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyses the relationship between the prevalence of stroke and the level of education in European countries. The aim of the thesis is to identify the factors that influence this relationship using data obtained from the EHIS study. The thesis focuses on the analysis of social inequalities in stroke prevalence in Europe. The results of the analysis confirm the existence of significant social inequalities in the prevalence of this disease in some European countries. Factors contributing to a higher chance of stroke in individuals with lower socioeconomic status have been identified. On the basis of these results, recommendations for governments of countries with a high prevalence of social inequalities are formulated in the final chapter of the thesis. These recommendations relate to access to health care, including stroke prevention and treatment, and aim to reduce social inequalities in this area.
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Comparison of postoperative analgesia in ICU
Trojanová, Eva ; Bruthans, Jan (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Bohumil (referee)
The thesis deals with comparing the postoperative analgesia with a focus on pacients after hip replacement surgery at the intensive care units. The quantitative study realized at the Fakultní nemocnice v Motole and Nemocnice Třebíč during November 2012 and February 2013. The main task of the theoretical part is to analyze the current trends in the field of post- operativeanalgesia by the patients undergoing hip joint surgery as well as the explanation the basicconcepts of this issue and overviewing the international postoperative pain treatments. The practical part is an objective comparison the postoperative analgesia byselected patients at the Fakultní nemocnice v Motole and Nemocnice Třebíč determined by questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire are processed into graphical representation and subsequently evaluated. The work serves to clarify the overall issue of post-operative analgesia. The focus is mainly on ensuring the quality of postoperative analgesia, the financial requirements administered analgesics and the possible complications associated with the use of analgesic therapy. Key words: Analgesia, pain, hip surgery, visual analogue scale, analgesics
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Personnel safety during cytoreductive surgery and hypertermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Stein, Radim ; Bruthans, Jan (advisor) ; Kordulová, Pavla (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the protection of personnel in cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, focusing on non-medical healthcare workers - anesthetist nurses. The aim of the work was to analyze the knowledge of anesthesia nurses in the use of personal protective equipment, the specifics of selection for the given performance, the use of an electrocautery with integrated suction, the availability of decontamination aids In case of an accident of cytotoxic substances and if the staff is afraid of their own health. The data was obtained through a questionnaire. For the research were selected anesthesia nurses working in operating theaters in selected health care facilities in the Czech Republic. The total number of respondents who participated in the research was 35. The results of the survey revealed that the staff did not find out what PPEs are recommended for this type of operation. It's either because the staff is less linguistically equipped or does not know EBN / EBP or EBM. The staff only uses those PPEs that are available to them. As a good result, 49% of respondents use an integrated electric exhaust system. With regard to the availability of decontamination aids, I have found that most of the staff does not know whether these utilities are available at...
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Competence of non-medical staff in the Czech republic
Hrbáček, Jiří ; Bruthans, Jan (advisor) ; Prošková, Eva (referee)
The topic of the diploma thesis is dedicated to competence of non medical staff in the Czech Republic. The whole draft is built on analysing of the specific issues and consideration if it is possible to attein, that physicians could transmit part of their competences to non medical staff under the current law approval. In the theoretical part of the work I focus on identification of individual factors influence the work of non-medical staff and the conditions under which it is possible to perform the medical profession. Further on the system of education and competence individual profession primarily workers in intensive care. It also includes considerations for and against increasing the skills and vicarious view of selected experts. At the end of the thesis I developed a comparison between the neighboring states and the Czech Republic in the competence of selected professions. In the empirical part of the work, I work with data that I received from questionnaires. I concentrated mainly on nurses in intensive care units, and anesthesiology and resuscitation department. As well as to sites of paramedics station services in Prague (CSU crew III) Research questions aim to confirm or refute the hypotheses that I set on, if they want or not paramedical refuse the extension of his powers and at the same...
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The Prevention of a Burn-out Syndrom in the Intensive Care Unit
Šenkýřová, Jana ; Bruthans, Jan (advisor) ; Malina, Antonín (referee)
The Abstract This thesis deals with the problematic of burn out syndrom. In the theoretical part it deals with the prevention from the side of the employer and the support of the Ministry of Health. It compares psychosocial support provided by the divisions of Integrated rescue system. In addition it describes the actual situation in providing of the long term intensive care with the focus on the roots of origins of the burn out syndrom in those departments. In the practical parts were describes 4 Prague hospitals (ÚVN, FN Motol, RK Malvazinky, ETOILE CZ, a. s.) and their areas of prevention, through the qualitative methodology of data collection. Through the analysis quantitative metodology, it was found out, that majority of the respondents would appreciate creation of anonymous phone line within the frame of psychosocial support. The respondents also claim that it would be good, if the employers would be given by the law the obligation to provide the psychosocial support. From the research it appears, that the employers, eventhough they are aware of the risk of the burn out syndrom appearance in the departments of intensive care, they do not measure the appearance of this phenomen with the tools meant for it. Based on comparison of both research methods was proven, that 63 % of the respondents are...
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Comparison of postoperative analgesia in ICU
Trojanová, Eva ; Bruthans, Jan (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Bohumil (referee)
The thesis deals with comparing the postoperative analgesia with a focus on pacients after hip replacement surgery at the intensive care units. The quantitative study realized at the Fakultní nemocnice v Motole and Nemocnice Třebíč during November 2012 and February 2013. The main task of the theoretical part is to analyze the current trends in the field of post- operativeanalgesia by the patients undergoing hip joint surgery as well as the explanation the basicconcepts of this issue and overviewing the international postoperative pain treatments. The practical part is an objective comparison the postoperative analgesia byselected patients at the Fakultní nemocnice v Motole and Nemocnice Třebíč determined by questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire are processed into graphical representation and subsequently evaluated. The work serves to clarify the overall issue of post-operative analgesia. The focus is mainly on ensuring the quality of postoperative analgesia, the financial requirements administered analgesics and the possible complications associated with the use of analgesic therapy. Key words: Analgesia, pain, hip surgery, visual analogue scale, analgesics
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Early Postoperative Monitorings and Nursing Practice Guidelines in Patients after Cardiac Surgary
Jirousková, Klára ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Bruthans, Jan (referee)
The Master's Thesis "Early postoperative monitoring and nursing practice guidelines in patients after cardiac surgery" is devided into two parts. The introduction of the first theoretical part contains a definition and a brief explanation of the scope of cardiac surgery. The following text discusses the organization of postoperative care in cardiac surgery, the postoperative patient monitoring and the most common nursing practice guidelines followed in cardiosurgical intensive and resuscitation care units. The second empirical part explains the research goals, the operational hypothesis, the organization and methods of research, the characteristics of target group of respondents, the presentation of results in research of adherence to nursing practice guidelines in cardiosurgical ICU in prevention of complications, the assessment of competence of nurses, the definition of the most frequent complications of invasive entries, the assessment of the most difficult nursing practice guidelines and verification of theoretical knowledge of the nurses regarding the duration of their practice and the level of achieved education. This part concludes by the evaluation of the research goals and operational hypothesis in a discussion.
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The Economic Potential of Existing eHealth Systems in the Czech Republic
Bruthans, Jan ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (referee) ; Večeř, Jan (referee)
The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the contemporary area of information technologies employed in health care (eHealth). Focusing on the systems already employed in the Czech Republic, it aims to analyse them, to quantify expenditures of their introduction and maximum benefits derived from these, as well as to evaluate their real current profit. Out of the three existing national systems, this dissertation concentrates on the two only (eRecept, ePACS), as it became impossible to evaluate the third -- IZIP system due to scarcity of the relevant information available. In the field of expenditures not only generally published numbers are taken into consideration, but this dissertation also evaluates the expenditures of other subjects involved (IT systems producers, health care providers, etc.). As the first dissertation in the Czech Republic it quantifies benefits derived from the existing eHealth systems and unlike foreign theses it greatly emphasizes just the expenditures of other subjects involved. Included in this dissertation is also the evaluation of achievements of the eHealth systems in the Czech Republic complete with supposed grounds for this situation. This dissertation also recommends courses of action for contractors of these systems to ensure future basis for more economical and successful eHealth systems. These recommendations are mainly based on analysis of development of the existing national eHealth systems. For the complex evaluation of the costs, maximum of possible and real benefit of the individual eHealth systems the research approach adopted in this dissertation includes descriptive method and SWOT analysis, extrapolation and abstraction, comparative and factor analysis.
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