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Competence of non-medical staff in the Czech republic
Hrbáček, Jiří ; Bruthans, Jan (advisor) ; Prošková, Eva (referee)
The topic of the diploma thesis is dedicated to competence of non medical staff in the Czech Republic. The whole draft is built on analysing of the specific issues and consideration if it is possible to attein, that physicians could transmit part of their competences to non medical staff under the current law approval. In the theoretical part of the work I focus on identification of individual factors influence the work of non-medical staff and the conditions under which it is possible to perform the medical profession. Further on the system of education and competence individual profession primarily workers in intensive care. It also includes considerations for and against increasing the skills and vicarious view of selected experts. At the end of the thesis I developed a comparison between the neighboring states and the Czech Republic in the competence of selected professions. In the empirical part of the work, I work with data that I received from questionnaires. I concentrated mainly on nurses in intensive care units, and anesthesiology and resuscitation department. As well as to sites of paramedics station services in Prague (CSU crew III) Research questions aim to confirm or refute the hypotheses that I set on, if they want or not paramedical refuse the extension of his powers and at the same...
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The Prevention of a Burn-out Syndrom in the Intensive Care Unit
Šenkýřová, Jana ; Bruthans, Jan (advisor) ; Malina, Antonín (referee)
The Abstract This thesis deals with the problematic of burn out syndrom. In the theoretical part it deals with the prevention from the side of the employer and the support of the Ministry of Health. It compares psychosocial support provided by the divisions of Integrated rescue system. In addition it describes the actual situation in providing of the long term intensive care with the focus on the roots of origins of the burn out syndrom in those departments. In the practical parts were describes 4 Prague hospitals (ÚVN, FN Motol, RK Malvazinky, ETOILE CZ, a. s.) and their areas of prevention, through the qualitative methodology of data collection. Through the analysis quantitative metodology, it was found out, that majority of the respondents would appreciate creation of anonymous phone line within the frame of psychosocial support. The respondents also claim that it would be good, if the employers would be given by the law the obligation to provide the psychosocial support. From the research it appears, that the employers, eventhough they are aware of the risk of the burn out syndrom appearance in the departments of intensive care, they do not measure the appearance of this phenomen with the tools meant for it. Based on comparison of both research methods was proven, that 63 % of the respondents are...
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Permeability of natural surfaces of Hruba Skala sandstone in rock cities for water vapour and intensity of evaporation
Slavík, Martin ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Pavlíková, Milena (referee)
Aim of this study was to describe capillary water and vapor transport in shallow subsurface of Hrubá Skála sandstone in the Bohemian Paradise. I have quantified permeability of Hrubá Skála sandstone for water vapor using "wet cup" method and also capillary water absorption of sandstone drill cores. I have found out general rules of evaporation and rate of evaporation from several sandstone outcrops in real microclimate. Important part of my work was to determine whether surface crust plays some role in studied parameters. Based on my results, permeability of different types of sandstones for water vapor does not vary significantly and surface crust has no effect on rate of water vapor diffusion. Rate of capillary water absorption is reduced by surface crust. Hrubá Skála sandstone is classified as medium or highly absorbing material. I have proved that evaporation from porous medium can be approximated by exponential function. Rate of evaporation is strongly controlled by climatic conditions, especially by relative humidity. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Development of groundwater surface and inflows to the Strelec quarry: interpretation of conduits development in the quarry surroundings
Světlík, Daniel ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Kůrková, Iva (referee)
As a result of ground water pumping in the Střeleč quarry there has been developed a depression in ground water surface during recent 30 years impacting an area of approx. 10 km2 . Due to the existence of steep hydraulic gradient in the quarry surroundings subsurface erosion occurs resulting in a development of underground channels. The biggest one developed in the years 2000 - 2002. Its length was 300 m reaching in some place the height of 17 m. During field works in the quarry in the years 2009 - 2010 the only accessible channel was mapped. In the channel two main types of cracks were discovered. On the crossing of these cracks slumping of the sandstone occurs which causes difficulties for the mining company. A hydraulic gradient higher than 5% was determined to be critical for sand transport in the channels and widening the initial conduits into channels. The channel development and releasing of static ground water reserves also influenced chemical composition of ground water emerging in the quarry. In the period of the most intensive channel development in 2001 the ratio of ground water from static reserves on the total amount pumped was 56%. Also in this period the concentration of sulphates in the ground water of the streams in the quarry decreased significantly. In the year 2010 there were...
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Repeated tracer tests under different hydraulic conditions
Paděra, Martin ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Kůrková, Iva (referee)
The thesis deals with tracer tests conducted repeatedly at several sites under different flow rates. Number of parameters vary depending on flow rates, such as mean residence time, tracer concentration and recovery, the character of breakthrough curve. I compared results from various sites, including the results of my own measurements to see if it is some general pattern. As it turned out, generalization is not possible. Mean residence time can decrease with increasing discharge in one system, while it increases in the other one. The same can be said about tracer recovery. Both parameters are controlled mainly by geometry of karst conduits, especialy by volume of phreatic and vadose spaces in individual levels above and below the lowest water table in the system Breakthrough curve plays essential role in the description of the karst system. It's character varies depending on the flow rate and allows to characterize the karst system. By it's interpretation, it is possible to detect or locate bifurcation and describe the water distribution into discrete conduits.
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Hydraulic conductivity of sandstone samples
Kobrlová, Alžběta ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Ondovčin, Tomáš (referee)
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (k) describing the ability of the porous media to allow flow is defined by Darcy's low. Beside pore space properties it depends on the properties of liquid; therefore it is conventionally determined for water at 15 řC. Values of hydraulic conductivity vary between m/s and m/s for sands and sandstones and rises with increasing grain size and porosity. Hydraulic conductivity can be estimated by empirical formulas or measured by laboratory and field methods. Laboratory determination includes the constant head and the falling head permeameter tests. The constant head permeameter test is suitable for material with values of hydraulic conductivity ranging between m/s and m/s; the falling head test for values between m/s and m/s. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is a function of moisture (and pressure head). Retention curve describing the dependence of moisture on pressure head is the basic characteristic of each material. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity can be calculated from the parameters of retention curve and the value of the saturated hydraulic conductivity using Van Genuchten - Mualem formula (1980). Fine grain rocks with small pores have higher values of hydraulic conductivity than coarse grain rocks in condition of significantly negative values of...
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Sandstone moisture measurement: laboratory and field techniques
Sommerová, Anna ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Schweigstillová, Jana (referee)
Summary: In my thesis I reviewed the most used methods for moisture measurements with the focus on sandstone exposures. Concerning direct methods, the gravimetric is used most commonly for the calibration of other methods. Concerning indirect methods I mention radiometric, microwave, resistive and capacity methods. The major part of thesis is dedicated to capacity device TDR (Time Domain Reflektometry), which emits electromagnetics pulses and measures the reflection time at the beginning and the end of the probe. This methodology is nondestructive and is widely used, mainly in pedology. In practical part of Theses I worked with drill cores of sandstone from natural exposures and I detected their mass water content using gravimetric method, their bulk density by laboratory measurements and from those values I calculated volumetric water content. Average value from measured mass water content is 3,3% and from volumetric water content 6,2%. At some localities the moisture content was measured by TDR was measured beside taking drill cores At places where it was possible to compare measurements using TDR with gravimetric method, TDR measurements show usually higher values (in average 1% higher) then gravimetric method. This fact is caused by calibration and accuracy of the device, generally though this TDR...
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Artificial recharge of surface water to aquifer
Čechová, Tereza ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Bruthans, Jiří (referee)
Artificial recharge of surface water to aquifer Tereza Čechová, Geotechnologie Abstract: The bachelor thesis is devoted to groundwater recharge. The source of groundwater is infiltration of atmospheric precipitation. The study deals with the use of controlled artificial recharge in the Czech Republic and the other countries in the Word.
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Combined methods Remediation of groundwater by combination of sodium lactate and zero valent nanoiron
Stejskal, Vojtěch ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Černík, Miroslav (referee)
Vojtěch Stejskal - Diplomová práce 2014 - Přírodovědecká fakulta UK v Praze 4 ABSTRACT The thesis describes pilot applications of combined method - combination of sodium lactate and nanoparticles of zero-valent iron and their synergic effect. Two applications of combined method are described onto two geologically different sites - in Rožmitál pod Třemšínem and Spolchemie in Ústí nad Labem. First site is contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls; contamination is situated in hydraulically well conducted porous media formed by weathered granodiorite. Main contaminants of Spolchemie site are trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, contamination is situated in geologically heterogenous quaternary terrace of Bílina river. Effects of combined method on two different sites were compared and recommendations and conclusions were done. Part of the thesis is research of scientific articles and literature on topics: polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated ethylenes, in situ chemical reduction by sodium lactate and nanoiron, natural conditions of both sites, history of sites. In the thesis are also processed and evaluated results of geophysical investigation, changes of groundwater level and results of groundwater monitoring in view of the application of combined method on both sites.
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Comparison of postoperative analgesia in ICU
Trojanová, Eva ; Bruthans, Jan (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Bohumil (referee)
The thesis deals with comparing the postoperative analgesia with a focus on pacients after hip replacement surgery at the intensive care units. The quantitative study realized at the Fakultní nemocnice v Motole and Nemocnice Třebíč during November 2012 and February 2013. The main task of the theoretical part is to analyze the current trends in the field of post- operativeanalgesia by the patients undergoing hip joint surgery as well as the explanation the basicconcepts of this issue and overviewing the international postoperative pain treatments. The practical part is an objective comparison the postoperative analgesia byselected patients at the Fakultní nemocnice v Motole and Nemocnice Třebíč determined by questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire are processed into graphical representation and subsequently evaluated. The work serves to clarify the overall issue of post-operative analgesia. The focus is mainly on ensuring the quality of postoperative analgesia, the financial requirements administered analgesics and the possible complications associated with the use of analgesic therapy. Key words: Analgesia, pain, hip surgery, visual analogue scale, analgesics
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