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Postauditing in the EIA process
Kohoutová, Michaela ; Braniš, Martin (advisor) ; Lipský, Zdeněk (referee)
Environmental impact assessment (EIA), its key principles and aspects, these are themes discussed worldwide. EIA is useful as an environmental prevention tool but its effectiveness is seen in many cases in a bad light. The causes of the inconsistency between an opinion and the subsequent actual state are manifold and as we can see in the academic literature, it is becoming increasingly necessary to examine the need for monitoring and post-project analysis. Measures for reducing environment risks through monitoring and post-analysis, together with EIA opinions and assessments of its accuracy, are becoming important themes mentioned in the scientific journals. This work comprises a consideration of the choice of adequate methods and initial questions whose correctness is crucial for a successful prediction. Effectiveness of the EIA process depends on an appropriate methodology, existence of data in EIA documentation and other aspects, which are often discussed in the scientific literature. The object of this work is to define the environmental impact assessment (project analysis) in relation to the actual state of the territory (post-project analysis), to describe the advent and the historical aspects of environmental impact assessment in the Czech Republic and abroad, and to compare the correctness and...
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Proximity of schools to sources of air pollution: Estimation of health risk by GIS methods
Strejčková, Denisa ; Braniš, Martin (advisor) ; Kupková, Lucie (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the estimation of potential health risks at schools exposed to traffic-related air aollutants. It is based on the method of a geographic information system (GIS). Road traffic is a source of suspended particles, whose long-term exposure has an effect on the growth of the lower respiratory tract disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, reduction of lung function and cardiovascular disease, especially in the large urban agglomerations. Besides the long and seriously ill and the elderly, children belongs to the particularly vulnerable group of population. Children used to spend a great deal of time at schools. Many scientific studies have found associacions between proximity to traffic and increased risk of respiratory disease and a slower development of lung function among children attending schools close to busy roads. One of the aims of this study is to locate elementary schools in the region of Prague by GIS techniques and examine, whether the aquality of air in the place where schools stands to is influenced by the traffic air pollution. Although the estimation of the potential health risk is based on indirect methods of GIS, it is possible, that high concentrations of pollutants could infiltrate into the most exposed schools and cause adverse health effects,...
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