National Repository of Grey Literature 52 records found  previous11 - 20nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
High-throughput screening for the discovery of small molecules modulating cell fate
Ribeiro Pombinho, António José ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Bařinka, Cyril (referee) ; Jiráček, Jiří (referee)
The discovery of chemical compounds able to modify the way cells proliferate, differentiate or die can lead not only to the formulation of new drugs for disease treatment or prevention but also to their use as biological probes in the study of the molecular pathways involved in these processes. In order to test thousands of these small molecules in cellular assays, instrument automation and assay miniaturization are necessary. In this thesis, applications of High-Throughput Screening campaigns are described. The Hypoxia and Wnt pathways involved in stem and cancer cell proliferation; the differentiation of hematopoietic, neural and mesenchymal stem cells; and the TRAIL pathway leading to selective cancer cells death were the main subjects chosen. With this approach, it was possible to test the effect of small molecules in eukaryotic cells and in unicellular organisms as exemplified by the search of compounds leading to the death of the protozoan parasite Leishmania. Several chemical compounds were identified as active in modulating cell fate. Of remark were: Monensin that inhibits the Wnt pathway and prevents the growth of tumors in a mouse model of colorectal cancer; Homoharringtonine that, only in combination with TRAIL, induces the death of cancer cells implanted in immunodeficient mice; and...
Dying and Death on ICU
Pfefferová, Eva ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Honzák, Radkin (referee)
Thesis deals with death and dying on intensive care wards from the perspective of nurses. In the theoretical part are concepts such as death, dying, Thanatology etc. explained. The work also highlights the status of nurses in palliative care. In the last chapter of the theoretical part is briefly described the type of workplace of ICU, care of patient in this ward and patients needs . Empirical part of this work is focused on finding out problems and feelings eventually knowledge of nurses working on the ICU for the care of dying and dead. To obtain data for research part was chosen quantitative research, data collection techniques structured questionnaire. There were chosen 4 goals of this thesis. Objective 1: Identify the most common feelings of nurses working on the ICU during the care of dying and death. The second goal: Identify what is most frustrating for nurses during the care of dying and death on the ICU. The goal 3: Investigate hierarchy of dying patients needs from the perspective of nurses working on the ICU. Goal 4: Identify interest of nurses working on the ICU in further education in the sphere of care of the dying and the provision of palliative care at the ICU.
Care of patients udergouing aortocoronary bypass grafting
Kozlová, Ivana ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Grus, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis deals with coronary heart disease and focuses primarily on the surgical treatment and postoperative care. The theoretical part contains: anatomy and 5 physiology of heart and blood circulation; brief description of coronary heart disease; its preventative and non-surgical options of treatment; surgical revascularization of myocardium and lastly also care of patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass grafting from medical and paramedical point of view. Empirical part of dissertation is aimed to be a comparison of levels of knowledge of students attending further university education Intensive care and nurses working in postoperative wards of intensive care in VFN in Prague and FNKV in Prague. To obtain the data was used quantitative research method - the method of the knowledge test. On the basis of the results of the research was created educational brochure focused on the drugs given to patients in postoperative period.
DISP3/PTCHD2 function in neural cells
Konířová, Jana ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Anděrová, Miroslava (referee) ; Pacherník, Jiří (referee)
DISP3 protein, also known as PTCHD2, belongs to the PTCHD family of proteins, which contain a sterol-sensing domain in their structure. The expression of the Disp3 gene is high in neural tissues and is regulated by thyroid hormone. The DISP3 gene is associated with development and progression of certain types of tumors, as well as with development of some neural pathologies. Neural stem cells also display high expression of the Disp3 gene. Neural stem cells are defined by their capability to self-renewal and capacity to differentiate into the basic types of neural cells - neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Precise regulation of the balance between proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells is crucial for development of the central nervous system and its subsequent proper functioning, and disruption of this balance may lead to development of various pathologies. In this work we mainly focused on describing the function of the DISP3 protein in neural cells and tissues. We have shown that during differentiation of neural stem cells, the expression of the Disp3 gene is significant decreased. Furthermore, we have found that in neural stem and progenitor cells, the increased expression of the Disp3 gene promotes their proliferation. Moreover, when Disp3 expression was disrupted, the...
Complete Care of Pacient with Acute Rupture of Aneurysm of Abdominal Aortis
Swárovská, Jana ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Grus, Tomáš (referee)
The author introduces in her final work the summary of complex care of patient with rupture of aneuryzm of abdominal aortae in 6 case studies. In comparison with diffrent cases she introduces in summarry the most important aspects of care, which can significantly influence the next prognosis of patient. Similarly as the scheme of today vision of the world also the care about patient is global, complex and holistic. It is not possible to pass over in silence neither of factors of personality, desease, save system and hospital team. On the base of her long standing experience of nurce in acute attendant care in vascular surgery department, the author draw ours attention on the main important moments of care of patient with life - threatened indisposition and indikates the way to the standardization of procedures, of course by observance of individual and empathic approach of sanitary staff. Within work on project of final work the author except of her professional experience uses also scientific methods, as recognizing of reality and verification of hypothesis. (like secondary data analysis)
The role of Kit ligands in hematopoiesis of Danio rerio
Oltová, Jana ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Živný, Jan (referee) ; Divoký, Vladimír (referee)
Hematopoiesis is a precisely regulated process, dependent on the activity of hematopoietic cytokines and their receptors. Due to an extra round of whole genome duplication in teleost fish, two paralogs of many important genes, including some hematopoietic cytokines and their receptors, are present in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) genome. In this project, we have been investigating the role of zebrafish Kit ligands in hematopoiesis. Kit ligand is a pleiotropic cytokine, which is essential for vertebrate erythropoiesis; however, in zebrafish, no such role has been reported so far. To determine the function of zebrafish paralogs of Kit ligand (Kitlga and Kitlgb) in hematopoiesis, we performed in vivo and ex vivo gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Strikingly, we were the first to report the synergistic cooperation of zebrafish Kitlga with erythropoietin and dexamethasone, enabling the growth of kidney marrow-derived suspension cells and providing optimal conditions for the expansion of adult erythroid progenitors. We assume that by using different cytokine combinations, optimal conditions for the growth of other hematopoietic cell types can be established, and therefore, this new approach now available for the...
Role of Rnf207b in zebrafish hematopoiesis
Vondráková, Zuzana ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Živný, Jan (referee)
Hematopoiesis is the process of proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells. Regulation of hematopoiesis is a complex process, which takes place on many different levels and is directed by many signals. RNF207 is one of the perspective genes chosen based on a screen in chicken model, where obtained data show its role in hematopoiesis. The aim of this work was to confirm the role of rnf207b as a new regulator of hematopoiesis in Danio rerio and to find out on which level of hematopoiesis is active. Danio rerio is an excellent model to study the function of genes in vivo, thanks to the easy manipulation of genetic expression and wide range of phenotypes during the development. To study the effect of rnf207b in hematopoiesis of Danio rerio we performed the knock-down of this gene by microinjection of morpholino oligonucleotides into one cell stage embryos. In these injected fish, we saw the effect in both thrombocyte and erythroid lineage, suggesting that rnf207b could be a regulator at the hierarchical level of progenitors or even more upstream. The results of developmental and tissue specific expression analysis then show that expression of rnf207b begins as early as 18 hpf, at the time of primitive hematopoiesis. Although rnf207b is expressed in the kidney (an...
The study of Xenopus tropicalis testis-derived stem cells
Nguyen, Thi Minh Xuan ; Krylov, Vladimír (advisor) ; Bartůněk, Petr (referee) ; Hovořáková, Mária (referee)
The study of Xenopus tropicalis testis-derived stem cells Nguyen Thi Minh Xuan Abstract The substances secreted by Sertoli cells (SCs) are crucial to determine male sex characteristics in embryos and regulate spermatogenesis in adulthood. The failure in SC maturation can cause sterility in men. Before puberty, SCs keep the ability to proliferate and have been considered as immature cells. They differ remarkably from mature cells in connection with their morphology and biochemical activity and thus they probably play a part in maintaining spermatogonia stem cells in an undifferentiated stage. The transient presence of cytokeratin in immature SCs has been reported in many species, but not in Xenopus yet. We investigated which molecules are expressing only in immature Sertoli cells of X. tropicalis testes. The regulation of cytokeratin and β-catenin was revealed by fluorescent immunostaining. Cytokeratin and membrane β-catenin co- expressed in X.tropicalis juvenile testes and in cultured SC progenitors, called XtiSCs, but they were absent in adulthood. There was no signal of cytokeratin in migrating SCs (pre-SCs) located outside the seminiferous tubules. The suppression of cytokeratin along with the breakdown of β-catenin-based cell contacts have been observed in XtiSCs after the treatment with a small...
DISP3/PTCHD2 function in neural cells
Konířová, Jana ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Anděrová, Miroslava (referee) ; Pacherník, Jiří (referee)
DISP3 protein, also known as PTCHD2, belongs to the PTCHD family of proteins, which contain a sterol-sensing domain in their structure. The expression of the Disp3 gene is high in neural tissues and is regulated by thyroid hormone. The DISP3 gene is associated with development and progression of certain types of tumors, as well as with development of some neural pathologies. Neural stem cells also display high expression of the Disp3 gene. Neural stem cells are defined by their capability to self-renewal and capacity to differentiate into the basic types of neural cells - neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Precise regulation of the balance between proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells is crucial for development of the central nervous system and its subsequent proper functioning, and disruption of this balance may lead to development of various pathologies. In this work we mainly focused on describing the function of the DISP3 protein in neural cells and tissues. We have shown that during differentiation of neural stem cells, the expression of the Disp3 gene is significant decreased. Furthermore, we have found that in neural stem and progenitor cells, the increased expression of the Disp3 gene promotes their proliferation. Moreover, when Disp3 expression was disrupted, the...

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