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Systems approach to determining the environmental damage during the transport of hazardous chemical substances
Popelová, Barbora ; Božek,, František (referee) ; Balog, Karol (referee) ; Kledus, Robert (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
Current status of the environmental damage amount determination is mainly focused on the long-term consequences of negative factors, such as transport and industry emissions. Significant damages however, could be caused as a result of short-term effects, such as events with leakage of the hazardous chemicals. These situations are caused by accidents during the hazardous substances transportation, when the material is leaked as a result of faults on the vehicle or during a traffic accident. Damages that are subsequently being dealt with, in most cases reflect only the costs associated with the liquidation and remediation of the affected area. However it is important to note that since the inception of the damage until the return of the environment to its original state, if at all possible, there are many changes increasing other related costs associated with their solving. An example is the inability to use the functions that the damaged area provided. The aim of the thesis was therefore thoroughly analyze the current state of determining the amount of damage to the environment, to analyze appropriate methods for the unification process in the framework of expert activities and propose a systematic approach to improve the determination. The proposed procedure was subsequently implemented in a software tool that should be available for the needs of experts.
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Systems approach to determining the environmental damage during the transport of hazardous chemical substances
Popelová, Barbora ; Božek,, František (referee) ; Balog, Karol (referee) ; Kledus, Robert (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
Current status of the environmental damage amount determination is mainly focused on the long-term consequences of negative factors, such as transport and industry emissions. Significant damages however, could be caused as a result of short-term effects, such as events with leakage of the hazardous chemicals. These situations are caused by accidents during the hazardous substances transportation, when the material is leaked as a result of faults on the vehicle or during a traffic accident. Damages that are subsequently being dealt with, in most cases reflect only the costs associated with the liquidation and remediation of the affected area. However it is important to note that since the inception of the damage until the return of the environment to its original state, if at all possible, there are many changes increasing other related costs associated with their solving. An example is the inability to use the functions that the damaged area provided. The aim of the thesis was therefore thoroughly analyze the current state of determining the amount of damage to the environment, to analyze appropriate methods for the unification process in the framework of expert activities and propose a systematic approach to improve the determination. The proposed procedure was subsequently implemented in a software tool that should be available for the needs of experts.
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Methods of investigation of tendency to spontaneous ignition of solid materials wetted with a liquid
Hrušovský, Ivan ; Balog, Karol ; Martinka, Jozef
If a solid material of large surface area is contaminated with a liquid with a propensity to low-temperature thermal oxidation (most often oil high in unsaturated fatty acids), under certain conditions it can self-ignite. To identify the tendency to self-ignition of substances, there have been developed a number of methods, such as differential Mackey test, or recommended the use of other classical methods of thermal analysis, which however are not suited for the analysis of samples of larger volume. DTA and ARC appear to be among the best methods of thermal analysis, for the evaluation of dynamic and kinetic parameters of the process of self-heating of such samples.
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Flammability of materials and forensic approach in fire investigation
Balog, Karol ; Martinka, Jozef ; Chrebet, Tomáš ; Hrušovský, Ivan ; Hirle, Siegfried
The paper deals with the application of new methods for determining the flammability of materials by fire investigation. A common cause of fires is ignition or spontaneuos ignition. Fires of liquid and solid materials have different mechanisms of initiation. Standardized laboratory tests provided flammability parameters may lead to misinterpretation initiation of fire. Use of modern methods such as conical calorimeter, safety calorimeter, thermal analysis and fire modelling are used to simulate conditions close to the fire. In terms of forensic approach using the selected methods to determined conditions for the initiation of solid materials fire.
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