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Geological paths – their use for the regional geography teaching
Kubalíková, Lucie ; Drápela, E. ; Bajer, A. ; Zapletalová, D. ; Balková, M. ; Zágoršek, K. ; Kirchner, Karel ; Kuda, František ; Roštínský, Pavel
Geological paths (geopaths, geotrails) represent a type of educational paths that connect sites, which are interesting from the Earth-sciences point of view. These sites (e.g. outcrops, old quarries, historical buildings built of local stone or viewpoints) often represent the links between geodiversity and other phenomena within a region (which is in accordance with a holistic approach to geotourism). Thus, they can give complex information not only about the abiotic nature but also about biodiversity, history or culture of the region, usually through narrative. Suitable interpretation of geodiversity and its relationships to the biodiversity and cultural heritage allows to identify regional specifics, it helps to find the mutual connections between particular phenomena within the region and it supports the holistic perception of a given region. The contribution presents an example from the Brno city where the urban geopath can be used for teaching regional geography of Brno and its surroundings.
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New opportunities for geotourism development at geoarcheological site Holedná Hill (Brno, Czech Republic)
Kubalíková, Lucie ; Kirchner, Karel ; Kuda, František
Special Interest Tourism is often seen as a form of ‘alternative’, ‘ethical’ or ‘environmentally responsible’ tourism and it occurs when the tourists’ motivation and decision-making are primarily determined by a particular special interest with a focus either on activities and/or destinations and settings and search for novel experiences (Novotná et al. 2019). \nOne of the types of sites are called geocultural sites (Reynard and Giusti 2018). Geoarcheological sites can be considered a type of geocultural sites and can be defined as sites where geological aspects are accompanied and closely related to archaeological issues. \nThe Holedná Hill (Brno, Czech Republic) can be considered an example of such geoarcheological site. It is important from the Earth-science point of view and it includes specific archaeological issues that are closely related to the geodiversity. This paper briefly sums the natural and cultural values of Holedná Hill and based on the geomorphosite assessment and SWOT analysis.\n
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Old quarries in Brno city: a bridge between natural and cultural heritage
Kubalíková, Lucie
Thanks to its position on the border of two important geological units (Bohemian Massif and Western Carpathian), Brno City possesses high lithological and morphological diversity. These geodiversity aspects significantly influenced the historical development of the city, its urban settings and the availability or use of natural resources. The history of exploitation of natural resources begins in the Palaeolothic (flints on Stránská skála), however, the quarrying itself dates to the Early Middle Age – e.g. the extraction of limestones at Hády and Stránská skála, Old Red sandstones and conglomerate at Červný kopec. Currently, there are tens of abandoned quarries and pits within Brno city, which give testimony about the geological history and history of use of the natural resources. These extraction sites are often protected by law as Natural Monuments or Reserves or Important Landscape Elements. Thanks to their values they represent an important resource of the knowledge in the Earth-sciences (paleontology, stratigraphy, speleology), but they have often the significance from the cultural and historical point of view (use of the material for local architecture, anthropogenic landforms related to mining, influence on the urban development). Quarries thus represent a bridge between natural and cultural landscape features or between natural and cultural heritage. The research on quarries (or extraction sites) can bring new insights into the problem of an integrated approach to the protection and conservation of natural and cultural heritage.
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Developing urban geotourism in Brno (Czech Republic)
Kubalíková, Lucie ; Kirchner, Karel ; Bajer, A. ; Balková, M. ; Kuda, František
The term “urban geotourism” is defined as tourism based on the places within the city boundary (both in the form of built heritage - monuments, buildings, statues - and rock outcrops) that is related to geological concepts and features. As a first step for the development of urban geotourism it is necessary to identify and inventory the geotourist resources, which should take into account both natural (geological, geomorphological, hydrological or palaeontological, and ecological aspects related to geodiversity), and cultural aspects related to geodiversity (e.g. monuments, building stone, geo-toponyms, anthropogenic landforms). Based on the classification of geotourist sites, selected examples from Brno (Czech Republic) are given, supplemented by geotourist and geo-educational activities. In the conclusion, the advantages of urban geotourism are summarized and its importance for the protection of abiotic nature and sustainable management of valuable sites is suggested.\n\n
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Cultural functions and services of geodiversity within urban areas (with a special regard on tourism and recreation)
Kubalíková, Lucie ; Bajer, A. ; Drápela, E. ; Zapletalová, D. ; Kirchner, Karel ; Balková, M. ; Zágoršek, K. ; Kuda, František ; Roštínský, Pavel
Geodiversity (or abiotic nature) within urban areas has numerous functions and offers various benefits and services. In addition, it has strong links to cultural heritage and historical aspects and it influences and is influenced by urban development and planning. The geodiversity functions and services can be sorted according to the ecosystem services approach: regulating, supporting, provisioning and cultural services. The last mentioned includes a wide spectrum of aspects (spiritual, religious, historical, archaeological, social, artistic, sense of place etc.) and besides this, it encompasses also the tourist and recreational functions which are (in some cases) unexplored and underestimated in urban areas. The paper presents examples from two different Czech cities – Brno and Liberec. Selected geocultural sites are described and assessed and specific proposals for tourist, recreational and educational use are outlined. The results of evaluation show that they can represent an interesting alternative to the traditional tourist destinations within urban areas.
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