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Camps and waters: Malý Medvědí Tábor as part of a North Bohemian Mesolithic landscape
Svoboda, Jiří ; Novák, J. ; Novák, Martin ; Pokorný, P. ; Sázelová, Sandra
The paper introduces a newly discovered Mesolithic rock shelter Malý medvědí tabor, located in the canyon of the Svitávka River. The excavation revealed intact Mesolithic layers, rich in charcoals and a hearth feature outlined by sandstone blocks. Analyses of the environmental data, fauna, and lithic artefacts are included. In sum, the occupation of the rock shelter was rather episodic, nevertheless the site is of domestic character, as suggested by the richness and character of artefacts. The surrounding vegetation can be reconstructed as a sparse pine forests with common spread of hazel, oak and early successional vegetation with aspen and birch. Given a presence of a nearby peat-bog at Velenice, this new site serves as an important reference point for prehistoric human presence in the Svitavka river valley.
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Dolní Věstonice II: a complex of sites with different chrono-cultural occupations. Preliminary results of the study of lithic assemblages
Polanská, M. ; Novák, Martin
The scope of our study is directed to evaluation of each lithic assemblage from Dolní Věstonice II site and to characterize the technical systems of their production in order to understand the fine chrono-cultural seriation. The complex of sites at Dolní Věstonice II, dated to 30-23 ky uncal BP, includes the assemblages represented by clearly defined samples and another assemblages where the cultural attribution is still questionable. If some occupations certainly belong to the Pavlovian, others may be attributed as Gravettian, or even Upper Gravettian. Changes are visible in the procurement of raw material, and in technical systems of production and typological features.
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Using GPS and map applications for Paleolithic site surveys in Moravia
Škrdla, Petr ; Rychtaříková, T. ; Nejman, L.
The application of GPS & digital mapping can be considered as the most significant improvement to the surface survey method. The EUP project carried out in 2008–2012 has resulted in a notable increase in the number of stratified Early Upper Palaeolithic sites in Moravia. Systematic research at a number of these sites has the potential to add to the knowledge base about this period. Most of the EUP sites were relocated, their coordinates were recorded and several new sites were discovered by applying the settlement strategy approach.
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Reconstruction possibilities of Brno 2 shaman burial. A palaeoethnological study
Balák, L. ; Nývltová Fišáková, Miriam ; Škrdla, Petr
Alexander Makowski discovered Brno 2 grave on current Francouzská street during a sewage building in 1891. He published a list of finds with basic description of their position within the grave next year. Unfortunately, no plan nor sketch was published, what causing reconstruction attempt more difficult. Althought thje material from this burial was several times reanalysed, no scientific reconstruction of burial situacion were made. Therefore, with the 120 anniversary of the dicovery, we present basic ideas for burial recosntruction.
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Elisabetta Gagetti
Kavánová, Blanka
The Mikulčice site yielded tree finds of engraved semi-precious stones from classical times (the most of all the Great-Moravian sites). They are dated to the time around 875 AD and are the oldest example of a secondary use of gems, which in other areas, for example in temple treasures in the Rhine and Mosel region, occurs in 10 and 11 century.
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Study of skeletal residues degradation using infrared spektroskoscopy
Vitešníková, A ; Prokeš, L. ; Nývltová Fišáková, Miriam ; Drozdová, E. ; Kouřil, Pavel ; Stabrava, Pavel ; Gryc, Jana
Infrared spectroscopy is one of the most frequent method used for identi'cation of various materials. Method was used in this study for characterisation of postmortal degradation of skeletal residues. An Essentials importance for preservation or degradation of bone tissue have the qualities of surrounding soil – mainly pH level and humidity. In acidic surroundings the mineral composition of bone – hydroxyapatite Ca5(PO4)3OH is gradually melt, which can 'nally eventuate in decalci'cation of bone tissue. Another result of the acidic environment is recrystalization of hydroxyapatite into the other mineral called bruslit (CaHPO4 . 2 H2O). Brushit occurence was approved in bones of Dietrichstein family members, who were buried in a family crypt in Mikulov. A speci'c factor in.uencing degradation of bones is high temperature. FTIR spectroscopy can be used to dif- ferentiate between burnt or unburnt bones and thanks to this method the temperature of cremation and the burning conditions can be successfully estimated. Bone residues coming from the necropolis in Přibor (the Bronz Age, the Iron Age) and also animal residues from Chotěbuz-Podo- bora were analysed.
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Roman fortifications on the barbarian territory in the Middle Danube Region during Marcomannic wars – introduction and perspectives
Komoróczy, Balázs
Intensive terrain and theoretical archaeological research aimed to the period of the Marcomannic wars continuously brings new information about the subject. Interpretation of the archaeological evidences of the Roman military impact into the Germanic territories (Moravia, Slovakia and Lower Austria) requires a complex approach. The main objective of the paper is to deliver a revised outline of already known Roman military fortification, complemented with up-to-date results of the systematical research in the area occupied by Roman military power on the cadastre of ceased village Mušov. Analyses of the available sources - together with the latest findings from the Germanic settlements dated to the periods around the Marcomannic wars - show extraordinary intensity, exceptional geographical extent and deep social impact of the Roman military power on the Marcomannian and Quadian territories during the period from 172 to 180 AD.
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