National Repository of Grey Literature 54 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Use of the Agrorisk.cz portal – an early warning system against the negative effects of weather on agriculture
Žalud, Zdeněk ; Svobodová, Eva ; Klem, Karel ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Zahradníček, Pavel ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Bláhová, Monika ; Kudláčková, Lucie ; Balek, Jan
The early warning system against negative weather effects offers a daily updated description of abiotic and selected biotic risks threatening field production at the cadastral level. It includes their 9-day forecast. The methodology is primarily intended for agronomists,plant doctors and agricultural managers, as well as scientists, agricultural consultants and representatives of public administration.
Modelling the onset of phenological phases of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Dížková, Petra ; Bartošová, Lenka ; Hájková, L. ; Balek, Jan ; Bláhová, Monika ; Bohuslav, Jakub ; Pohanková, Eva ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Žalud, Zdeněk
The onset of phenological phases of plant species is influenced mainly by air temperature. Each phenophase has its temperature limits (base temperature and temperature sum), which must be reached for each phase to occur. With knowledge of these limits, it is possible to predict the onset of phenological phases in localities where only meteorological data are available and also in future climate conditions. In this work, we used phenological ground-based data from 33 stations within the Czech Republic to calculate the most relevant meteorological predictors. PhenoClim software was used for phenological and meteorological data calibration and modelling. The smallest error that allows us to predict the term of the phenophases was found for the heading of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), as the best predictor was the maximum daily temperature and the statistical error was 3.6 days.
Comparing of observed and simulated field crop production in HERMES2Go model at Hněvčeves locality
Bohuslav, Jakub ; Kersebaum, Kurt Christian ; Madaras, M. ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Žalud, Zdeněk
The main objective of this study was calibration and testing of crop growth model \nHERMES2Go under long–term field experiment in Hněvčeves locality (coordinate 50°18´N, 15°43´E, \naltitude 265 m.a.s.l.). Observed data of yields and the other parameters like a weather data, soil \nparameters, management practice, phenology phases etc. monitored in last 38 years was used for model \ncalibration. Input parameters were available for 4 different fertilizer practices: i) control, ii) manure, iii) \nmineral fertilizer and iv) manure together with mineral fertilizer on each plot. Observed data are \navailable for yields of main and by–product and above ground biomass. The main grown crops were \nsugar beet, spring barley, winter wheat, silage maize, oat and alfalfa. Outputs of the model for main \nproduct are relatively accurate, but values of by–product requires additional calibration parameters \nsettings together with above–ground biomass.
Risk assessment and prediction of natural fires in the immediate vicinity\nsurface sources of drinking water.
Trnka, Miroslav ; Kudláčková, Lucie ; Čermák, P. ; Balek, Jan ; Novotný, Jan ; Homolová, Lucie ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Brovkina, Olga ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Zahradníček, Pavel ; Skalák, Petr ; Bláhová, Monika ; Benáček, Patrik ; Fischer, Milan ; Sedlák, Pavel ; Janouš, Dalibor ; Žalud, Zdeněk ; Marek, Michal V. ; Možný, M. ; Hájková, L. ; Chuchma, F. ; Knozová, G. ; Beranová, J. ; Zatloukal, V. ; Albert, J. ; Mašková, R. ; Cienciala, E. ; Vizina, A. ; Nesládková, M. ; Melišová, E. ; Hanel, M.
The methodology formulates a procedure for assessing the risks of the occurrence and spread of natural fires in the immediate vicinity of surface sources of drinking water. The methodology\nproposes methods for estimating the consequences of natural fires on surface water quality, forecasting the change in the risk of fires due to climate change and the procedure for determining the risk of secondary pollution of reservoirs due to changes in run off after a natural fire. On this basis, the methodology proposes and diversifies preventíve and operational measures.The measures were designed in connection to modeling results for the Hadce pilot síte near the Švihov reservoir and the experience with the adverse effects of extensive deforestation on the water quality in the Vranov and Vír reservoirs.
Czech-Meissen Frontier in the Time of the Reign of Jan of Luxembourg
Machková, Irena ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Žalud, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the process of creating power-political support by the governor and focuses on the border area of the north-west and partly also north Bohemia. It is trying to present methods of the Czech monarch with which he could overcome a strong interior opposition including leading members of the Czech aristocracy such as John of Vartemberk and create a system of power support with which he could accomplish plans of his internal and foreign policies. It is therefore trying to determine to what extent the Czech king, John of Bohemia, employed Western European feudal principles, dynastic policy and also influence of municipality as a means of creating support in strategically important regions and how successful he was in his activity. A view of the expansive activities of the Czech governors in the Czech-Meissen area in 11-13th century and in connection with it also a brief outline of the expansive concern of the Premyslid dynasty competitors on the other side of the border, margraves of Meissen and since 1248 also landgraves of Thuringia of House of Wettin is also a part of this bachelor's thesis. Key Words: Jan of Luxembourg, Czech-Meissen frontier, nord-west and nord Bohemia, royal town Ústí nad Labem, house of Wettin, nobility, process of formation of the power of the...
The French Pox in the 16th Century Medical Consilia
Divišová, Bohdana ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Žalud, Zdeněk (referee) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
Summary: Consilia played an important role in medieval but also early modern professional health literature. Literary "consilium" contained a written statement of one particular case, the patient's condition and disease as well as advice on a medical procedure where a doctor in accordance with the contemporary discourse analyzed symptoms, determined the diagnosis, prognosis and recommended its pharmacological treatment including possible technical interventions (venesection etc.). In the 16th century, the Consilia Literature was a common part of many eminent physicians' practice whereas nowadays it is unjustly neglected source of history of medicine, pharmacology, dietetics and so on. The first part of the dissertation is devoted to the definition of genre, the initial stages of its development and description of the specifics of the Middle Ages. However the results of fifteen eminent physicians of Italy (B. Vettori, G. B. Da Monte, V. Trincavelli, A. M. Venusti, G. Capodivaccio, C. Guarinoni), France (J. Fernel, G. de Baillou) and of the German-speaking areas of Central Europe (J. Crato, R. Solenander, L. Scholz, D. Cornarius, J. Wittich, T. Mermann, J. Matthaeus), became the main theme of work of early modern consultative collections. On examination of nearly seven thousand consilia from twenty two...
System of natural fire risk indicators (verification of various risk assessment procedures occurrence of natural fires) including instructions for the use of the integrated forecast system
Trnka, Miroslav ; Čermák, Petr ; Kudláčková, Lucie ; Balek, Jan ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Brovkina, Olga ; Zemek, František ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Zahradníček, Pavel ; Skalák, Petr ; Bláhová, Monika ; Jurečka, František ; Janouš, Dalibor ; Žalud, Zdeněk ; Marek, Michal V. ; Cienciala, Emil ; Beranová, J. ; Zatloukal, V. ; Albert, J. ; Tumajer, J. ; Možný, M. ; Hájková, L. ; Chuchma, F.
The presented methodology represents an improvement of the currently used system of wildfire monitoring and forecast. Based on extensive testing, it defines two fire weather indices. The method shows how the combination of both indices can lead to robust fire risk estimates. Both indices were uset to generate a forecast of fire weather, but also to quantify th erelationship between the frequency of favorable conditions for the occurrence of natural fires and their observed numbers, in several time steps (from 1 day to the entire season) The methodology has been implemented within the www. firerisk.cz portal, where it serves as a tool for operational fire risk forecasting. The text of the methodology therefore contains instructions for using the menthodology therefore contains instructions for using the firerick.cz portal. Great attention is paid in the methodology to the aspect of climate change and estimating the impact of this phenomenon on the frequency of wildfires in the Czech republic.
COMPARISON OF ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FROM ALEXI AND SOILCLIM MODELS
Jurečka, František ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Lukas, Vojtěch ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Anderson, M. ; Hain, C. ; Balek, Jan ; Bláhová, Monika ; Žalud, Zdeněk
Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) determined by the Atmosphere-land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) model and water balance model SoilClim was compared for selected districts of the Czech Republic. The ALEXI model uses the land surface temperature (LST) from remote sensing and provides information on ETa and subsequently the surface moisture status. The SoilClim is a dynamic model of watcr content in soil and represents a model based on water balance approach. The current version of the model is able to estimate the value of ETa, as well as soil moisture content in two layers of the soil profile. Investigated period of ETa comparison were years 2014 and 2015. Especially the year 2015 had a special relevance due to the significant summer drought that occurred in CR. Model performance was compared for the period when changes in vegetation are most significant from April to August. Week sums of ETa from both models were compared at the district level for Vysodina, JihomorayskY and Olomouck, regions. The ETa values were generally higher from ALEXI as compared to SoilClim. ALEXI values were in some cases even two or three time higher. Moreover, the seasonal dynamics showed sometimes opposite trends. As this is a pilot testing of ALEXI based ETa in the conditions of Central Europe and show large differences as compared to well established methods, more detailed testing is required prior drawing any general conclusions.
Regional yield forecasting for improved decision making in the plant production
Trnka, Miroslav ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Kudláčková, Lucie ; Balek, Jan ; Meitner, Jan ; Možný, Martin ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Bartošová, Lenka ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Bláhová, Monika ; Lukas, Vojtěch ; Žalud, Zdeněk
The methodology describes how to predict yields of key crops, and at the same time addresses reliability of the predictions and how these can be used. The ability to predict yield levels more than 2 months prior the harvest on the level of regions (NUTS3¨) and districts (LAU1) brings also new opportunities to mitigate impacts of adverse conditions. The methodology shows that the yield forecasts and yield anomalies in particular are consistent and usable in practices. In this methodology, the results of 2018 yield forecasts are presented as an example. The yield forecasting system for the Czech Republic is fully functional and is and will be available through www.vynosy-plodin.cz.
Using growth models to evaluate field crops management practices and influence on soil processes
Hlavinka, Petr ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Balek, Jan ; Dubrovský, Martin ; Pohanková, Eva ; Wimmerová, Markéta ; Žalud, Zdeněk
The publication describes the application of growth model for evaluation of different farming methods in the cultivation of selected field crops and their influence on selected soil processes and conditions. This publication focuses on complex simulations in the soil-plant-atmosphere-farmer interaction system using the HERMES model. The ability to simulate processes in crop rotation scheme continuously and uninterruptedly (e.g. over a period of more than 100 years) gives the opportunity to assess the long-term trends in soil processes, both due to different approaches to farming and combined with selected location and soil conditions. It is possible also for selected scenarios of climate change in future. This material presents both the outputs for weather conditions without any considered climate change and conditions reflecting the shift in climatic conditions during the 21st century based on 6 selected climatic scenarios. The expected impacts on the growth and yields of the target field crops are also quantified for the selected combination of conditions.

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