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Extracellular microRNAs in hematological malignancies and their use for diagnosis and treatment monitoring
Šulcová, Dominika ; Pospíšil, Vít (advisor) ; Čermák, Vladimír (referee)
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level by interfering with mRNA translation and stability. Recently, microRNAs were surprisingly found to be present in various body fluids including blood plasma and serum, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, milk or urine. These extracellular microRNAs are resistant to RNases and stable in high temperature or pH. Extreme stability of extracellular microRNAs is caused by their association with protective protein complexes (mostly with Argonaute proteins). MicroRNAs are frequently deregulated in cancer and specific tumor- related microRNAs can be also detected in body fluids, indicating that extracellular microRNAs can be used as tumor specific markers. This Bachelor thesis reviews basic principles of microRNA function and biogenesis with focus on extracellular microRNAs and their role in intercellular communication, and it highlights the role of extracellular microRNAs in hematological malignancies and their possible use in diagnosis and treatment.
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The role of spinal TRPV1 receptors in nociceptive signalling and the modulatory effect of chemokine CCL2 and µ-opioid receptor agonists
Šulcová, Dominika ; Paleček, Jiří (advisor) ; Krůšek, Jan (referee)
The first nociceptive synapse in the spinal cord dorsal horn represents an important site, where nociceptive synaptic transmission can be modulated under pathological conditions. One of the modulatory mechanism involves activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) that is expressed on central terminals of primary nociceptive neurons, where it regulates release of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. Previous studies suggested that changes in TRPV1 activity may be related to effects of chemokine CCL2 (C-C motif ligand 2) and may be also involved in synaptic transmission modulation after µ-opioid receptors (MOP-R) activation. Because CCL2 receptors CCR2 often co-localize with TRPV1 and MOP-R, the goal of this work was to studypossible interactions of these receptors on the pre-synaptic endings of primaryafferents in the spinal cord dorsal horn and their role in nociceptive signalling under pathological conditions. The presented thesis focused on the effect of CCL2 during peripheral neuropathy and its interference with µ-opioid receptor activation. To studysynaptic transmission at the spinal cord level, patch-clamp recordings of excitatory post-synaptic currents (EPSC) in superficial spinal cord dorsal horn neurons in acute lumbar spinal cord slices from rats was used....
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Comparison of electrostimulation systems WalkAide and NESS L300 in therapy of foot drop in patients after stroke.
Šulcová, Dominika ; Jeníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Drábová, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part provides a brief introduction into problematics of disability of stroke patients and mainly focuses on gait impairment, specifically on foot drop syndrome that affects about 20% of all stroke patients. Following section contains characterization of functional electrical stimulation and its application to the peroneal nerve, which is used in therapy of foot drop. The theoretical part is then concluded by neat description of two peroneal stimulators that are currently available in Czech Republic, systems WalkAide® and NESS L300®. The practical part includes therapy records of two stroke patients, in which both mentioned devices were used, and filled questionnaires that were directed to representatives of distributor companies. These documets focus on financial problematics of systems in question. The outcome of the practical part is a comprehensive overview that summarizes the use of both stimulators in therapy of foot drop and their accessibility for patients in Czech Republic. All gathered facts about WalkAide® and NESS L300® are then systematically compared and evaluated from the perspective of a therapist and a patient. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Extracellular microRNAs in hematological malignancies and their use for diagnosis and treatment monitoring
Šulcová, Dominika ; Pospíšil, Vít (advisor) ; Čermák, Vladimír (referee)
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level by interfering with mRNA translation and stability. Recently, microRNAs were surprisingly found to be present in various body fluids including blood plasma and serum, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, milk or urine. These extracellular microRNAs are resistant to RNases and stable in high temperature or pH. Extreme stability of extracellular microRNAs is caused by their association with protective protein complexes (mostly with Argonaute proteins). MicroRNAs are frequently deregulated in cancer and specific tumor- related microRNAs can be also detected in body fluids, indicating that extracellular microRNAs can be used as tumor specific markers. This Bachelor thesis reviews basic principles of microRNA function and biogenesis with focus on extracellular microRNAs and their role in intercellular communication, and it highlights the role of extracellular microRNAs in hematological malignancies and their possible use in diagnosis and treatment.
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