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Development of vascular substitues for low flow peripheral vascular reconstructions
Mitáš, Petr ; Špaček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Štádler, Petr (referee) ; Rohn, Vilém (referee)
The development of vascular replacement for low flow rates is a topical issue. The model for developing the development of replacement properties, which are based on the idea of assuming the characteristics of the biological model - vena saphena and programming these properties into a model of constructed replacement is one of the possible directions of development. The presented replacement, which is the result of the work of the author's team, consists of three parts - a non-absorbable scaffold representing the media, and two absorbable collagen layers - pseudointima and pseudoadventice. Target parameters of the prosthesis were determined by test results of the basic physical testing method - uniaxial tensile test and inflation-extension test, as well as other procedures in human saphenous specimens. The key issue is the technology of producing the collagen layer of the prosthesis. However, other manufacturing processes can also have a significant impact on vascular prosthesis properties, such as collagen hardening, antithrombogenic treatment of the inner surface of the vascular replacement, and the use of a sterilization method. Furthermore, the author deals with the development of a new female component of the three- layer vascular prosthesis of the Czech carp, which is characterized by lower...
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Metabolic Effects Of Hyperthermic Isolated Limb Perfusion (HILP) in Malignant Melanoma Patients
Hodková, Gabriela ; Semrád, Michal (advisor) ; Štádler, Petr (referee)
Hodková, Gabriela - Metabolic Effects Of Hyperthermic Isolated Limb Perfusion (HILP) in Malignant Melanoma Patients First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Praha 2, Kateřinská 32 Head of the work: Doc. MUDr. Michal Semrád, CSc. Supervisor - consultant: MUDr. Miroslav Špaček, Ph. D. The aim of the study is to assess the metabolic consequences of mechanical isolation and hyperthermic cytostatic perfusion in a limb affected by malignant process. The theoretical part refers to a topic of malignant melanoma, its clinical evaluation and treatment. Methods based on conservative and surgical treatment are described. The isolated hyperthermic cytostatic limb perfusion is a consecutive local treatment indicated in cases of recurrent malignant lesions following surgical resection, when next surgery is impossible. In the practical part, the laboratory samples and clinical data were recorded in patients who had undergone hyperthermic cytostatic limb perfusion in the 2nd Surgical Department of The General Teaching Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague. The affected limb was flushed with a warm oxygenated blood containing cytostatic drugs using an extracorporeal circuit apparatus. Selected arterial blood gas, metabolic and hematologic parameters were studied intra and...
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Hollywood Blacklist: Strategies Employed by the Individuals Interrogated by the House Committee on Un-American Activities
Štádler, Petr ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
Klí ová slova Antikomunismus, Výbor pro neamerickou innost, výslechy, Hollywood, spolupracující sv dci, nespolupracující sv dci Keywords Anti-Communism, House Committee on Un-American Activities, interrogations, Hollywood, cooperative witnesses, uncooperative witnesses Rozsah práce 108 349 znak
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Effect of pulsatility of blood flow on parametres of vascular damage in patients with mechanical circulatory support
Ivák, Peter ; Netuka, Ivan (advisor) ; Štádler, Petr (referee) ; Ošťádal, Petr (referee)
Ventricular assist devices are an important therapeutic modality in advanced surgical therapy of end-stage heart failure. Devices mainly used until recently generate primarily non- pulsatile blood flow. Despite indisputable clinical success of this therapy, we encounter complications specific to the devices with continuous flow. Complications are mostly attributed to increased shear stress and changes in blood vessels, blood elements and endothelium. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of continuous blood flow on the vasculature and blood elements by longitudinal monitoring of selected biomarkers of vascular health. During the study we monitored circulating microparticles, endothelial progenitor cells and stem cells and examined degradation dynamics of von Willebrand factor and its function. Results obtained in our study confirm the hypothesis of changes in the dynamics of studied markers dependent on the change of characteristics of blood flow. The possible negative effect of continuous flow on monitored parameters was observed in tracked period. In degradation of the high molecular weight von Willebrand factor multimers the probable positive effect of arteficial pulsatility was observed. Further research can provide important data for the development of specific characteristics...
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Influence of new cryopreservation protocol on immunogenicity and rejection of arterial allografts in rats
Hrubý, Jan ; Matia, Ivan (advisor) ; Oliverius, Martin (referee) ; Štádler, Petr (referee)
The aim of the presented experimental work was to study an acute cell and antibody- mediated immune response in recipients of abdominal aortic grafts treated by a new standardized clinical cryopreservation/slow thawing protocol used in the "Vascular graft transplant program in the Czech Republic" in a rat model. Another aim of our study was to compare the influence of two basic types of conservation protocols used in this program (cryopreservation/slow thawing protocol and cold-stored protocol) on the acute immune response after transplantation of such treated abdominal aortic grafts in rats. Cryopreserved abdominal aortic grafts were transplanted syngeneously between Lewis rats (CRYO-ISO group, cryopreservation period 172.6 days) and allogeneically between Brown-Norway and Lewis rats (CRYO-ALO group, cryopreservation period 179.3 days). The grafts were explanted on day 30 after transplantation and subsequently examined by histological and immunohistochemical methods, focusing on typical signs of acute rejection in the three basic layers of the aortic wall. We monitored the presence of endothelial cells, signs of intimal hyperplasia, tunica media thickness, the presence of necrosis and deposition of imunoglobulin class G in this layer, the number of CD4+, CD8+ and LEW MHC II+ immunocompetent cells...
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Development of vascular substitues for low flow peripheral vascular reconstructions
Mitáš, Petr ; Špaček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Štádler, Petr (referee) ; Rohn, Vilém (referee)
The development of vascular replacement for low flow rates is a topical issue. The model for developing the development of replacement properties, which are based on the idea of assuming the characteristics of the biological model - vena saphena and programming these properties into a model of constructed replacement is one of the possible directions of development. The presented replacement, which is the result of the work of the author's team, consists of three parts - a non-absorbable scaffold representing the media, and two absorbable collagen layers - pseudointima and pseudoadventice. Target parameters of the prosthesis were determined by test results of the basic physical testing method - uniaxial tensile test and inflation-extension test, as well as other procedures in human saphenous specimens. The key issue is the technology of producing the collagen layer of the prosthesis. However, other manufacturing processes can also have a significant impact on vascular prosthesis properties, such as collagen hardening, antithrombogenic treatment of the inner surface of the vascular replacement, and the use of a sterilization method. Furthermore, the author deals with the development of a new female component of the three- layer vascular prosthesis of the Czech carp, which is characterized by lower...
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Effect of pulsatility of blood flow on parametres of vascular damage in patients with mechanical circulatory support
Ivák, Peter ; Netuka, Ivan (advisor) ; Štádler, Petr (referee) ; Ošťádal, Petr (referee)
Ventricular assist devices are an important therapeutic modality in advanced surgical therapy of end-stage heart failure. Devices mainly used until recently generate primarily non- pulsatile blood flow. Despite indisputable clinical success of this therapy, we encounter complications specific to the devices with continuous flow. Complications are mostly attributed to increased shear stress and changes in blood vessels, blood elements and endothelium. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of continuous blood flow on the vasculature and blood elements by longitudinal monitoring of selected biomarkers of vascular health. During the study we monitored circulating microparticles, endothelial progenitor cells and stem cells and examined degradation dynamics of von Willebrand factor and its function. Results obtained in our study confirm the hypothesis of changes in the dynamics of studied markers dependent on the change of characteristics of blood flow. The possible negative effect of continuous flow on monitored parameters was observed in tracked period. In degradation of the high molecular weight von Willebrand factor multimers the probable positive effect of arteficial pulsatility was observed. Further research can provide important data for the development of specific characteristics...
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Hollywood Blacklist: Strategies Employed by the Individuals Interrogated by the House Committee on Un-American Activities
Štádler, Petr ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
Klí ová slova Antikomunismus, Výbor pro neamerickou innost, výslechy, Hollywood, spolupracující sv dci, nespolupracující sv dci Keywords Anti-Communism, House Committee on Un-American Activities, interrogations, Hollywood, cooperative witnesses, uncooperative witnesses Rozsah práce 108 349 znak
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