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First-trimester screening of pregnancy-related complications using plasma exosomal C19MC microRNAs
Špačková, Kamila ; Hromadníková, Ilona (advisor) ; Daňková, Pavlína (referee)
Pregnancy-related complications such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes mellitus, spontaneous preterm birth, and preterm premature rupture of membranes may have severe consequences for both the mother and the child. The development of reliable early screening methods for pregnancy-related complications has therefore been a long-term goal of obstetrics. New possibilities for prenatal diagnostics have opened with the discovery of circulating microRNAs in maternal plasma. MicroRNAs are short, noncoding, 21 to 23 nucleotides long, single-strand RNAs whose main function is to regulate gene expression. During pregnancy, both common and unique miRNAs are expressed by the placenta, amongst them the miRNAs of the C19MC cluster. Several C19MC miRNAs have been shown to display a different expression profile associated with certain pregnancy-related complications. This thesis identifies the plasma exosomal profiles of six C19MC miRNAs (miR-516-5p, miR-517-5p, miR-518b, miR-520a-5p, miR-520h, and miR-525-5p) in patients in their first trimester of gestation who later developed pregnancy-related complications, and compares them with profiles in patients with normal pregnancies.
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Skeletal trauma in cases of child abuse
Špačková, Kamila ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Eliášová, Hana (referee)
Child abuse is a very serious and common problem, which is important to diagnose correctly as any mistakes or wrong conclusions may have devastating consequences for both the child and its family. Particularly in cases of infant abuse or fatal injuries, where it is impossible to rely on interviewing the child, it is critical to be able to correctly interpret sustained injuries. With fractures being the second most commonly inflicted injuries, skeletal survey is an essential part of examination. This work offers a general review of skeletal injuries and their interpretation in relation to diagnosing child abuse.
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