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Development of system and administration of tax duties in the Czech lands
Jecha, Martin ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
NÁZEV DIPLOMOVÉ PRÁCE V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE Development of system and administration of tax duties in the Czech lands ABSTRACT The diploma thesis concerns the analysis of the evolution of the legal regulation of taxes and administrative fees, especially with their administration within the territory of the Czech Republic Selected few most important obligations, which the ruling class imposed on the population, are described. The evolution of taxes is mapped beginning with the 11th century, when the first states in the region of the current Czech Republic were forming (however, even earlier mentions can be found), and concluding with World War One, i.e. the end of the reign of the Hapsburg monarchy. The main focus of the thesis is to provide the analysis of tax obligations and their administration in the 19th century. The object of the research is the taxation system itself as a collection of individual taxes imposed on the population of a certain region, focusing only on certain taxes. Those were chosen using a criteria defined in the next part of the text. The first and most important criterion is the importance attached to the selected tax at the time of its creation and during the time it was in use, which usually equalled the size of the income the tax was able to bring to the royal budget. In other cases,...
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Confiscation in 1945 - 1948 - activities of extraordinary people's courts in individual regions
Feniková, Petra ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Confiscation in 1945 - 1948 - activities of extraordinary people's courts in individual regions Abstract This work discuses confiscation of immovable and movable property after the Second World War according to Decrees by President Edvard Beneš (The Beneš Decrees) and also retributive justice, which was executed chiefly by means of Extraordinary People's Courts, and which is also based on the standards created by the Decrees. The work contains interpretation of the Decrees and their implementary regulations, and also an excursion into the period of their preparation and origin, from which it is possible to infer the context and importance of some of the provisions of legal regulations, which the legislative text itself cannot provide. The work also contains a description of several specific cases heard by Extraordinary People's Courts, and also specific cases of administrative proceedings, the content of which was confiscation of movable and immovable property. Both post-war confiscation of property and retributive justice were a response to the events of the war (illegitimate transfer of property, war crimes committed against the population) and also a means to restore post-war Czechoslovakia. The legal regulations concerning both topics were not created spontaneously in response to the end of the wartime...
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Establishment of the Ukrainian National Council in Presov, the role and representation of the interests of the Carpathian Ruthenians
Feľbaba, Vladimír ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee)
Establishment of the Ukrainian National Council in Presov, the role and representation of the interests of the Carpathian Ruthenians Abstract The establishment of the Ukrainian National Council in Presov has its historical and legal significance in the history of national minorities in Czechoslovakia. In the conditions of the liberated parts of Czechoslovakia, on 1 March 1945 in Presov is constituted a national- political body, which is to represent the interests of the Ruthenian-Ukrainian ethnic group, mostly in the north-eastern parts of Slovakia. The presented rigorous work examines the available factual data on the circumstances of the constitution, operation and subsequent activities of this national-political representative of the Ruthenian-Ukrainian minority in Czechoslovakia up to its definitive extinction. In the context of historical development, part of the work focuses on the historical context, which records the ethnogenesis of the Ruthenian- Ukrainian minority, the integration of the ethnic group into the state bodies, as well as the war conditions, which resulted in the loss of Czechoslovakia and the annexation of the Sub- Carpathian Russia to Soviet Ukraine. Within the scope of the research, the author deals also with related issues directly related to the activities of the Ukrainian...
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Culture administration the period of the shaping of The first Czechoslovak
Červencová, Tereza ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Dobeš, Jan (referee)
This thesis discusses the general education in Czech lands during the formation of the first Czechoslovakian Republic. It introduces the term general education, which is nearly forgotten nowadays, even though several sections of general education are adopted in new science branches, such as andragogy. The thesis describes general education during its biggest expansion and people's interest, which resulted especially from the excitement about the formation of the independent Czechoslovakian country and from people's self-education desires. By researching the position of general education in Czechoslovakia, we can better understand the principles which today's adult education is based on, and how has the ideas of general education reflected in our perception of the Czechoslovakian society. The first part of the thesis introduces an outline of the historical development of Czechoslovakian Republic during its formation, an organisational structure of public administration at the end of the Habsburg Monarchy, and the form of general education before 1918. Next, the term general education and its individual components are defined. One segment of the text discusses the legislative concept of general education and its impact on the actual state's organisation. The second part of the thesis describes the...
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Legal standing formation and operation of the Financial Guard of Czechoslovakia
Jindra, Ondřej ; Soukup, Ladislav (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with formation and activities of the Financial Guard of the Czechoslovak Republic. It was a paramilitary security authority whose primary purpose was to oversee and prevent smuggling in the border area of the Czechoslovak Republic, simultaneously the Financial Guard was tasked with protecting the state border from unauthorized crossing of foreign nationals. The Financial guard existed before the establishment of the independent Czechoslovak Republic, but as one of the many institutes of Austria-Hungary it was also taken over into a new political arrangement. The aim of this work was to get acquainted with the term of Financial Guard. Define its basic functions and activities, and separate it from purely military churches. This work, in its first part, briefly and clearly talks about the establishment and prehistory of the Financial Guard, and its subsequent development to a fully functioning state body of the Czechoslovak Republic. In relation to subordination to the Ministry of Finance of the Czechoslovak Republic, I also deal with the partial analysis of this ministry in this work. Next chapter of this work defines the construction of the Financial Guard. Describes the first moments of the Financial Guard in the Czechoslovak Republic and gives examples of equipment of the...
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The Budweiser society in the 19th century from the perspective of beer culture
Vávrová, Eliška ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Kovář, Daniel (referee)
This thesis explores the social changes in Budweis in the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th century from a perspective of local beer brewing and hospitality industry. The principles of economic nationalism are examined on the example of interactions of two local breweries. The second part of this thesis focuses on inns and taprooms in Budweis. These are presented as important locations for social life and consumption. A typology of these establishments is prepared based on multiple factors. The mutual relations between establishments and beer suppliers are also investigated. The locations of both breweries' clients is compared with the local population's character in order to investigate to what degree did nationality determine the preference of a given beer brand. Finally, two case studies present the "dark side" of the hospitality industry and they suggest that nationality was not the main influence on the consumers' relation to a given brand or establishment. Key words: Budweis, brewery, beer brewing, public houses and taprooms, nationalism, economic nationalism, history of consumption
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To the history of administration of district gendarmerie commands in the area of gendarmerie department Benešov u Prahy in the interwar period and during Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia
Breburdová, Miroslava ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Kokošková, Zdeňka (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on administration developement of five district gendarmerie commands (Benešov, Český Brod, Vlašim, Jílové u Prahy, Říčany u Prahy) which were a part of gendarmerie departement Benešov u Prahy during 1918-1945. The aim of the work is to introduce their form and activities within the whole gendarmerie organization in the Czech lands and try to explain their specifics if there were any. There is emphasise on personalities and careers of district gendarmerie commanders. After introducing character and history of administration since half of the nineteenth century till 1945 there is a chapter which concerns on historical developement of Benešov, Vlašim, Český Brod, Jílové and Říčany regions especially during 1918-1945. On the basis of that there will be described and evaluated the command of gendarmerie departement Benešov and five district gendarmerie commands. This thesis is based on comparative, normative-comparative method with an application of some sociological and psychological approaches. The institute of district gendarmerie commanders appeared before 1918 but they were no officers until the establishment of Czechoslovakia. There were two categories for gendarmerie officers - administrative (the higher one) and executive (the lower one). The district gendarmerie commanders...
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Krásná Lípa in the Context of the Development of Textile Industry (19th and 20th century)
Vašíčková, Anna ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Dobeš, Jan (referee)
Presented bachelor thesis aims to describe development of textile industry in Krásná Lípa in the 19th and 20th century and its influence on image of the town. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is devoted to a character of literature and available sources to the subject of the textile industry and the history of Krásná Lípa. There is a brief look on the history of Krásná Lípa from the Middle Ages up to nowadays in the second chapter. The third chapter describes the general development of the textile production in the Czech lands and the North Bohemian region and the development of the textile industry in Krásná Lípa and Krásný Buk. The local textile production, its extent, brunches and its influence on the town development is presented on a sample of several companies.
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Juvenile court Kutná Hora (1931-1949)
Paříková, Dominika ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the Kutná Hora Youth Court, which operated as part of the justice administration of the Czechoslovak Republic in the thirties and forties of the 20th century. The thesis describes the way how the codified criminal law over juveniles has been applied in practice and how much of the burden it has been placed on this particular youth court. At the core of the thesis are individual case studies, which together with the reviews reconstruct and demonstrate the organization of the Kutná Hora Youth Court, its staff, registry administration and casework procedures. In addition, the study on the basis of the obtained data indicates what were the most often offences committed by the juvenile delinquents in this region. The work also observes the questions of sex, it's whether the offences were more likely to commit by juvenile boys or girls.
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The Prague Castle Administration and tourism 1990-2003
Konečná, Tereza ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Štolleová, Barbora (referee)
The Prague Castle is the most significant czech national and cultural landmark. After establishment of the separate Czechoslovakia, Office of the President of the Republic was established to maintain the castle, it took care about conservation but also about tourism related to gradual opening of the castle to the public. Essential transformation of the admnistration of the Office of the President of the Republic happened after democratic changes of czech society at the turn of 80. and 90. of 20. century. Because of that year 1990 is an important milestone in the administration of the castle. After Václav Havel has become president of the republic institution the Prague Castle Administration was gradualy being constituted and it is still working today. Its main purpose is presentation of the castle to public and its utilization in support of tourism as an important segment of national economy. This Bachelor thesis first outlines development and significance of tourism since establishment of Czechoslovakia until the revolutionary year 1989. In the following part constitution of the Office of the President is being presented, with accent focusing on the issues of conservation and primarly at issues of tourism between the years 1919- 1989. Core of the thesis represents analysis of establishment and...
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