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Mother-infant bonding - a historical comparison
Slezáková, Zdeňka ; Dudová, Radka (advisor) ; Šmídová, Olga (referee)
Bonding is an emotional and biological process that creates a bond between a mother and her child and is among others important for easier breastfeeding, faster recovery of the mother etc. It is important to support it by an early contact between the mother and her newborn child. The diploma thesis aims to compare the discourse regarding mother-infant bonding and its support in our country around the year of 1980, when the rooming-in system appears, up to the present, with the milestone between 1998 and 2000, when the Centre of Active Birth was established as a result of changes in birth care that occurred then and which started to offer a different kind of care from the model that was known and used in the Czech Republic at that time. Emphasis will be put on the development of the discourse, changes in birth and after-birth care it has brought and changes of its participants and the role which women have as receivers of care. The theoretic part introduces the relatively little-known term 'bonding' and its support from the biological and social points of view, then discourse analysis will be applied in the methodological and experimental parts of the thesis. Analysed materials included media communication both in printed and electronic forms available at each analysed period. Keywords:...
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"Stay elsewhere" or international mobility percieved by experienced actors
Voldánová, Iva ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Vodáková, Alena (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to identify how the actors (young Europeans) perceive travelling, more specifically staying abroad organised/establish by an institution, and what are attributes assigned. Therefore, an analysis of these actors' responses is applied. For the first, influences and aspects of the actors' departure abroad viewed by themselves as significant were focused on. The assumptions is that their experience is caused by their capacity / tendency to leave, which is based on their biographic preconditions, especially by the family and by "similar reference groups". Other factors affecting are privileged European origin, language and institutions. Later, specifics of staying elsewhere, which affects the life trajectories of the actors were dealt with. The actors assess travelling, its main sense and the value of their active approach that enables that. The analytical part concludes that this way of acting is in compliance with searching for themselves related to typical absence of identity at the post-modern period. The motivation for travelling is travelling itself; the motivation is becoming. Based on the above findings and analysis, the main traces of the a "staying abroad concept" have been stressed out. In this point of view the staying abroad should be perceived as a certain form of...
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Forming the "cosmoworld" and finding its essence
Horáková, Klára ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Petrusek, Miloslav (referee)
This dissertation thesis on the issue "How Cosmoworld Forms and What It Is" deals with the formation and content of a magazine for young women named Cosmopolitan. The aim of this work is to ascertain, whether the type of the woman constructed by this magazine is the emancipated one, to uncover how the magazine defines itself or, put more aptly, how it helps to maintain traditional stereotypes attributed to womanhood. In the introduction, the author pursues the basic theoretical concept and methodological tools suitable to apply in analysing media like Cosmopolitan. The very research into the process of production of the magazine and its content is covered in the second part of the thesis. Using the means of discursive analysis, the author attempts to resolve the type of womanhood re/constructed by the magazine and to work out what are the backdrops or frames which the magazine sets womanhood in. Further, we see the author researching the very creation of the magazine (the ethnomethodological observation in the editorial office), identifying the rules followed in writing articles for Cosmopolitan. Having analysed the content of Cosmopolitan and the process of its production, the author has come to the conclusion that Cosmopolitan re/produces a woman who sees her liberation and emancipation in sexual freedom...
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As is reflected in the total institution life
Babková, Johana ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Kurucová, Ľubica (referee)
The subject of this thesis is a description and analysis of life imprisonment prisoners' daily life. The thesis deals with wider integration of daily life in jail. The jail as an institution and its impact on prisoners' life is described in theory. Problems of life imprisonment, key words connected with daily reality of total institutions and jail as a formal organization are also analysed. This work points out the lost of life imprisonment prisoner's identity and the importance of process adaptation in it. That means that life in jail is connected to identity lost during his collision with total institution. This process of identity lost is obvious particularly in of life imprisonment prisoners. In theoretical part of this thesis I derive from references of sociologists who work with topics of total institutions, stigmatization, moral career, technique of power and other sociological concepts. I try to show the impact of punishment on one's identity, what strategies of dealing with stress prisoners use and the whole picture of prisoner's personality impacted by the isolation from outer world to the end of the life. I would like to summarize the daily routine of life imprisonment prisoner. I suppose that this thesis doesn't give unambiguous conclusions but I would like to expound this sphere and...
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Possibilities and Limits of Care in Childern's Homes and a Model of a Possible Alternative
Jandová, Tereza ; Rotreklová, Eva (advisor) ; Šmídová, Olga (referee)
This thesis concerns the problems connected with the legal protection of children in the Czech Republic. In particular it focuses on possibilities of taking care of children who are forced to live out of the family. All contemporary possibilities how to care about such children as well as legislative of these amenities are surveyed and financial system of these is introduced. Based on background professional research, the most common reasons for placing children out of their own families are presented. Work and function of homes for children are described in further details. The theoretical part offers the view into historical development of taking care of Czech children without any stable and functioning family background, some good experience examples from France and samples of endeavour to remedy the situation in Slovakia are mentioned. The inner part of the thesis is the issue concerning not only wide variety of psychological theories but also the satisfaction of children development needs. Research part traces fulfilling children development needs in a particular children home taking into consideration the point of view of the staff, the parents whose children were placed there and the youngsters who were cared about. According to the latter and the research summary, a model of children care...
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The Discussion about Expulsion of Sudeten Germans in Czech Society
Čížek, Tomáš ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Hájek, Martin (referee)
This thesis focuses on the controversy in Czech society over the displacement of Germans. The dispute is one of the most significant public debates related to the Czech past held since the fall of the communist regime. The work briefly summarizes the historical development of the controversy over the displacement and introduces the political context of the discussion held already in the democratic regime. The main part of the text consists of analysis of opinions on the issues of displacement in Czech newspapers in the period of one year directly before the Czech Republic entered the European Union Concerning methodology, the work is inspired by discourse analysis. However, the author is not that much focusing on the use of language, which is common within this methodological tradition, but rather on what is being expressed through the language, i. e. the contents of the discourse itself. In doing so, he refers to the work of the Czech-British anthropologist Ladislav Holý. The author concludes that two main approaches may be found within the debate over the displacement, and calls the first of them the "official" discourse and the other the "critical" discourse. Based on the analysis, it is not possible to speak of the two discourses as competing with each other in the form of notional oppositions,...
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The ideal of women beauty before and after 1989 - discourse analysis of Vlasta magazine
Bělinová, Helena ; Vávra, Martin (advisor) ; Šmídová, Olga (referee)
The thesis interprets the ideal of women beauty before and after 1989 in terms of sociological and culture discourse in Vlasta magazine. The key premise of the thesis is the claim that ideal of women beauty differs before and after 1989. It is possible to expect influence of politic system, social structure and culture forms on discourse of women beauty. Character of this thesis is theoretically-empiric. The sociologic gender theory serves as the frame for chosen topic. Research is based on analysis of discourse of women beauty in Vlasta magazine in 1975 and 2005. The goal of overall analysis is to provide series of detailed analysis which describe general magazine topics and role of the magazine in certain historical period beside discourse of beauty. I have chosen qualitative sociological method called discursive analysis for my thesis. Ambition of the thesis is to analyze one specific social discourse and introduce all key social, historical and culture aspects which can influence the discourse and use Vlasta magazine as its concrete case. Keywords Ideal of women beauty, discourse, media discourse, gender, discursive analysis, Vlasta magazine, transformation, socialism, media, gender stereotypes, gender socialization
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Image of old age and elderly care Institutions. Representation in daily newspaper Blesk
Stehlíková, Zuzana ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Trusinová, Romana (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the representation and categorisation of old age and elderly care and their changes in media discourse of daily newspaper Blesk. Theory focuses on definitions of elderly and description of seniors and practices of elderly care in the Czech Republic. It describes changes of old age discourse in connection with the development of social policy and expert knowledge. It describes the concepts of representation and categorisation and their possible impacts in the form of stigmatisation, stereotyping and ageism. It discusses media as resources of symbolic power, ideology and discourse and sets out media representation of elderly. Related empirical part is based on qualitative discourse analysis of articles from Blesk in years 2007 and 2011. It discusses the outcomes with respect to changes of discourse and representation, stereotypes and active old age. It distinguishes three types of senior representation - like normal, stigmatized and active. Thematic distribution and stigmatisation of elderly constructs symbolic subordination of elderly as a population category. Care is described only rarely and isn't offered as the solution of the elderly's frailty.
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Myth called American high school
Zelená, Lucie ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Kolářová, Marta (referee)
Bachelors thesis "Myth called American high school" deals with an issue of high school studies in the United States of America from the perspective of Czechs who have experienced it in real terms. The main focus is on the hidden curriculum including knowledge, skills and attitudes which pupils learn even though this matter is not explicitly defined. In general terms it is possible to talk about a cultural transmission as it also includes values transferred from the teacher to the pupils. Hidden curriculum arises from the actual teaching style, the teachers' approach and the things being valued and encouraged the most. Less emphasis is then put on the officially declared curriculum with respect to the content of knowledge. The subject of study primarily includes social relations and interactions among people involved in the schooling environment, in which the informal rules of cooperation and coexistence are shaped. Strategies and types of authority which teachers assert when dealing with deviant behavior are being described, as well as the definition of deviant behavior from teacher perspective. Secondly, the study covers the structure of the class work with emphasis being put on the space devoted to different persons involved. At last, various types of lesson activities on which pupils participate...
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Social rehabilitation of sentenced and released persons
Babková, Johana ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Kolářová, Marta (referee)
This paper is a research report about qualitative research which deals with the life of sentenced and released persons. It describes programmes and specific aid which participate in social rehabilitation of these persons. I suggest possible improvements of social inclusion by studying cases concerning imprisoned and released persons and institutions that work with them. Organizations and institutions that work with these people aim at their inclusion in society, at detecting and removing difficulties in unsuccessful integration. The bases of this analysis are interviews, statistics, annual reports, biographies, simple questions in the form of an informal questionnaire, mediated biographies. The aim of this paper is to reveal discrepancies in regarding unsuccessful social integration from the view of institutions and of persons endangered by social exclusion.
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