National Repository of Grey Literature 9 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Test-retest reliability in integrity testing
Kozárová, Adéla ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Marcela (referee)
This thesis deals with personal integrity and its testing for the job tender. The main objective is to determine the test-retest reliability of the integrity test, which is currently being developed and studied at the National Institute of Mental Health in Klecany. Another aim of the work is to compare the Czech version of the integrity test, a whole set of psychological tests designed to investigate the integrity intended for recruiting new employees, and the findings of foreign tests, which are used primarily in the United States. The use of integrity tests is a common practice abroad in the selection process of new employees, for example in lower administration or positions working with money. Work has both theoretical and practical character. The theoretical part summarizes the findings about integrity from authors throughout history, present information about foreign integrity test (types, weaknesses, ethical issues of testing, the proposed rules for the implementation of integrity tests for job tenders for organization, etc.). Finally, it discusses psychometrics and required characteristics for quality tests. The practical part is based on a test-retest study that was conducted on a sample of 51 respondents in the time interval of 4 to 5 months. Respondents were repeatedly presented with a...
Social cognitions of depressive patients
Ševčíková, Marcela ; Výrost, Jozef (advisor) ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee)
Social cognition - the ability to identify, perceive, and interpret socially relevant information - is an important skill that plays a significant role in successful interpersonal functioning. Social cognitive performance seems to be impaired in several mental disorders. The relationship with major depressive disorder is less well understood. The aim of the thesis was to present a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on social cognition in depression as well as to contribute with results of our own research. Two original video-methods presenting difficult and complex social situation were developed in this study. Acutely depressed patients (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 20) were examined with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and with Lie or True and Rendez-views video-methods. We found no difference in the performance in our video-methods between the tested groups. Evidence of The Depressive Realism Hypothesis was not proven in this study. Further research in this area is needed. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
Theory of Planned Behavior and Counterproductive Work Behavior
Trojanová, Mariana ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Marcela (referee)
This master thesis aims to explore and predict counterproductive work behavior (CWB) targeted to the employer within a framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The question is examined by quantitative questionnaire survey, assessing attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention and actual behavior. The aim of this study is to verify the psychometric properties of a non-standardized questionnaire designed in the theoretical framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior, analysis of functionality of the proposed model and the proposal of its possible improvements to be given. Unrepresentative sample (n = 71 in the first phase of research, n = 41 in the second phase) consists of working adults with a work history of at least one year. The proposed model of the Theory of Planned Behavior is analyzed using the method of multiple linear regression analysis, which shows a statistically significant relationship between the dependent variable and some of the independent variables in the first phase of the research. In the second phase, no significant relationships between variables are found. Since the psychometric properties of the measuring instrument are not satisfactory, the item analysis using principal component analysis is conducted, which identifies some problematic...
Analytical Rumination Hypothesis Testing: Depression as a Functional Adaptation.
Ševčíková, Marcela ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Bob, Petr (referee) ; Vevera, Jan (referee)
Next to the traditional medical concept of depression, there is an expert opinion suggesting that depression is a functional adaptation to adversity. In the theoretical part of the thesis, we present the adaptive hypothesis of depression, the Analytical-Rumination Hypothesis (ARH). According to ARH, depression has evolved as an adaptive response to the complex problems. Depressive symptoms, such as anhedonia, social isolation, and psychomotor retardation, may help individuals to undisturbedly analyze their personal problems in a process called analytical rumination. The limited ability to focus on an external problem, e.g. on neuropsychological tests, is a by-product of analytical rumination. The aim of the dissertation thesis is to test the ARH. In the practical part, we present five studies using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, cross-sectional and longitudinal design, and samples with different statuses (clinical and non-clinical). The results of Study 1 confirm that depression is a response to a complex problem. Using a qualitative methodology, Study 2 examined the form of rumination and detected the presence of adaptive rumination in depressed individuals (causal analysis, analysis of the aspects of the problem and problem-solving analysis). The results of cross-sectional Study 3...
Analytical Rumination Hypothesis Testing: Depression as a Functional Adaptation.
Ševčíková, Marcela ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Bob, Petr (referee) ; Vevera, Jan (referee)
Next to the traditional medical concept of depression, there is an expert opinion suggesting that depression is a functional adaptation to adversity. In the theoretical part of the thesis, we present the adaptive hypothesis of depression, the Analytical-Rumination Hypothesis (ARH). According to ARH, depression has evolved as an adaptive response to the complex problems. Depressive symptoms, such as anhedonia, social isolation, and psychomotor retardation, may help individuals to undisturbedly analyze their personal problems in a process called analytical rumination. The limited ability to focus on an external problem, e.g. on neuropsychological tests, is a by-product of analytical rumination. The aim of the dissertation thesis is to test the ARH. In the practical part, we present five studies using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, cross-sectional and longitudinal design, and samples with different statuses (clinical and non-clinical). The results of Study 1 confirm that depression is a response to a complex problem. Using a qualitative methodology, Study 2 examined the form of rumination and detected the presence of adaptive rumination in depressed individuals (causal analysis, analysis of the aspects of the problem and problem-solving analysis). The results of cross-sectional Study 3...
Social cognitions of depressive patients
Ševčíková, Marcela ; Výrost, Jozef (advisor) ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee)
Social cognition - the ability to identify, perceive, and interpret socially relevant information - is an important skill that plays a significant role in successful interpersonal functioning. Social cognitive performance seems to be impaired in several mental disorders. The relationship with major depressive disorder is less well understood. The aim of the thesis was to present a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on social cognition in depression as well as to contribute with results of our own research. Two original video-methods presenting difficult and complex social situation were developed in this study. Acutely depressed patients (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 20) were examined with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and with Lie or True and Rendez-views video-methods. We found no difference in the performance in our video-methods between the tested groups. Evidence of The Depressive Realism Hypothesis was not proven in this study. Further research in this area is needed. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
Test-retest reliability in integrity testing
Kozárová, Adéla ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Marcela (referee)
This thesis deals with personal integrity and its testing for the job tender. The main objective is to determine the test-retest reliability of the integrity test, which is currently being developed and studied at the National Institute of Mental Health in Klecany. Another aim of the work is to compare the Czech version of the integrity test, a whole set of psychological tests designed to investigate the integrity intended for recruiting new employees, and the findings of foreign tests, which are used primarily in the United States. The use of integrity tests is a common practice abroad in the selection process of new employees, for example in lower administration or positions working with money. Work has both theoretical and practical character. The theoretical part summarizes the findings about integrity from authors throughout history, present information about foreign integrity test (types, weaknesses, ethical issues of testing, the proposed rules for the implementation of integrity tests for job tenders for organization, etc.). Finally, it discusses psychometrics and required characteristics for quality tests. The practical part is based on a test-retest study that was conducted on a sample of 51 respondents in the time interval of 4 to 5 months. Respondents were repeatedly presented with a...
Theory of Planned Behavior and Counterproductive Work Behavior
Trojanová, Mariana ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Marcela (referee)
This master thesis aims to explore and predict counterproductive work behavior (CWB) targeted to the employer within a framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The question is examined by quantitative questionnaire survey, assessing attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention and actual behavior. The aim of this study is to verify the psychometric properties of a non-standardized questionnaire designed in the theoretical framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior, analysis of functionality of the proposed model and the proposal of its possible improvements to be given. Unrepresentative sample (n = 71 in the first phase of research, n = 41 in the second phase) consists of working adults with a work history of at least one year. The proposed model of the Theory of Planned Behavior is analyzed using the method of multiple linear regression analysis, which shows a statistically significant relationship between the dependent variable and some of the independent variables in the first phase of the research. In the second phase, no significant relationships between variables are found. Since the psychometric properties of the measuring instrument are not satisfactory, the item analysis using principal component analysis is conducted, which identifies some problematic...
Sociocultural conditionality of emotions
Ševčíková, Marcela ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to explain the concept of emotions with the focus on their sociocultural conditionality. The thesis is divided into two basic sections. In the theoretical part important conceptions of emotions (neurophysiological, cognitivistic and evolutionary) are explained. Attention is paid to the proces of emotion regulation, in which the culture plays important role. Special chapter analysis the process of emotion expression showing both of its forms : verbal and nonverbal. Empirical part of the thesis presents a proposal of a research project, which purpose is to confirm some of the knowledges shown in the theoretical part. The research focuses on a pantomimic expression of emotions and its sociocultural conditionality.

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