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Jewish settlement in Chrudim and surroundings
Vaněk, Daniel ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Ebelová, Ivana (referee)
However the Jews were present in Chrudim already from the time of Přemysl Otakar II., their presence there was rather a rare phenomenon untill half of the 19-th century, when, due to the legislative changes, the Jews were given new opportunities and started to move from the surrounding country communities and villages to Chrudim. That was the beginning of the time of the greatest prosperity of Chrudim's Jewish community, which continued untill the World War II. During that time the Jews there were fully respected members (citizens) of the Czech society and were fully involved in the prosperity of the town, and the Thesis folows the traces, that Jews have left in the history of Chrudim, and also the surrounding Jewish communities, from which part of the Jewish families of Chrudim came, are mentioned here.
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Jewish Fables. Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Nakdan "Mishle Shu'alim"
Hynková, Cecílie ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor)
Práce se zabývá sbírkou bajek s názvem Mišle šu'alim židovského autora Berechji ben Natronaje ha-Nakdana (12./13. století, Francie či Anglie). Text je zasazen do kontextu prostřednictvím představení žánru bajky a uvedení jeho zástupců v židovské starověké a středověké literatuře (Bibli, Talmudu, midraších a několika středověkých dílech). Stěžejní část práce obsahuje informace o autorovi a jeho dílech, charakteristiku a rozbor sbírky a přehled dochovaných rukopisů, všech známých vydání a existujících překladů sbírky či jednotlivých bajek. Zvláštní pozornost je věnována pražskému jezuitskému vydání z roku 1661. Součástí práce je i komentovaný překlad tří vybraných bajek. This thesis deals with the fable collection called Mishle Shu'alim, written by the Jewish author Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Nakdan who lived in the 12th/13th century either in France or in England. The aim of this thesis is to introduce the work along with the genre of the fable and its examples in Jewish literature of the Antiquity and the Middle Ages (Bible, Talmud, midrashic literature and a few of medieval scripts). The essential part of the thesis contains information about the author and all his works, characterization and analysis of the collection, and the list of the existing manuscripts, all known editions, and all...
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Conversion to Judaism a Reflection to Jewish Oral Tradition and History
Mayer, Daniel ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Nosek, Bedřich (referee) ; Weis, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with conversion to Judaism from the point of view of the Jewish oral tradition and history. First part is focused on the general issue of conversions, laws and regulations of the Jewish law (Halakha) dealing with conversions, and views held by scholars belonging to the Talmudic period. Chronologically ordered sections follow, containing examples of conversions of both individuals and ethnic groups (Samaritans) of the Biblical period with an emphasis on their presence in written oral tradition, in Mishna, Gemarah and midrashes. Examples of converts of the Hellenic and Roman periods are presented in a similar fashion. This part is concluded with a chapter on converts in the Sassanid Babylonia. The thesis then presents examples of conversions from the late Hellenic period and early Middle Ages, including peripheral parts of the then know world - northern Africa, Ethiopia, Yemen and the Khazar Khaganate in the steppes along the Volga river. The last part of the thesis consists of examples of individual conversions to Judaism in the Europe of Middle Ages and the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Key Words: Judaism, conversion, converts, Halakha, oral tradition.
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Jews in Finland during World War II
Dvořáková, Jana ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor)
Before and during World War II there was almost no Anti-Semitism in Finland, and in fact, the Finnish government refused to condone the Nazis' anti-Jewish platform. When Finland also refused to cooperate with the Soviet Union in late 1939, Soviet troops attacked Finland. As equal Finnish citizens, the country's Jews joined the army to fight the Soviets; some 15 were killed and many others were wounded. After holding out for several months, Finland surrendered to the Soviet Union in March 1940 and was forced to hand over some of its territory to the Soviets. In 1941 German troops came to Finland; Finland then joined Germany as its ally in the attack on the Soviet Union in order to recapture the land it had lost to the Soviets in the Winter war. Some 300 Jews (Finnish citizens and refugees from other countries) served in the Finnish army during the Continuous war. The German authorities requested that the Finnish government hand over its Jewish community, but the Finns refused. Reportedly, when SS chief Heinrich Himmler brought up the "Jewish question" with Prime Minister Johann Wilhelm Rangell in mid-1942, Rangell replied that there was no Jewish question in Finland; he firmly stated that the country had but 2,000 respected Jewish citizens who fought in the army just like everyone else, and thus closed the...
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The cycle of stories on Joseph in the Jewish tradition, Genesis 37 - 50
Kracíková, Jindřiška ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (referee) ; Nosek, Bedřich (referee)
This thesis, The Cycle of Stories on Joseph in the Jewish Tradition; Genesis 37-50, deals with mediaeval rabbinic commentaries dating back to the 11th to 18th century. The thesis has a general introductory chapter which describes the interpretation methods and schools, their influence and significance for further development of the biblical commentary, followed by studies in exegetic works by selected important rabbinic authorities, such as Rashi, Rashbam, Abraham ibn Ezra, Ramban, Isaac Abravanel, Obadia Sforno and Hayim ben Atar. The final part of the thesis deals with the translation and interpretation of the biblical text, comparing some rabbinic opinions on difficult passages in the text with the Czech translations which are based on the Hebrew language. The passage which is the subject of the studies consists of chapters 37-50 in the book of Genesis, which contains the novel on Joseph, a complete story with several storylines. The story, which covers nearly one third of the book of Genesis, is multilayered, complete and exceptional in terms of its composition, contents, semblance and message. This thesis also includes an appendix containing the author's translation from the original language, both of the studied passages of the biblical text and of the commentaries of representatives of the North...
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Jewish cemetery in Dřevíkov. Epigraphical study on development Jewish Epitaph of rural cemetery in the 18th - 20 th century.
Petrusová, Lucie Benedikta ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (referee)
The thesis "The Jewish Cemetery in Dřevíkov. Epigraphic studies on the development of rural Jewish cemetery tombstone inscriptions in the 18th - 20 Century "is the result of field documentation of Jewish tombstones in the village cemetery Dřevíkov. When these works were acquired photographs and transcriptions of gravestones, the cemetery which is currently located. It was also made identification of individual graves, and in comparison with the first place registry records deaths in the registers, and also lists the Jewish population in Svobodné Hamry and Dřevíkov. The result is a documentation of chronological catalog of cemetery gravestones, which includes two hundred and two items. A catalog is the basis for the introductory theoretical part of the thesis, which deals with the development of Jewish tombstones and the transformation of language and content of Jewish tombstone inscription in the context of social, religious and cultural change, which related to Jewish population in Bohemia in the 18th until the first half of the 20th century. Both parts of the thesis, the introductory part of the transformation of Jewish tombstones and gravestones connected catalog are appendices with the name registry buried, schematic map of the cemetery and photographs.
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The Baghdadi Jews in Asian diaspora: activities of the Sassoon family in Bombay
Sehnalová, Anna ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Boušek, Daniel (referee)
The thesis deals with the most influential family of the group of Baghdadi Jews, which came to Bombay in the first quarter of the 19th century. It focuses on activities of the family in Bombay - in and outside the Jewish community, among the British and in the majority society; and especially on its influence on the developement of the city itself, her trade and industry. The consequent identity change and secularisation of the group and its relationship to other minorities is discussed as well. The topic is viewed in the context of Baghdadi Jewish diaspora in Asia. The thesis is based on available information sources and on visit to Bombay, studied period is limited by arrival of the group and by its departure at the beginning of the 20th century.
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The cycle of stories on Joseph in the Jewish tradition, Genesis 37 - 50
Kracíková, Jindřiška ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (referee) ; Nosek, Bedřich (referee)
This thesis, The Cycle of Stories on Joseph in the Jewish Tradition; Genesis 37-50, deals with mediaeval rabbinic commentaries dating back to the 11th to 18th century. The thesis has a general introductory chapter which describes the interpretation methods and schools, their influence and significance for further development of the biblical commentary, followed by studies in exegetic works by selected important rabbinic authorities, such as Rashi, Rashbam, Abraham ibn Ezra, Ramban, Isaac Abravanel, Obadia Sforno and Hayim ben Atar. The final part of the thesis deals with the translation and interpretation of the biblical text, comparing some rabbinic opinions on difficult passages in the text with the Czech translations which are based on the Hebrew language. The passage which is the subject of the studies consists of chapters 37-50 in the book of Genesis, which contains the novel on Joseph, a complete story with several storylines. The story, which covers nearly one third of the book of Genesis, is multilayered, complete and exceptional in terms of its composition, contents, semblance and message. This thesis also includes an appendix containing the author's translation from the original language, both of the studied passages of the biblical text and of the commentaries of representatives of the North...
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Memoirs of Glikl of Hameln
Polišenská, Jana ; Nosek, Bedřich (referee) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor)
This diploma thesis "Memoirs of Glikl of Hameln" is dedicated to life and work of Glikl bas Judah Leib, an Ashkenazi Jewish woman living in the years 1645(?) - 1724. The first part includes biography of Glikl and characteristics of the preserved text of her Memoirs. Glikl was born in Hamburg and there she spent a great deal of her life. Approximately in the age of 13 she was married to Hayim, with whom she lived through a long and happy marriage. She bore 14 children, out of which 12 reached the adult age. Glikl was also a very talented busenesswoman, she dealt with precious stones and other goods and she had a wide web of businness contacts. Her family belonged to the Ashkenazi elite of Hamburg. After her husband's death in the year 1689 she took over the family businness and since the year 1691 she has been writing her Memoirs ( .( In the year 1700 she married for the second time, left Hamburg and went to live with her husband Hirsh Levy to Metz (at that time French). Two years later Hirsh Levy went bankrupt and the couple was left penniless. In the year 1710 Glikl became a widow for the second time. She died in Metz aged approximately 78. The Memoirs of Glikl were written in several periods of time in the years 1691-1719 and they were destined only for family members, not for public. The original...
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