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Old Czech Glosses in Medieval Hebrew Rabbinic Writings
Uličná, Lenka ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Hoffmannová, Jana (referee) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
of the dissertation Lenka Uličná This study aims to present and interpret the Old Czech (so-called Canaanic) glosses preserved in medieval Hebrew rabbinic writings Arugath ha-bosem by Abraham ben Azriel, Or zarua by Isaac ben Moses and in the commentary to the Mahzor Nuremberg. So far, linguistic analyses of this language material have been based on the editions. The present work analyzes manuscript versions of the glosses and significantly refines the research. We consider the so-called Canaanic glosses primarily as a sociolinguistic subject and this attitude influenced the selection of methods used in this study. Due to the character of the language material, we had to combine the sociolinguistic methods with methods of contrastive linguistics, paleographic methods and analytical methods of diachronic linguistics. The results of this analysis are presented in dictionary entries and they provide a basis for the following characterization of the so-called Canaanic language and its position towards the so-called Jewish languages on the one hand and towards the Czech language of the Christian majority, on the other. The gloss is i.a. a manifestation of bilingualism of the productor of the text. Being aware of the insufficiency of one language he tries to secure the understanding of a certain term in...
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Jewish Fables. Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Nakdan: "Mishle Shu'alim".
Hynková, Cecílie ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis deals with the fable collection called Mishle Shu'alim, written by the Jewish author Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Nakdan who lived in the 12th/13th century either in France or in England. The aim of this thesis is to introduce the work along with the genre of the fable and its examples in Jewish literature of the Antiquity and the Middle Ages (Bible, Talmud, midrashic literature and a few of medieval scripts). The essential part of the thesis contains information about the author and all his works, characterization and analysis of the collection, and the list of the existing manuscripts, all known editions, and all translations of the collection or those of individual fables. Special attention is being paid to the Prague Jesuit edition of 1661. The thesis furthermore contains a commented translation of three selected fables.
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The Image of Eastern Jew in 20th Century Czech Jewish Journals (till 1938)
Fottová, Magdalena ; Holý, Jiří (advisor) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (referee)
This thesis focuses on the image of an Eastern Jew in Czech-Jewish and Zionist journals from 1910 to 1925 and its position in the identity of these groups. The analysis is based on fictional texts (both translations and originally Czech ones) with Eastern Jewish characters, which (considering their placement in official journals of the Czech-Jewish and Zionist institutions) presented a fictional world acceptable for the movement's ideology and co-created the image of Eastern Jew in their followers' collective memory. A description of the most frequent features of Eastern Jewish characters is supplemented by historical context and the journals' non-literary articles. Key words Eastern Jew, 1st World War, Jewish identity, assimilation, Zionism, Jewish journals, stereotypes, characters.
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Conversion to Judaism a Reflection to Jewish Oral Tradition and History
Mayer, Daniel ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Nosek, Bedřich (referee) ; Weis, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with conversion to Judaism from the point of view of the Jewish oral tradition and history. First part is focused on the general issue of conversions, laws and regulations of the Jewish law (Halakha) dealing with conversions, and views held by scholars belonging to the Talmudic period. Chronologically ordered sections follow, containing examples of conversions of both individuals and ethnic groups (Samaritans) of the Biblical period with an emphasis on their presence in written oral tradition, in Mishna, Gemarah and midrashes. Examples of converts of the Hellenic and Roman periods are presented in a similar fashion. This part is concluded with a chapter on converts in the Sassanid Babylonia. The thesis then presents examples of conversions from the late Hellenic period and early Middle Ages, including peripheral parts of the then know world - northern Africa, Ethiopia, Yemen and the Khazar Khaganate in the steppes along the Volga river. The last part of the thesis consists of examples of individual conversions to Judaism in the Europe of Middle Ages and the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Key Words: Judaism, conversion, converts, Halakha, oral tradition.
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The image of Tel Aviv in the poetry of Meir Wieseltier
Hametová, Zuzana ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with the image of the city of Tel Aviv as it is represented in the poetry of Meir Wieseltier, a contemporary Israeli poet. The main part of the thesis consists of the analysis of the individual poems dealing with Tel Aviv, with the emphasis on the diversity of the poet's Tel Aviv imagery. The thesis includes an introduction to the history of modern Hebrew poetry, and it also discusses the portrayal of Tel Aviv in the works of modern Israeli poets.
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The development of the Jewish community in Kolín in the 18th century. The population, crafts, administration in comparison
Věchetová, Zuzana ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (referee)
The comparison of two biggest jewish communities in the Czech country, Kolín and Libeň, show us in virtue of performed research the different making of them. On the one hand its population grew in the same way up. Many of the inhabitants come from other cities, mainly from Nový Bydžov and Praha, also some from Poland or Germany. On the other hand show the differents in crafts, taxes collection and administration. In Kolín were more tradesmen and merchants, in Libeň dominated the manufacturing of clothes. The real jewish ribbon manufacture in Libeň was established at the end of eighties of 18th century. Surprising is result of research the taxes. The Jews from Kolin, although they had less incomes, had to collect twice more contribution tax than the Jews from Libeň. The contribution tax rises about one third during the 18th century. The administration of Jews in Kolín was privileged due to direct management of Czech chamber. But the the economic situation was different, the Jews from Libeň were for Praha more important. The digest from reviewed sources perform the schedule of office holders, tables and graphs in supplement. Also the picture supplement is included.
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Likutei Amarim and Hasidic Spirituality
Holubová, Markéta ; Nosek, Bedřich (advisor) ; Sadek, Vladimír (referee) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (referee)
Likutej amarim a chasidská spiritualita Likutei Amarim and Hasidic Spirituality Mgr. Markéta Holubová The aim of my thesis has been to offer to a Czech reader a translation of the fundamental parts of the work, which represents one of the peaks in Hasidic literature (and was unavailable in Czech language up to this time) and to point out profundity and imaginativeness in Zalman' s work. I have tried to make the commentary a comprehensive guide to the enclosed text, taking into account religion-historic background in order to show the power and originality of Shneur Zalman's personality and to show the influence his work has had on modern Hasidism.
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Old Czech glosses in the writings Or zarua and Arugat ha-bosem
Uličná, Lenka ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Sadek, Vladimír (referee)
České glosy v středověkých hebrejských spisech se doposud nesetkaly s patřičným zájmem české ani zahraniční bohemistiky; ten se zatím omezoval na všeobecné zmínky a pobídky k výzkumu. Na opomíjení tohoto bohatého lingvoliterárního materiálu poukazovala a poukazuje zejména česká hebraistika. Je zřejmé, že bohemistika se musí zabývat i texty psanými v jiných jazycích, než je čeština či slovanské jazyky: dnes již snad nikdo nepochybuje o zařazení latinských textů české provenience do dějin naší literatury, postupně přijímány jsou i texty psané německy mluvícími autory, hlásícími se k českému území a kultuře. Písemnictví česko-hebrejské, tedy texty psané hebrejským jazykem českými Židy, stojí doposud v pozadí. Hebrejské středověké spisy jsou nejen významnými literárními památkami z doby, z níž se do současnosti nedochovalo mnoho textů; jsou zároveň i nedoceněným pramenem poznání života tehdejších obyvatel Českého království, a to jak židovských, tak i nežidovských. Obzvlášť pozoruhodným aspektem těchto spisů je právě přítomnost českých, resp. jinojazyčných glos. Problémem byla a nadále zůstává jazyková bariéra: středověké hebrejské spisy především z oblasti rabínské literatury se sice ve světě od 19. století znovu vydávají, nikdo je však nepřekládá. 1.2 V předkládané práci se pokusím shrnout doposud publikované...
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The development of the Jewish community in Kolín in the 18th century. The population, crafts, administration in comparison
Věchetová, Zuzana ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (referee)
The comparison of two biggest jewish communities in the Czech country, Kolín and Libeň, show us in virtue of performed research the different making of them. On the one hand its population grew in the same way up. Many of the inhabitants come from other cities, mainly from Nový Bydžov and Praha, also some from Poland or Germany. On the other hand show the differents in crafts, taxes collection and administration. In Kolín were more tradesmen and merchants, in Libeň dominated the manufacturing of clothes. The real jewish ribbon manufacture in Libeň was established at the end of eighties of 18th century. Surprising is result of research the taxes. The Jews from Kolin, although they had less incomes, had to collect twice more contribution tax than the Jews from Libeň. The contribution tax rises about one third during the 18th century. The administration of Jews in Kolín was privileged due to direct management of Czech chamber. But the the economic situation was different, the Jews from Libeň were for Praha more important. The digest from reviewed sources perform the schedule of office holders, tables and graphs in supplement. Also the picture supplement is included.
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Jewish Fables. Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Nakdan "Mishle Shu'alim"
Hynková, Cecílie ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor)
Práce se zabývá sbírkou bajek s názvem Mišle šu'alim židovského autora Berechji ben Natronaje ha-Nakdana (12./13. století, Francie či Anglie). Text je zasazen do kontextu prostřednictvím představení žánru bajky a uvedení jeho zástupců v židovské starověké a středověké literatuře (Bibli, Talmudu, midraších a několika středověkých dílech). Stěžejní část práce obsahuje informace o autorovi a jeho dílech, charakteristiku a rozbor sbírky a přehled dochovaných rukopisů, všech známých vydání a existujících překladů sbírky či jednotlivých bajek. Zvláštní pozornost je věnována pražskému jezuitskému vydání z roku 1661. Součástí práce je i komentovaný překlad tří vybraných bajek. This thesis deals with the fable collection called Mishle Shu'alim, written by the Jewish author Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Nakdan who lived in the 12th/13th century either in France or in England. The aim of this thesis is to introduce the work along with the genre of the fable and its examples in Jewish literature of the Antiquity and the Middle Ages (Bible, Talmud, midrashic literature and a few of medieval scripts). The essential part of the thesis contains information about the author and all his works, characterization and analysis of the collection, and the list of the existing manuscripts, all known editions, and all...
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