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New Neurophysiological Indicators Measuring, Monitoring and Evaluating in Selected Psychiatric Disorders
Šóš, Peter ; Höschl, Cyril (advisor) ; Libiger, Jan (referee) ; Hájek, Milan (referee)
There is increasing amount of new knowledge in neuropsychiatric research, partially as a result of application of new neurophysiological methods of quantitative electroencephalography. This is because these techniques have good temporal resolution, are relatively non-invasive and economical. Different experimental paradigms and electroencephalographical analytical techniques are reviewed, with their potential applications in the assessment of psychiatric disorders. In the theoretical part the principles of some methods of quantitative electroencephalography, especially are described: EEG coherences, QEEG cordance and LORETA. Next chapter contains basic information about panic disorder and major depressive disorder followed by findings in functional imaging studies which are associated with the selected psychiatric disorders. Separate section is devoted to the prediction of antidepressant response. The empirical part of the thesis consists of a set of the five original papers about application of QEEG methods in a population of psychiatric patients (Bareš et al., 2010; Kopeček et al., 2008; Kopřivová et al., 2009; Šóš et al., 2008; Šóš et al., 2013). In Study 1, we followed the localization of EEG sources by means of brain electromagnetic tomography with low resolution (LORETA) in patients with panic...
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New Neurophysiological Indicators Measuring, Monitoring and Evaluating in Selected Psychiatric Disorders
Šóš, Peter ; Höschl, Cyril (advisor) ; Libiger, Jan (referee) ; Hájek, Milan (referee)
There is increasing amount of new knowledge in neuropsychiatric research, partially as a result of application of new neurophysiological methods of quantitative electroencephalography. This is because these techniques have good temporal resolution, are relatively non-invasive and economical. Different experimental paradigms and electroencephalographical analytical techniques are reviewed, with their potential applications in the assessment of psychiatric disorders. In the theoretical part the principles of some methods of quantitative electroencephalography, especially are described: EEG coherences, QEEG cordance and LORETA. Next chapter contains basic information about panic disorder and major depressive disorder followed by findings in functional imaging studies which are associated with the selected psychiatric disorders. Separate section is devoted to the prediction of antidepressant response. The empirical part of the thesis consists of a set of the five original papers about application of QEEG methods in a population of psychiatric patients (Bareš et al., 2010; Kopeček et al., 2008; Kopřivová et al., 2009; Šóš et al., 2008; Šóš et al., 2013). In Study 1, we followed the localization of EEG sources by means of brain electromagnetic tomography with low resolution (LORETA) in patients with panic...
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Antidepressant effect of ketamine
Revayová, Anna ; Valeš, Karel (advisor) ; Šóš, Peter (referee)
Ketamine is used as an anaesthetic mainly in veterinary medicine and paediatrics. Thirteen years ago, interest in ketamine as an antidepressant emerged. Ketamine as an antidepressant works rapidly and is also effective in the case of patients suffering from treatment resistant depression.The main disadvantage of ketamine as an antidepressant is its psychotomimetic effect. Ketamine is an antagonist of the NMDA receptor, which has an important influence in brain activity. Through antagonism of this receptor, a large amount of processes can be affected, for example levels of glutamate, excitotoxicity, or density of other receptors. In addition, ketamine probably also affects the D2 receptors, but its role in this is uncertain. Ketamine influences synaptic plasticity and its effect can be modulated by repeated application, co-application with other drugs and other methods. Also gender seems to play role in the effect of ketamine. The aim of this work is to summarise possible mechanisms of effect of ketamine, its effect on synaptic plasticity and also possibilities of modulation of its effect. This thesis mentions the most important studies concerning ketamine as an antidepressant and possible future directions of research. Keywords: major depressive disorder, ketamine, antidepressant, NMDA antagonism,...
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Cost-effectiveness analysis of sequential therapy of depression
Šóš, Peter ; Lešetický, Ondřej (advisor) ; Novák, Tomáš (referee)
Applying pharmacoeconomic methods were compared two selected treatments of depressive disorder. Markov model was created to evaluate cost-effectiveness of the two strategies. Knowledge from the clinical practice and the clinical research findings of the author are linked with pharmacoeconomic techniques into a multidisciplinary complex. The proposed sequential therapy uses a prediction of antidepressant response by utilizing of recent quantitative electroencephalography methods. Sequential therapy is more cost-effective compared with the conventional therapeutic strategy according to clinical guidelines. The results and limitations of the study are discussed at the conclusion from clinical and economic perspective.
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