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Everyday cognitive functions in patiens with Borderline Personality Disorder
Krupníková, Hana ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
This thesis focuses on cognitive function in everyday life with an emotionally unstable personality disorder, border type. The theoretical part deals with the cognitive functions that have a selective approach in terms of importance within the research project. Chapters on borderline personality disorder contain an overview of the historical development of diagnosis, the diagnosis and further elaborate on diagnostic models of Kernberg and Millon. Both studies link the topics that deal with cognitive functions in individuals with this disorder. In the empirical part, which describes the research project, approaching test methods used. We try to verify the relationship between diagnosed emotionally unstable personality disorder (IPDE questionnaire) and cognitive functions in everyday life using ANT and questionnaires MFQ, CFFQ and MIA in the research and control group. The relationship of cognitive functions and subjective measured depressive symptoms is studied using the BDI-II and MADRS. Key words: Borderline Personality Disorder, cognitive functions, memory, attetntion, depression, cognitive deficit
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Partner infidelity - attitudes and real behavior
Taněvová, Hana ; Weiss, Petr (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
Cíl: Práce mapuje problematiku nevěry v současné české populaci, jejíž život poznamenaly výrazné společenské změny v posledních dvaceti letech. Sleduje například postoje k různým formám sexuálního chování napříč pohlavím a věkem, odlišnosti v postojích k nevěře vlastní a partnera, prevalenci nevěry dle pohlaví a náboženského přesvědčení, výskyt nevěry v partnerském vztahu z hlediska jeho vývoje v čase, vliv nevěry na partnerský vztah atd. Metody: Výzkum má charakter především kvantitativní. Metodou dotazníkového šetření sebraná data od celkem 215 respondentů (125 žen a 100 mužů) byla zpracována za pomoci deskriptivní a induktivní statistiky. Výsledky: Byly zaznamenány rozdíly v postojích k nevěře vlastní a partnera; starší respondenti jsou tolerantnější k nevěře, s výjimkou typů chování, jež byly do roku 1989 tabuizovány, potlačovány či rovnou kriminalizovány; subjektivní hranice nevěry respondentů jsou jednoznačně překročeny v momentě vzájemného tělesného kontaktu obou zúčastněných; prevalence nevěry u mužů byla zaznamenána především u příjmu služeb sexuálního průmyslu; první výskyt nevěry byl překvapivě nejčastěji uváděn hned během prvního roku partnerského vztahu; většinou byl zaznamenán nižší výskyt nevěry u věřících respondentů; pouze menší část respondentů uvedla pozitivní či negativní dopad...
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Analysis of psychotherapy sessions with GAI via computer methods
Natovová, Ludmila ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Uhrová, Eva (referee) ; Niederlová, Markéta (referee)
The aim of the presented dissertation thesis is to find out the answer for the question of how it is possible to process and evaluate by computer methods of data coming from psychotherapy sessions using the method of Guided Affective Imagery. The Guided Affective Imagery is a relatively young psychotherapy approach based on the European tradition of psychodynamic psychology which presumes that in assignment relatively indefinite motive in imagination during day dream comes to manifestation of a client's unconsciousness contents and conflicts, defensive mechanisms, resistance, motives and fantasy. The biofeedback device by which was the rate of heartbeat used during the whole session and computer programs for quantitative text analysis were used for verifying the usage of computer methods for the sessions' analysis. The quantitative text analysis focused on identification of primarily and secondarily measure of the item process in the preliminary part of a session, during the phase of imagination and at the final part of the session by two code systems. In a certain way the results indicate complementary progress of changes in the primary and secondary process when the highest representation of secondary process expressions was identified in the introductory part of the session whereas the highest...
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Relationship between individualism and narcissism
Bartoš, František ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Havlík, Radomír (referee) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The dissertation thesis focuses on the topic of individualism and non-clinical narcissism. The issue is seen first in the broad context of social sciences and also the results of empirical researches published hitherto are summarized in the first part. Subsequently, based on three questionnaire surveys (two of them have representative character), is researched the incidence of individualism and non-clinical narcissism in the Czech population as well as the interaction between these two phenomena. For the purposes of measuring of their incidence we adopted the scale of individualism and collectivism (INDCOL) and constructed our own valid instrument for measuring non-clinical narcissism. In the text there is also described the process of construction and application of these two instruments. The thesis pursues also wider consequences of non-clinical narcissism, emphasizing one's self-conception, sexual life, partner and other interpersonal relationships, professional life and occurrence of social-pathological behaviour.
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Psychological Connections of Exceptional Music Gift of Children
Sailerová, Veronika ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis discusses the key topics of researching musical talent. After an introductory chapter, which discusses giftedness in general, the focus turns to defining the basic concepts of musical giftedness, classifying musical abilities, and looking at the issue from historical perspective, and also the possibilities of identifying musical abilities and developing them further. The subsequent part explores the most important factors which influence musical talent: social environment, musical and personal factors. The empirical part is based on qualitative research of musicians with exceptional musical talent. Using case studies, it tries to show a specific form of musical talent and its individuality, as well as possible ways in which it can be manifested, thus complementing the findings of the theoretical part.
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Positive affectivity as an important part of well-being
Miňová, Noemi ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis is in its theoretical part dealing with religious and philosophical concerns in relation to positive affectivity and subjective well-being. It offers a review of contemporary theories on this topic. In the practical part, it tests the relations of the constructs which have an infuence on personal well-being: positive affectivity, satisfation with life and life engagement. Positive affectivity is assessed with the life orientation test (LOT-R: Life Orientation Test-Revisited, Scheier, Carver, Bridges, 1994), personal well-being with the satisfaction-with-life scale (SWLS: Satisfaction With Life Scale, Pavot et al., 1991) and meaningful life engagement with the life engagement test (LET: Life Engagement Test- Assesing Purpose in Life, Scheier et al. 2006). The test sample consisted of 301 respondents of the common population. Their average age was 38 years, the national contents were 188 people of the Czech citizenship and 113 people of the Slovak citizenship. No correlation was found between positive affectivity and gender, age, education nor nationality. Further there was no correlation between satisfaction with life and citizenship, gender and age. The same applies to life engagement and citizenship and age. On the contrary, the results show that there is a diference in the...
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Aggression and depression of sentenced drug abusers
Dvořák, Luděk ; Urbanová, Miluše (referee) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The postgraduate thesis is looking into possible links between depression or depressiveness and aggression or aggressiveness in relation to the psychosocial atmosphere of prison focusing on sentenced drug users. Our study is also verifying the assumption, that aggression might be typical coping mechanism of men to control the depression. The theoretical part is looking for potential links between terms depression and aggression based on technical knowledge in the literature studied; also pointing at gender conditioned ways of controlling a depression as well as connection between depression or aggression occurrence of sentenced and drug addicted sentenced individuals. The empirical part of the study is based on findings, included in the thesis as a prestudy I and gained through psychosocial atmosphere of specialized detachment of Příbram's prison in 2006 (Dvořák, 2006). By using the same technique as in pre-study I (SPK form) work verifies, if current level of psychosocial atmosphere in specialized detachment corresponds to the pre-study I situation. SPK form scale of aggression is here used as the comparative parameter. The postgraduate thesis is subsequently verifying the assumption of Rutz and his coauthors (1999), that aggression might be form of a depression control. Through CAE projective technique is...
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The concept of life events and their influence on health of individual:international comparison
Šonová, Barbora ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
Resumé The first part of the thesis is focused on the theoretical presentation of the life events concept and their influence on the health of man. After introductory definition of the focal idea of the thesis and brief description of the historical development of the life events research the author proceeds to the list of psychic and somatic illnesses that are most frequently connected with the occurence of life changes. The theoretical part of the thesis also deals with the factors on both an individual's and living environment side that may modify the perception of life events and their impact on the human health to a great extent. Furthermore the mechanisms of the influence of stress situations cannot be omitted. In a separate chapter the author deals with intercultural connection in the life events' concept. The thesis also pays attention to key methodological aspects of the research in the field of observation and in the end it covers other related themes that deserve to be noticed but could not be included in the theoretical part because of its limited scope. Last chapter briefly presents critical comments on discussed topic. In the empirical part of the thesis the author presents her own research that have been done at the sample of 258 Finnish and 257 Czech students. Using the set of...
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Feasibility of Non-Pharmacological Intervention in Therapy of Cognition Deficit in Czech Schizophrenia Patients - Computer-assisted Cognitive Remediation
Rodriguez Manchola, Mabel Virginia ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Horáček, Jiří (referee) ; Kulišťák, Petr (referee)
There is a body of scientific literature describing cognitive deficit in schizophrenia and the possibility of its remediation. However, in the Czech Republic, there have been so far just few studies that examined the topic. The objective of this work was to explore the feasibility of non-pharmacological intervention in the form of computer-assisted cognitive remediation of Czech schizophrenia patients with diagnosed cognitive deficit. Our results confirmed the positive short-term effect of targeted remediation of selective domains of cognitive deficit in patients with schizophrenia. Our findings suggested that 5 working memory function is the domain most sensitive to the structured intervention. These results are consistent not only with findings from other published studies that used similar computer method for remediation, but also with other studies that used different approaches. In addition, working memory function improved in the generalized form (visual intervention improved auditive function). Key words: Schizophrenia, cognition, deficit, remediation, computer
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Prediction criteria for re-offending in patients with constitutional ordered protective sexological treatment
Měchýřová, Petra ; Weiss, Petr (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The study deals with the predictive criteria of relapse of sexually deviant patients and builds on the previous older studies that have attempted to map out what are the significant predictors of relapsing by sexual deviants after successful completion of inpatient care. The aim was to verify whether reported predictors are really important for relapsing paraphiliaks. Given factors were age at onset of patients in inpatient care, employment, housing, education, family background and relationships in the family, relationships, sexual and nonsexual offenses (last sexology treatment), failure to complete treatment (running away from protective sexology treatment), sexology diagnosis and psychiatric diagnosis. The results of the work have been compared both with older Czech researches that have been conducted on this topic at the end of the 80ies, but also with foreign research. These works on recidivism of sexual offenders are presented in the theoretical part of this study, together with the definition of the concept of deviance and treatment options in the Czech Republic and abroad. Katamnestic research was conducted on patients who have successfully completed the institutional protective sexology treatment at the Psychiatric Hospital Prague Bohnice (since the inception of sexology department in...
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