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The Optimalization of Nutrition for Elderly People-Evaluating the Impact of Diet
Salfická, Monika ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Monika (referee)
Title: The Optimization of Nutrition for Elderly People-Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Diet Summary: This bachelor thesis deals with a question of nutrition and using diets in aging persons. The theoretical part focuses on explaining term of aging and old age in the field of gerontology. This part contains, inter alia, a description of the manifestations of aging on the appearance, movement and mentality. The next section informs about the "right" nutrition throughout life, as we age the moment we are born. In conclusion the theoretical part we find basic information on diet, malnutrition, obesity and diabetes mellitus. The empirical section presents the results of the survey. The survey involved 18 respondents from dietary counseling UROCONT Ltd. in Pardubice and 46 respondents of Flora. The aim of the study was to compare the data of men and women within the age categories. Learn how different Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR), Percent Body Fat (PBF) in patients affected by diabetes and patients healthy. Key words: aging, age, nutrition, diet, obesity, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, WHR, PBF, BMI, waist circumference
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The influence of parameters of samples on mechanical properties of biological materials
Roušarová, Pavla ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of biophysics and physical chemistry Candidate: Pavla Roušarová Supervisor: Mgr. Monika Kuchařová Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The influence of parameters of samples on mechanical properties of biological materials. In this diploma thesis I dealt with the influence of dimensions of samples of biological material, namely bovine bones, to change their mechanical characteristics measured in static and dynamic mode. Samples were measured on a dynamic elastomers developed at the Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry. For our experiment we obtained three samples that had different dimensions, in terms of width, height and length. It was the shin bone (tibia) of a young bull (Bos taurus primigenius f). Animal slaughter age was 20 weeks and the bones were obtained 1 day after slaughter. Impulse response for each sample was measured three times. After every fifth repeated measurements, the distance between the sample and movable measuring system has shrunk by 2 mm. The computer evaluated dynamic modul Ed and viscosity η - which we then transformed into a graph, such as dependence on length. Step characteristic for each sample was measured three times. After every fifth repeated measurements, the distance between the...
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Biomechanics of veins and vein's substitutes
Stošek, Zdeněk ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (advisor) ; Klemera, Petr (referee)
Mechanical properties of vessel walls influence many physiological functions of organisms and its health status. Biomechanical changes in mechanical properties of vessels accompany process of aging. Consequently, biomechanical characteristics may be marker of aging. Aim of this work was identification of biomechanical characteristics of pig aorta walls on the basis of measurement of impulse and transient mechanical responses of deformation on stress. Work also analyzed linearity of parameters. Measurements were performed by instruments developed on department of biophysics and physical chemistry.
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Measurement of the skin mechanical properties after application of the anti-aging product
Lejsalová, Alžběta ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of biophysics and physical chemistry Candidate: Mgr. Alžběta Lejsalová Supervisor: Mgr. Monika Kuchařová, PhD. Title of Thesis: Measurement of the skin mechanical properties after application of the anti-aging product The maintaince of youthful skin appearance is strongly desired by the sociaty nowadays. A lot of anti-aging strategies, agents and procedures have been already described but it is difficult to measure the effectiveness of these products and methods. Viscoelastometer developed at the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové offers a quick and painless measurement of basic mechanical parameters of the skin, stiffness and viscosity. Previous researches indicate that these parameters vary with age. The aim of this study was to determinate the effect of anti-aging product on these mechanical parameters. Twenty volunteers (women aged 25 - 67 years) used the tested product Vichy Liftactiv Serum 10 twice a day for two months. During the experiment skin mechanical properties were measured at the application site and the obtained values were compared by the t-test. The theoretical part is focused on characterizing the basic anatomical, physiological and biomechanical properties of the skin, describes the aging process...
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Influence of external conditions on biomechanical properties of biological materials.
Hrůšová, Eva ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
As a part of this thesis "Influence of external conditions on biomechanical properties of biological materials" was developed. Influence of duration of storing on biomechanical properties of vascular walls was observed in the concrete. Department of biophysics and physical chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy of Charles University in Hradec Králové puts brain to problems of mechanical properties of biological materials and also man-made materials for many years. First part is focused on description of current knowledge in area of mechanical properties of biological materials. Further are described different influences on mechanical properties of vascular wall. In the second practical part are described using materials. We used samples of aorta walls of domestic swine, samples are carved in horizontal and vertical direction. Process of measuring of impulse characteristics of pig's aorta on dynamical elastometer comes after. In this part are listed relations necessary for calculations of monitored mechanical parameters, which were dynamical modulus and viscous component of samples. In the last part are summed up results of our measuring.
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Compressibility of powder mixture with antifrictional agents.
Motlová, Tereza ; Řehula, Milan (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
The tablet is formed by the effect of compression force during compression process. The supplied energy is consumed in the formation bonds between particles and molecules of compressed material. For that reason it is important to determine the size of energy to be applied for forming tablets. The most common method for detecting the size of the energy is rating of force- displacement profile. In this work were monitored two factors affecting energy compressing. It was a compression pressures of size 5, 10 and 15 kN and research of the influence of frictional materials on the energy compressing. These effects were observed for tablets compressed from microcrystalline cellulose Avicel PH 102. As the frictional material was used magnesium stearate, Aerosil 200, Syloid AL - 1 and Syloid 244. As the parameters of energy were evaluated the following parameters: pre-compression energy E1, plastic energy E2, elastic energy E3, energy used for the compression Elis, total energy Emax and plasticity. The results of this work indicates that compression pressure increases the studied energy except plasticity, where is reduced of this parameter. The presence of friction substances reduces parameter E1, E2, Elis, Emax and plasticity and on the contrary increases the parameter E3.
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Methods of measurement and evaluation of biological age
Řeháková, Štěpánka ; Klemera, Petr (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate: Štěpánka Řeháková Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Petr Klemera, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: Methods of measurement and evaluation of biological age The theoretical part of this thesis deals with theories of aging, the concept of biological age, biomarkers of aging and the evaluation of various methods of determining of the biological age of people. Real data are evaluated in the practical part by using the program BIOLVEK. Simulated data with different selected parameters, generated and evaluated by program BIOLVEK, verify some characteristics of the methodology resulting from the theory. It is mainly about to assess the real possibility of estimating of the true variability of differences between biological and chronological age and about to what extent the inaccuracies of the estimate affect the error of estimate of biological age. Key words: biological age, biomarkers, estimation of biological age, aging
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: Viscoelasticity of bones - the methodology of measurement
Cihlář, Zdeněk ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Monika (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of biophysics and physical chemistry Candidate: Mgr. Zdeněk Cihlář Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Ing. Stanislav Ďoubal, CSc. Title of Thesis: Viscoelasticity of bones - the methodology of measurement The aim of the thesis was to verify the methodology of measuring the viscoelastic parameters of human bones using an apparatus enabling the measurement of dynamic characteristics. The method is based on measurement of deformation response of samples to short or rectangular impulse of force. The samples were obtained from femoral head. The methodology is therefore based on measuring of creep curves and impulse characteristics. Resulting damped oscillations were analysed. The transient and impulse characteristics in bending stress and twisting stress were obtained. Based on these characteristics, viscoelastic parameters of samples were determined (Young modulus, shear modulus and viscosity). The Poisson's number, indicating the ratio of transverse contraction to longitudinal extension of the material during deformation, was calculated using the values of Young's modulus and shear modulus. The measured values of the Young's modulus in bending stress vary in the range from 62MPa to 670MPa. The values of the shear stress modulus range...
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