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Analytical methods for hyaluronan
Černá, Lucie ; Mravec, Filip (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with of simple methods for determining the concentration of hyaluronan in aqueous solution and compares the performance of each selected methods such as UV -VIS spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and the method of determination by alcian blue. These methods were chosen for their simplicity and low cost of the assay. As the most reliable of these three methods, seems to be the method of IR spectroscopy. Determination of the concentration of HA by this method is relatively accurate at concentrations above 0.4 % in deionized water. The method of UV-VIS spectroscopy is based on a linear calibration curve determination, but no characteristic peak was detected, which means that this determination could be influenced by other components of the aqueous solution. Weak ionic strength and molecular weight of HA does not affect the determination. In the method with alcian blue, the results were quite unsatisfactory and does not correspond with the literature. Therefore, this method is not applicable in this form for determining the concentration of HA. Another option for determining the concentration of the HA is ELISA method. These are commercially produced kits suitable for determining low concentrations in low volumes. Its price is higher than the above- mentioned methods.
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Methods for determination of hyaluronan
Černá, Lucie ; Venerová, Tereza (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with a summary of individual method for determining of hyaluronan concentration, especially in aqueous solutions. Selected methods were compared to their functionality in university workplace. Any functional methods may be used for many purposes in university workplace in research of materials based on hyaluronan. It has been studied usability to assess residual content of hyaluronan in supernatant of gel formed from hyaluronan and surfuctant, in this thesis. We choosed sptectrophotometric methods, especially with UV spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy. Two precipitation methods using alcian blue were also tested. As the most reliable, the least demanding and specific method seems to be the method using IR spectroscopy, thanks to it we are able to determine the concentration of HA from 0.01 %. With this method, it has been found, that if there will be located some amount of HA in supernatant, it will be below the detection limit of assay. The remanining methods were modified to help determine the concentrations of HA, but works only in aqueous solutions. A possible variation for determination of very low concentrations of HA may be the method using ELISA kits. However their cost is higher than the above-mentioned methods.
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Derivatives of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate as potential inhibitors of UDP-GlcNAc pyrophosphorylase
Černá, Lucie ; Baszczyňski, Ondřej (advisor) ; Veselý, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the preparation of phosphonate derivatives of N-acetyl- ᴅ-glucosamine-1-phosphate (GlcNAc-1-P), the substrate for UDP-GlcNAc pyrophospho- rylase (UAP1) enzyme, which is responsible for the chitin synthesis in fungal cell walls. Structural analogs of GlcNAc-1-P could potentially inhibit UAP1 and; therefore, their synthesis may enable the development of new antifungal drugs. This work is mainly focused on the synthesis of diethyl (2-acetamido-1,2-dideoxy-β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl)phosphonate which was selected as a key model compound. The goal was to find the most suitable synthetic route leading to the synthesis of phosphonate and phosphinate GlcNAc-1-P analogues. Two synthetic methods were studied: 1) Michael addition of H-phosphonates to 2-nitroglucals; and 2) nucleophilic substitution of activated GlcNAc substrates (trichloroacetimidate and bromide) by phosphorus nucleophiles. Keywords: GlcNAc-1-P, UDP-GlcNAc pyrophosphorylase, antifungal, inhibitor
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Comparison of legal regulation of patents in the Czech Republic and the People's Republic of China
Černá, Lucie ; Rozehnal, Aleš (advisor) ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
Comparison of legal regulation of patents in the Czech Republic and the People's Republic of China - Abstract This thesis compares legal system of patents in Czech Republic and People's Republic of China with the focus on Patent Laws and other legislation in respective countries. The aim of this paper is to present the approach that Czech and Chinese society adopted with respect to patent law, together with its' historical evolution in both compared countries. This historical insight into the evolution of patent legislation is aimed to help the reader to understand, why certain legislation is present in national patent laws, even though both countries are members of WTO and WIPO and parties to Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. Another goal of this thesis is to compare the national patent legislation of individual patent institutes, to highlight the differences of such patent institutes and map the influence that the international treaties and international organizations have on the national patent legislation of its' respective country. Finally, this thesis will attempt to briefly introduce the Chinese system of patent enforcement and its practical application when the patentee seeks patent enforcement with Chinese authorities. This diploma thesis is divided into four chapters. The...
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The Principles of Animation
Černá, Lucie ; Raudenský, Martin (advisor) ; Komrska, Tomáš (referee)
The work maps the beginning of historical development of animation production. It reflects the raise of new technologies to the branch and related formal and content change. Based on own production reflexion, there is further developed didactical project for children that uses reach possibilities of so called principles of animation. Key words: animation, lively film, animation techniques, animation production, Czech animation, child animation, didactical project, history of animation, principles of animation, world animation
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Professional ethics in the practice of attorney-at-law
Černá, Lucie ; Sláma, Milan (advisor) ; Kosek, Jan (referee)
Professional ethics in legal practice Key words: ETHICS, ADVOCACY, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS The primary subject of my diploma thesis is professional ethics related to carrying out advocacy in the Czech Republic and institutions related to the ethics of solicitors. The reason for my choice of the aforementioned subject is mainly my experience in a legal office, where I have encountered many positive and negative approaches to carrying out this profession, and also the public's interest in the ethics of advocacy, which is growing concurrently with the rising needs of citizens to use services by legal consultants and representatives. In the first chapter of my work I describe the key terms (ethics, morals, law), definition of which is fundamental for understanding the issue of professional ethics and I also outline the mutual relations between these terms. In the second chapter I briefly present the short but varied history of advocacy in the Czech Republic, which began in the 12th Century. The third chapter focuses on definition of the institute of professional ethics. The first part concerns professional ethics as a set of moral standards valid for a specific profession and the second part defines professional ethics in relation to carrying out advocacy. The third part of the third chapter is called the...
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