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Anesthesiological diffíeulties arising in the surgical treatment of chronic pulmonary hypertension
Kunstýř, Jan ; Lindner, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vaněk, Tomáš (referee) ; Černá, Alena (referee)
Pulmonary hypertension is a serious syndrome with very unfavorable prognosis. It encompasses numerous diseases and the only one which is surgical ly treatable is chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is a curative method for select patients with surgically accessible thrombotic obstruction. It involves not only the operation itself, but also complicated diagnostics, preoperative preparation, and sophisticated postoperative intensive care. According to contemporary world reviews of professional literatuře, mortality rates following PEA, range from 5 to 24 percent. Better results with lower levels of mortality as well as morbidity are unambiguously proven in the centers with more experience where the highest numbers of such surgeries are undertaken. Good team work is an essential condition for a successíul PEA program and the anaesthetist is its indispensable member. Anaesthesia of patients with chronic right ventricle dysfunction undergoing cardiac surgery using extracorporeal circulation brings about several diffíeulties and we tried to deal with them in our work. This kind of operation was not available in the Czech Republic and the íirst goal of our work was to implement this surgical program in its complexity - including anaesthesia and intensive postoperative...
The composition of the team at the intensive care and its optimalization.
Pospíšilová, Kateřina ; Prošková, Eva (advisor) ; Černá, Alena (referee)
The thesis is devoted to the issue of the number of nursing staff at the intensive care unit. The theoretical part deals with general characteristics of the team, which also specify the environment of nursing at the intensive care unit. The specification concerns with the representation of the individual nursing professions, their education and jobs skills. I try to map out legal and non - legal regulations determining or recommending the number and the composition of nursing staff at the intensive care and resuscitation units. The last chapter of the theoretical part is concerned with the issue of optimalization of the nursing team. The practical part is focused on analyzing data collected from the research on the topic mentioned above. To obtain the data I chose the method of quantitative research using a structure questionnaire. The aim of the practical part is to determine consistency or inconsistency between the legal and non - legal rules and their implementation in practice.
A thousand may fall at your side. Ladislav Rašín during the 2nd World War
Černá, Alena ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šmíd, Marek (referee)
A thousand may fall at your side. Ladislav Rašín during the 2nd World War. Abstract The bachelor thesis follows the fate of Ladislav Rašín, an important member of National Democratic party, between the years 1938-1945. It focuses on his involvement in the activities of the resistance group Politické ústředí, and subsequent years spent in several German prison houses. Rašín's closest relatives will also be considered in the thesis, as the entire family poignantly illustrates the dramatic turns of fate which many of the leading 1st Republic families endured during the 2nd World War and Nazi occupation. Of particular interest are Ladislav's mother Karla Rašínová (a widow of the assassinated Minister of Finances Alois Rašín) and his wife Marie, since both of them were also involved in resistance activities. Using their contacts, they were even able to reverse the death sentence pronounced upon Rašín and his resistance colleagues in the year 1941. Despite this triumph, their determined fight for a beloved son and husband inevitably ends in tragedy.
Old Czech medical terminology - names of diseases, their signs and symptoms
Černá, Alena
Mottem této práce jsou slova, která zapsal téměř před sto lety František Michálek Bartoš. Je podivuhodné, jak staré česky psané lékařské texty zůstávají v archivech, stranou valného zájmu odborníků. Není to z nedostatku materiálu, neboť pro období středověku, v němž se konstituovaly počátky české lékařské vědy a s ní pochopitelně i české lékařské terminologie, máme k dispozici mimořádně velké množství lékařských textů. "Reprezentantem" těchto textů, o nichž bude podrobně pojednáno v příloze k této práci (viz s. 210-217), je pro tuto práci soubor lékařských památek, které zvolil pro svou materiálovou bázi Staročeský slovník;2 jejich fotokopie jsou uloženy v oddělení vývoje jazyka Ústavu pro jazyk český Akademie věd ČR. 3 Tyto památky jsou nezřídka značně rozsáhlé a dochovaly se v četných, často variantních rukopisech. Jedná se o 13 rukopisů převážně z 15. století, k nimž jsem se rozhodla připojit ještě rukopis zvaný Vnoučkovo lékařství (z počátku 16. století), v němž jsou obsaženy texty z minulého období. Tyto prameny jsou základem mé práce, i když jsem využívala i mnohých jiných zdrojů, o nichž se zmíním později. Na tomto místě chci poukázat na skutečnost, že v knihovnách a archivech je uchováváno mnohem více středověkých památek tohoto druhu, než bylo dosud známo a než se předpok1ádá10. Jsou to památky,...
INFLUENCES ON THE MASTER OF THE ST. GEORGE ALTARPIECE
Černá, Alena ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Klípa, Jan (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the impact of Netherlandish art on the work of an anonymous painter known as the Master of the St. George Altarpiece. Under the influence of Netherlandish realism he introduced in his main work, the Marian altarpiece called of St George, the first spatially unified landscape in Bohemian art along with other motives that draw inspiration from the Netherlandish painting of the post-Eyck era. He was head of a workshop most likely located in Prague that produced other works such as the Thun triptych or the St. Barbara altarpiece, in which the rendering of pictorial space goes even further. After an examination of the artist's body of work an attempt is made to trace the sources of the Neherlandish motives in his paintings and examine what role played his stylistic background in such a transmission. Keywords Master of the St. George altarpiece, Death of the Virgin, 15th century painting, Nuremberg, Prague, Master E.S., influence of Netherlandish art, ars nova
Terminology in Daniel Adam of Veleslavín´s Nomenclators
Černá, Alena M.
The paper is based on two ideological (or systemic) dictionaries by Daniel Adam of Veleslavín: Latin-Czech-German Nomenclator .... tribus linguis from 1586, and Czech-Latin-Greek-German dictionary Nomenclator quadrilinguis from 1598. We mainly focus on the semantic fields analysis of the vocabulary related to viticulture, medicaments, and medical treatments. In order to better explain the foreign term, Veleslavín often mentioned more Czech one-word equivalents for one foreign word (e.g. vinař, vinohradník – vine-grower) or equivalents of foreign (i.e. not originally Czech) origin (e.g. gargara – gargle). In case a one-word equivalent did not exist, Veleslavín used differently structured group of words and periphrases to convey the meaning (viničná tyčka – vineyard bar, lékařství pro kejchání – medicine for sneezing, mast na dírky potové – sweat-holes liniment, lékařství, kteréž vrásky shlazuje a shání – medicine that smooths up wrinkles). The dictionaries contain rather few neologisms. In case of new derivations and compounds, we find word-formation techniques applied in accordance with the Czech language system (hříženice, i.e. grapevine offshoot, zubitrh, i.e. who pulls out teeth). Most of the newly created lexemes did not survive till the contemporary Czech and they are only to be found in the dictionaries originating in Veleslavín`s lexicographical works, especially those by K. Z. Vusín and J. K. Rohn, as well as J. Dobrovský and J. Jungmann.
On Dictionary Transmissions
Černá, Alena M.
Daniel Adam of Veleslavin (1546-1599) is rightly considered the founder of the Czech lexicography. His work has been followed by subsequent generations and his Czech became the model for the period of the Czech National Revival. This paper pursues several metaphorical lexical units that Veleslavín first used in his dictionaries (especially in his Nomenclator quadrilinguis dictionary dating back to 1598): little-wolves = wind, kittens = catkins, wine molech = a drunkard, baker's soul = pores in a hunch of bread. These metaphors, which undoubtedly existed in the Humanist language, were taken over by more recent lexicographers and lexicographic works (from V. J. Rosa up to the Reference Dictionary of Czech Language), such a fact contributes to the understanding of the lexicographic method of the past periods. At the same time, the question arises as to whether these metaphors were actually used in spoken Czech, or they only appeared in the given dictionaries as a reflection of the lexicographical work of the influential Humanist scholar. In the analysis, we also describe the changes that affected the forms and meaning of the metaphors as well as, in some cases, do we describe even new lexical units that replaced or supplemented these metaphors.
Gene expression of mutant alleles and X inactivation pattern in patients with selected X-linked disorders
Černá, Alena ; Dvořáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Sedláček, Zdeněk (referee)
In comparison to men, the number of X-linked genes is doubled in women as they have two chromosomes X while men are hemizygotes for X-linked genes. This imbalance is compensated by X inactivation (XCI) process, also known as primary X-inactivation, occurring in the early stage of embryogenesis. X inactivation is a random process and females are mosaics of two cell populations. The ratio of expressed alleles in women can be random (50:50) or skewed (≥80:20). The skewed X inactivation may occur due to selection when one of the alleles is preferentially inactivated (secondary X inactivation). In this study XCI status in heterozygous females with various severity of phenotypic symptoms and traits in selected X linked inherited metabolic diseases is analysed, with the focus being Fabry disease - the deficiency of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A encoded by GLA gene. Moreover, XCI in one family with X linked agammaglobulinemia is examined. Mutant alleles and XCI status based on various loci, different methodical approaches and different tissues is subjected to examination. For the first time, the direct analysis of GLA gene transcript to detect the allele ratio was used alongside with the single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the IDS and LAMP genes for allele-specific expression (ASE) and the AR, RP2 and...

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