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Supporting grassland biodiversity through small-scale fallows
Fabšičová, Martina ; Frei, I. ; Jiroušek, M. ; Smetanová, S. ; Šipoš, Jan ; Trnka, F. ; Vymyslický, T. ; Winkler, J. ; Zdražílková, M.
The main goal of the methodology presented here is to propose a system of recommendations for applying fallow in nature conservation based on our experiments. Due to the independence of agricultural land outside specially protected areas with direct payments from the Ministry of Agriculture, it is currently important to apply the methodology, especially in large protected areas where the primary objective is to preserve natural and cultural heritage. Annual and perennial fallows, i.e. biotopes adapted toregular soil disturbance, offer suitable habitats for a number of now-threatened plant and animal species. This is a technically and economically easy solution, but it is challenging to select a suitable location to achieve maximum efficiency. Ploughing must not be used in species-rich grasslands which would lead to ruderalization and degradation of the native vegetation. Furthermore, it must not be carried out on land at risk of erosion. Linear grassland margins, which have been ploughed in the past, recently grassed fields, fallows, and field margins should be selected for fallow management. Nearby populations of invasive plant species can be a problem. Our recommendations for the use of fallow management relate primarily to land in lowland and upland areas with a lower soil nutrient supply.
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Fallow management on grasslands and pastures
Fabšičová, Martina ; Frei, I. ; Jiroušek, M. ; Smetanová, S. ; Šipoš, Jan ; Trnka, F. ; Vymyslický, T. ; Winkler, J. ; Zdražílková, M.
The presented methodology summarizes the results of long-term research of fallows and provides important information for a large spectrum of users. We present here thepossibilities, of how small-scale fallow management can practically adapt into the current meadow and pasture management system. The methodology is aimed primarily at theagricultural public. The users will find here the tested methodological procedures and recommendations for practical inclusion of fallows into the management plans. It isrecommended here to create fallows on the edges of meadows and pastures adjacent to other habitats, such as steppes, balks, bushes, forests, or arable land. Fallows then play the role of ecotones, i.e. transitional habitats. The greatest diversity of both plant and animal species is generally concentrated in such habitats. Fallows enable the survival, restoration, and strengthening of populations of rare and endangered plant species, not only weeds. Furthermore, fallows will support the occurrence of a whole range of groups of invertebrates,including useful pollinators and predators of cultivated plant pests. Last but not least, follows create a valuable habitat for different vertebrates, especially birds. Fallows are becoming then the islands of biodiversity in the agricultural landscape.
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Teachers as actors of education policy: A conceptualization of actors in public policy and an application of selected approaches on the example of teachers
Mouralová, Magdalena ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Malíková, Ludmila (referee) ; Winkler, Jiří (referee)
The doctoral thesis has primarily a theoretical character and outcomes. The focus of interest is formed by a detailed investigation of the actor concept in key theoretical approaches to contemporary public policy; the results are subsequently applied on the example of education policy, particularly on teachers as a specific actor category. The goals of this thesis are: 1) to describe how the words "actor", "agent" and "stakeholder" (which all translate as "aktér" in the Czech language) are used in public policy articles; 2) to introduce and compare selected public policy approaches working with actors; 3) to model how these approaches are used in the case of teachers (as actors) and the policy of tracking; 4) to create a comprehensive conceptual framework for the public policy research on actors. The analytical part of the doctoral thesis is based on a summative content analysis of public policy texts published in four extensive handbooks of public policy.
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Theory and Practice of Evaluation Research in theCzech Republic
Remr, Jiří ; Jeřábek, Hynek (advisor) ; Hendl, Jan (referee) ; Winkler, Jiří (referee)
The main focus of presented thesis is the in-depth analysis of major patterns of how the evaluation methodology is applied within the Czech society environment. The starting point is identification of key processes and activities that distinguish evaluation from other activities and disciplines. Based on comparative analysis among evaluation, primary research, monitoring and auditing the crucial features are defined and further supplemented by other characteristics of the procedural nature. The whole series of researches focus on the extent in which the evaluation methods, techniques and procedures are applied in everyday practice. In this respect, there were identified three different and uncorrelated branches that serve as application environment for routine deployment of evaluation inquiries. Following secondary goals of our thesis, each of the branches represent different example of how the evaluation could be applied/implemented. Desk-research informs about actual patterns of how the evaluation is performed by external evaluators who work for Managing Authorities of EU Operational Programs, it also shows how internally based self-evaluation is performed and last but not least, how the hybrid evaluation based on expert judgment principles could be utilized for evaluation of bachelor thesis. Specific...
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Green Card - a card wich does not attract or evaluation of simplified employment of foreigners
Solnářová, Dagmar ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Winkler, Jiří (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is the evaluation of the project of green cards which is a Czech version of the programme of advantageous employment for the foreigners. Green card represents a special type of visa authorization which the citizens from selected countries outside of EU and EEA can apply for. The project was supposed to attract the foreign workers to come and work in Czech Republic in the fields with high demand of labour force, and thus to meet the needs of employers and to stabilize the situation on the labour market. It was expected that it would raise the interest of tens of thousands of foreigners. However, in reality the program is used to the minimal extent and to these days (or so to say by the end of 2012) Czech Republic issued less than four hundred green cards. Therefore, the main aim of this thesis is to define the reasons behind the low and unsatisfactory use of this programme. The thesis is based on the theory of implementation. The main theoretical basis represents: top-down institutional framework of P. Sabatier and D. Mazmanian and an instrumental approach combining multiple perspectives of various authors. Hence the design of the research can be characterised as a case study in which both qualitative and quantitative research methods are applied. Specific data...
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Third-country Young Immigrants' Transition to Work and Activation Policies in Europe: A comparative case of Austria, Czech Republic, and Finland.
Esien, Eddy Bruno ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Winkler, Jiří (referee) ; Hiekischová, Michaela (referee)
in English. Eddy Bruno Esien, Dissertation Thesis The purpose of this dissertation seeks to find out how young third country immigrants` transition from welfare to all types of work take place in Austria, Finland, and the Czech Republic and how is the role of their employment services in work-related activation programs implementation to smoothing this process. The thesis consists of an Introduction and sixteen included articles. The dissertation is based on a qualitative cross-national comparative fewer case study approach, in which both primary and secondary data were collected for analysis. The main research question was: How does young third country immigrants` transition from welfare to all types of work take place in Austria, Finland, and the Czech Republic and what is the role of their employment services in work-related activation programmes implementation to smoothing this process? In more detail research questions included: (a) the roles of the governments, public and private employment service agencies in the implementation of work-related activation program to enable young third country immigrant's transition from welfare to all types of work in Austria, Finland and the Czech Republic; (b) the relationships between the public and private employment service agencies and the Governments in...
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Teachers as actors of education policy: A conceptualization of actors in public policy and an application of selected approaches on the example of teachers
Mouralová, Magdalena ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Malíková, Ludmila (referee) ; Winkler, Jiří (referee)
The doctoral thesis has primarily a theoretical character and outcomes. The focus of interest is formed by a detailed investigation of the actor concept in key theoretical approaches to contemporary public policy; the results are subsequently applied on the example of education policy, particularly on teachers as a specific actor category. The goals of this thesis are: 1) to describe how the words "actor", "agent" and "stakeholder" (which all translate as "aktér" in the Czech language) are used in public policy articles; 2) to introduce and compare selected public policy approaches working with actors; 3) to model how these approaches are used in the case of teachers (as actors) and the policy of tracking; 4) to create a comprehensive conceptual framework for the public policy research on actors. The analytical part of the doctoral thesis is based on a summative content analysis of public policy texts published in four extensive handbooks of public policy.
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Integrated weed management in cereals
Smutný, V. ; Winkler, J. ; Klem, Karel
Certified methodology summarized knowledge about the impact of different non-direct (preventive) agronomic measures (crop rotations, soil tillage, fertilization using organic fertilizers and straw management) on weeds (weed seedbank and actual weed infestation), from qualitative (weed specie composition) and quantitative (intensity occurrence) point of view). There is also particular focus on rationalization of chemical methods of weed management (herbicide application). Principles of decision-making rules based on establishment of economic thresholds, optimal timing of application and optimization of herbicide doses. There is a potential for decrease of applied herbicides in cereals using of this approach, which brings not only considerable economic savings, but also reduction of negative environmental effect caused by herbicide use.\n\n
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Green Card - a card wich does not attract or evaluation of simplified employment of foreigners
Solnářová, Dagmar ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Winkler, Jiří (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is the evaluation of the project of green cards which is a Czech version of the programme of advantageous employment for the foreigners. Green card represents a special type of visa authorization which the citizens from selected countries outside of EU and EEA can apply for. The project was supposed to attract the foreign workers to come and work in Czech Republic in the fields with high demand of labour force, and thus to meet the needs of employers and to stabilize the situation on the labour market. It was expected that it would raise the interest of tens of thousands of foreigners. However, in reality the program is used to the minimal extent and to these days (or so to say by the end of 2012) Czech Republic issued less than four hundred green cards. Therefore, the main aim of this thesis is to define the reasons behind the low and unsatisfactory use of this programme. The thesis is based on the theory of implementation. The main theoretical basis represents: top-down institutional framework of P. Sabatier and D. Mazmanian and an instrumental approach combining multiple perspectives of various authors. Hence the design of the research can be characterised as a case study in which both qualitative and quantitative research methods are applied. Specific data...
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Theory and Practice of Evaluation Research in theCzech Republic
Remr, Jiří ; Jeřábek, Hynek (advisor) ; Hendl, Jan (referee) ; Winkler, Jiří (referee)
The main focus of presented thesis is the in-depth analysis of major patterns of how the evaluation methodology is applied within the Czech society environment. The starting point is identification of key processes and activities that distinguish evaluation from other activities and disciplines. Based on comparative analysis among evaluation, primary research, monitoring and auditing the crucial features are defined and further supplemented by other characteristics of the procedural nature. The whole series of researches focus on the extent in which the evaluation methods, techniques and procedures are applied in everyday practice. In this respect, there were identified three different and uncorrelated branches that serve as application environment for routine deployment of evaluation inquiries. Following secondary goals of our thesis, each of the branches represent different example of how the evaluation could be applied/implemented. Desk-research informs about actual patterns of how the evaluation is performed by external evaluators who work for Managing Authorities of EU Operational Programs, it also shows how internally based self-evaluation is performed and last but not least, how the hybrid evaluation based on expert judgment principles could be utilized for evaluation of bachelor thesis. Specific...
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