National Repository of Grey Literature 50 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Role of antioxidant defense in the synthesis of antidiabetic lipokines
Domanská, Veronika ; Kuda, Ondřej (advisor) ; Zouhar, Petr (referee) ; Vrkoslav, Vladimír (referee)
Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a recently discovered group of lipokines consisting of a fatty acid attached to a hydroxy fatty acid with an ester bond resulting in a diverse group of compounds with many different biological activities. Antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities are the most studied. The thesis aimed to study this group of bioactive lipids to elucidate the metabolism of FAHFAs and describe the role of antioxidant defense, namely peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6), in their biosynthesis with the help of isotopic labeling together with in vitro and in vivo experiments. All the samples, including white adipose tissue, liver, and even human breast milk, were subjected to untargeted or targeted lipidomic and metabolomics analysis using LC-MS/MS. We used the data from isotopically labeled experiments to describe the role of 5-PAHSA in glucose uptake and to show which specific pathways are stimulated by 5-PAHSA administration and which by insulin to compare the effect of both antidiabetic agents. In our samples, we analyzed TAG estolides, which function as intracellular reservoirs of FAHFAs, and managed to describe the role of specific lipases in their metabolism. We reported the role of Prdx6 and the specific enzymatic activity involved in synthesizing precursors that could...
Utilization of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of psychoactive substances in unconventional matrices
Nemeškalová, Alžběta ; Sýkora, David (advisor) ; Vrkoslav, Vladimír (referee)
Utilization of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of psychoactive substances in unconventional matrices Abstract The growing popularity of new products used as alternatives to the traditional illegal drugs represents a current challenge for toxicological laboratories, which are required to widen the range of analytical methods and aim at new analytes and matrices. This work focuses on two types of analytes, specifically, amphetamine-like stimulants and cannabinoids, and their analysis in a variety of complex matrices. An LC-MS/MS method suitable for the analysis of amphetamine-like stimulants in newborn meconium and breast milk was developed. The sample extraction was based on the principles of salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction, which can be considered a potential alternative to conventional extraction techniques. The analysis was performed using a reversed-phase chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode, and the method was validated for six analytes, namely amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4- methylendioxymethamphetamine, mephedrone, methylone and 3,4- methylenedioxypyrovalerone. Finally, the analysis of authentic meconium and breast milk samples confirmed the applicability of the method. An LC-UV-MS/MS method for the analysis...

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