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The effect of tree species on soil properties
Hüblová, Lucie ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Veselá, Hana (referee)
Soil quality and its ability to support plant growth and soil organisms is affected by the content of soil organic carbon which can also influence many soil properties. The biggest terrestrial reservoirs of carbon (C) are forests. The amount of C sequestered in soil depends on quantity and quality of organic matter returned to forest floor as leaf litter. For how long and how effectively the C will be stored in soil is largely dependent on the rate of decomposition of organic matter and stabilization mechanisms. In this work I compared data from 40 "common garden" experiments in which different tree species were planted in adjacent plots on homogenous soil. C storage was compared on three types of afforested soils with different previous land use. Forests and former arable soils represented the well- developed soils in late stages of pedogenesis. Post-mining sites represented soils where pedogenesis was in the initial state. I found out that soil age is the controlling factor of carbon sequestration. In well-developed soils more C was stored under conifers. In initial soils on post mining sites on the other hand more C was stored under broadleaves. A negative correlation between sequestered C and C:N ratio in leaf litter was found on post mining sites. The results suggest that different mechanisms...
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Importance of ecological stoichiometry in soil development.
Veselá, Hana ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Hruška, Jakub (referee) ; Bonkowski, Michael (referee)
Ecological stoichiometry is a useful tool for understanding of ecological dynamics and related processes. There are only rare informations about nutrient cycling and nutrient dynamics in plant- soil system in restoration areas after coal mining. Different plant species have developed own strategies and treat differently with nutrients which can influence nutrient cycling and consequent nutrient return to the soil. In thesis, I investigated ecological stoichiometry as one of key factors which controls soil development in post mining sites. In general introduction, known facts are summarized about e.g. plant traits, decomposition process, nutrient cycling and consequences for soil development and restoration practices. But still, relationship between leaves, plant litter, and soil is poorly understood in restoration areas. The results of a doctoral thesis are presented in five papers, out of which three have been published, one has been already submitted and one manuscript is prepared for publication in an international journal with impact factor. In the first presented publication, the influence of soil fauna was studied (especially earthworms) on soil development. Soil development differed significantly between sites afforested with different tree species and it is strongly influenced by the...
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Use of nanomagnets treated materials in study of decomposition
Vyhnálek, Michal ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Veselá, Hana (referee)
In study of soil organic matter, many methods of carbon labeling are used, mostly using carbon isotope 13 C, which are reliable, but require expensive devices. Magnetic nanoparticles could provide low-cost alternative, which can be prepared in most laboratories with basic equipment. The upside of nanoparticles usage is the fact, that we could monitor fate of individual particles added to soil, including their chemical transformations or changes in microbial communities. The goal of this paper was to test the usage of magnetic nanoparticles and prove the reliability of carbon labeling through experiment. KEY WORDS Magnetic nanoparticles, decomposition, soil organic matter
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Geogre Jeffreys, a deo rex, a lege rex. George Jeffreys, The king is from God, the law from the king
Veselá, Hana ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
This thesis subject is the life of George Jeffreys, an english judge living in 1645-1689 period, who presided the ,,Bloody Assizes" in the autumn of 1685. The main goal is to answer the question, whether he really deserved the names of ,,Hanging Judge" and ,,Bloody Judge" and if not, where this myth originated.
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