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Capital punishment
Babická, Kateřina ; Novotný, Oto (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
THE DEATH PENALTY The capital punishment is still a controversial topic in the Czech Republic as well as in the rest of the world today. Even though there are currently 139 countries that do not impose the death penalty by law or as a matter of practice, 58 countries continue to authorise the death penalty for a variety of crimes, including murder, adultery, corruption, rape and robbery. The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the main aspects of the death penalty in order to create a complex view of the issue. In addition to that, I attempted to look at the problem from an original point of view. The thesis is composed of eight chapters. Chapter One is the introduction to the topic. Chapter Two looks at the death penalty in the world today. The chapter is divided into several subchapters characterising the death penalty in the world today in general, the capital punishment and the juveniles, the scope of the death penalty, the capital punishment in practice and the international treaties. Chapter Three summarises the history of the legislation concerning the death penalty in the Czechoslovakia. Chapter Four is subdivided into two main parts. The first part describes the main theories concerning the purpose of the punishment in general. The second part examines relevant Czech legislation dealing with...
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The crime of theft under s. 205 of the Criminal Code
Šušák, Michal ; Říha, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the offence of theft, as the typical representative of all the offences against property. The reason for my research is to offer a comprehensive view to this difficult issue. My study is composed of four main chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of the topic. Chapter one is introductory and defines basic goals and a content of the text. This chapter also includes some considerations about the theft and about the thesis itself. Chapter two attempts to illustrate a historical introduction of the topic. It is subdivided into three main parts. The first part describes the oldest references about a theft in the history, the second part analyzes a development in the roman law and the third part is about the notion of the theft as it went through changes throughout Czech law history. Chapter three examines relevant Czech legislation. It is subdivided in four main parts. There are the nature of the offences against property and the legal formulations of offence of theft in current Act No. 40/2009 and in previous Act No. 140/1961 introduced in the first and second part of this chapter. The third part focuses on problems which followed the coming into force of the current law, such as complications caused by a new formulation of the theft and its consequences,...
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Crimes relatring to the abuse of addictive substances
Bohuslav, Lukáš ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
Crime Related to Substance Abuse The topic of my thesis is Crime Related to Substance Abuse which is focused on drug- related crime. The main aim of this work is to explain drug problematic in penal law consequences to the reader. First Chapter introduces the reader to drug problematic and drug addiction issue including drug crimes, defining health, social, psychological and economic risks and dangers which may be caused by drugs. The drug crimes are divided into few basic categories because of different rational motives why those crimes are committed. Then, several essential terms connected to drug abuse are explained. Second Chapter deals with classifying drugs into several categories and analyzing their different characteristics. Third Chapter concerns with international cooperation, including its history and current international law treaty's on drugs passed within the United Nations. Three essentials applicable and effective treaties are following: Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961), Convention on Psychotropic Substances (1971) and United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (1988). They involve international regulation and control of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The Czech Republic acceded and signed all of them. Theirs...
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Alternatives to unconditional sentence of imprisonment
Migová, Tatiana ; Vanduchová, Marie (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jiří (referee)
This Diploma Thesis deals with the alternative forms in criminal law which are able to substitute for unsuspended imprisonment. The alternative forms in criminal law are all forms which present specific reaction on crime and are not compound with imprisonment. This work concentrates on community sanction, especially on the compulsory work and the fine. The aim of diploma thesis is to evoke development of these forms and to analyse their legal regulation in Czech Republic and their problems in practice. It also offers view of the penal system according to new Code Penal with effect from January 1, 2010 and indicates the others expected changes in the legal regulation. The first part of my diploma thesis (including chapters 2 - 4) dwells on development of the alternative forms, their resources and the main reasons of their formation. The international organizations, especially OSN and The Council of Europe help to displacement of alternatives in penal system by recommendations and resolutions. These documents were often proposed by ungovernment organization. There is also briefly discussed a historical excursion focused on the development of the alternative forms since 1918 when the Czechoslovakia was originated. These chapters also introduce different definitions of alternatives in criminal law and their...
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