National Repository of Grey Literature 87 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Use of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) in perioperative medicine and its comparison with standard coagulation testing (PT, aPTT)
Jonáš, Jakub ; Durila, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vaněk, Tomáš (referee) ; Bláha, Jan (referee)
Assessment of the hemostasis is one of the basic components of patient care during the perioperative period. Coagulation tests, including prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen concentration, and platelet count, are standard in hemostasis testing. However, the method of their evaluation and the time availability of their results are not satisfactory, especially in the case of the life-threatening bleeding. For this reason, rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) as a viscoelastic method appears to be more promising. The aim of the first part of this work was to verify whether the relevant ROTEM results are more available in time than the results of standard laboratory tests in conditions of our facility. The correlation of comparable ROTEM parameters and standard coagulation tests was evaluated in the second part of the work. Then, the impact of the hemostasis assessment using ROTEM on the reduction of transfusion products used before invasive and surgical procedures was evaluated. Finally, it was also determined whether the implementation of ROTEM in the management of the perioperative bleeding influences the blood loss, consumption of transfusion products and length of hospital stay. The results of this work confirm that the evaluation of hemostasis using ROTEM is significantly...
Bayesiánské techniky analýzy ekonomických časových řad
Vaněk, Tomáš
This diploma thesis deals with bayesian techniques of economic time series analysis and contains two parts. In the first part the monetary transmission mechanisms of the Czech Republic, Germany and Cyprus are analysed using the bayesian vector autoregressive model with time-varying parameters and stochastic volatility. The second part evaluates the predictive performance of bayesian vector autoregressive models with different priors when predicting selected macroeconomic variables of the above-mentioned countries. In the second part combinations of predictions and their evaluation are also conducted.
Equipment for testing the front forks of motorcycles and e-bikes
Vaněk, Tomáš ; Jeniš, Filip (referee) ; Mazůrek, Ivan (advisor)
One of the most important parts of motorcycle and bicycle chassis is the telescopic fork. Its proper function is tested on pulsators. The manufacturers of the test pulsators clamp the suspension under test vertically and the load force is applied in the direction of the fork axis. However, the direction of the force changes when actually crossing bumps of different sizes. For this reason, an add-on device to the pulsator has been developed to simulate the real load waveform. In addition to suitable kinematics changing the direction of the force applied to the suspension, the movement of the end of the suspension must also be simulated. The designed device has the highest accuracy in simulating the forces at steering angle values between 20° and 30°. The attachment system to the pulsator frame is also an integral part, allowing a large number of suspensions with different dimensions to be clamped. Strength calculations have been carried out for the individual parts of the device with a maximum applied force of 3 kN. In order to further improve the loading kinematics, it is advisable to carry out tests of the wheel crossing over unevenness in reality and to adjust the device according to the results.
Postoperative delirium in patients after cardiac surgery
Vlk, Robert ; Suchopárová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Vaněk, Tomáš (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE 3. LÉKAŘSKÁ FAKULTA Ústav ošetřovatelství Robert Vlk Pooperační delirium u pacientů po kardiochirurgickém výkonu Postoperative delirium in patients after cardiac surgery Bakalářská práce Praha, červen 2018 1 Abstract The aim of this research is to find the predisposing factors of postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients, especially due to the use of extracorporeal circulation during cardiac surgery. The delirium itself causes prolongation of the hospitalization of the patient, increases the cost of treatment, and may further endanger the patient's health or life. Delirium also puts higher demands on the medical and nursing care provided to the patient. The ground for the research are 652 patients who were treated in 2016 at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague. Depending on the occurrence of postoperative delirium, they are divided into two groups. By determining the level of statistical significance, it is determined how the individual factors are important for predicting the occurrence of postoperative delirium. Quite surprising is the finding that the use of extracorporeal circulation alone is not associated with an increased risk of post-operative delirium. However,...
Legal forms of persecution of citizens in the Protectorate 1939-1945
Vaněk, Tomáš ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
standards, on the basis of which the confiscation of Jewish property occurred, are also discussed and described. In conclusion I summed up the personal knowledge and impressions, which I acquired during this project and the study of special materials. At the very end I focused on the question of reparations and compensation for damages and crimes under the Protectorate caused by the Nazis, especially on the compensation of the Jewish population of the Czech lands. Key words / Klíčová slova: persecution - perzekuce, Protectorate - Protektorát, legal forms - právní formy
Influence of crystalloid and colloid solutions on blood coagulation using the rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) method
Binterová, Silvie ; Durila, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vaněk, Tomáš (referee) ; Bláha, Jan (referee)
Fluid resuscitation with crystalloid and colloid solutions is a common treatment in perioperative medicine. However, a variety of unbalanced or balanced solutions is used in clinical practice and there is still a vivid debate going on regarding the selection of optimal fluid with minimal negative effect on coagulation. The goal of the dissertation was to investigate the adverse effect of balanced crystalloids and colloids on whole blood coagulation measured by method of rotational thromboelastometry. In the first phase of the work we had assessed the adverse effect of balanced crystalloid, hydroxyethyl starch and gelatin after dilution of blood with the solution in vitro. Parametrs of EXTEM and FIBTEM tests were evaluated by using rotational thromboelastometry. In the second phase of the work we evaluated the negative effect of infusion solution after dilution in vivo. We had obtained blood samples from 30 patients during knee arthroscopy before and after administration of 500 ml of crystalloid or hydroxyethyl starch or gelatin. Parametrs of EXTEM and FIBTEM tests were evaluated by using rotational thromboelastometry.In compliance with the results of the dissertation, hydroxyethyl starch has the most obvious negative effect on clot formation followed by gelatin and finally by crystalloids. Based on...
Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of quinones, terpenoids and their derivatives
Přibylová, Marie ; Vaněk, Tomáš (advisor) ; Smrček, Stanislav (referee) ; Hájek, Miroslav (referee)
Plant compounds play an important role in human medicine. They are a source of new drugs or serve as an inspiration for drugs' development. This thesis presents a study about syntheses of derivatives and biological activities of two groups of natural products, quinones and terpenoids. Terpenoids are plant secondary metabolites which are known for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumoral activities. We have focused on two representatives, paclitaxel and carvacrol. GnRH-paclitaxel anti-tumor conjugates potentially suitable for targeted delivery to cancer cells were prepared. Their antiproliferative activities in vitro were evaluated on MCF-7 cancer cell line and cytotoxicity in rat hepatocytes. Carvacrol and its derivative were tested for its possible anti- inflammatory effect, which was assessed in vitro as their potential to inhibit prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis via cyclooxygenase pathway. Quinones, other targets of the thesis, are well-known for biological activities similar to terpenoids. Thymoquinone, juglone and their derivatives were tested in vitro as inhibitors of cyclooxygenases and 5-lipoxygenase. Derivatives of juglone were prepared to help us to suggest structure-activity relationship of this compound. Thymoquinone and its derivatives were evaluated for their antioxidant capacity...
Anesthesiological diffíeulties arising in the surgical treatment of chronic pulmonary hypertension
Kunstýř, Jan ; Lindner, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vaněk, Tomáš (referee) ; Černá, Alena (referee)
Pulmonary hypertension is a serious syndrome with very unfavorable prognosis. It encompasses numerous diseases and the only one which is surgical ly treatable is chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is a curative method for select patients with surgically accessible thrombotic obstruction. It involves not only the operation itself, but also complicated diagnostics, preoperative preparation, and sophisticated postoperative intensive care. According to contemporary world reviews of professional literatuře, mortality rates following PEA, range from 5 to 24 percent. Better results with lower levels of mortality as well as morbidity are unambiguously proven in the centers with more experience where the highest numbers of such surgeries are undertaken. Good team work is an essential condition for a successíul PEA program and the anaesthetist is its indispensable member. Anaesthesia of patients with chronic right ventricle dysfunction undergoing cardiac surgery using extracorporeal circulation brings about several diffíeulties and we tried to deal with them in our work. This kind of operation was not available in the Czech Republic and the íirst goal of our work was to implement this surgical program in its complexity - including anaesthesia and intensive postoperative...
The Impact of Analgosedation on Heart Function
Omran, Nedal ; Černý, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vaněk, Tomáš (referee) ; Kieslichová, Eva (referee)
Introduction Nowadays, sedation has become an essential part of clinical practice. Despite this fact, we still lack data describing the exact impact of sedation on cardiac function. Objective The aim of this work is to compare the changes in cardiac function induced after sedation with midazolam or dexmedetomidine by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total of 30 volunteers were randomized into two groups: 15 patients in the midazolam (MID) group and 15 patients in the dexmedetomidine (DEX) group. Each participant underwent a one session MRI imaging of the heart during and after sedation administration. The following parameters were recorded: right ventricular (Pul-vol) and left ventricular (Ao-vol) stroke volume, maximal blood flow velocity through the aortic (Ao-flow) and through the pulmonary valve (Pul-flow) during systole, and maximal blood flow velocity through the mitral valve during early (E-diast) and late diastole (L-diast). The monitor recorded mean blood pressure (MAP), pulse (P), and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) at 5minute intervals. Results As for the parameters of ventricular systolic function dexmedetomidine decreased significantly Ao-vol (p = 0.006), Pul-vol (p = 0.003), Ao-flow (p = 0.048) and Pul-flow (p = 0.007). Midazolam also significantly decreased Ao-vol (p = 0.001), Pul-vol (p =...

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