National Repository of Grey Literature 21 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
The role of nutrition and physical activity in breast cancer patients
Kafková, Tereza ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Tesařová, Petra (referee)
Introduction: In most countries in the world, breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer diagnosed for women. A key factor that positively influences the prognosis of patients is physical activity, ideally supported by nutritional intervention. Adequate physical activity has a beneficial effect on increasing overall fitness and prolonging life of patients in the metastasis stage, especially in the subgroup of HER2+ patients. Furthermore, physical activity also improves the mental condition of patients. Aim: The aim of this research is to describe the effect of nutritional and physical exercise intervention for generalized breast cancer patients. The effectiveness of the interventions evaluated was based on the data from body composition measurements and the physical fitness test that was performed for the patients. Methodology: Data for this research was collected as a part of the ONKO-FIT program, which was created in co-operation with the Oncology Clinic of the General Teaching Hospital in Prague and the 1st Faculty of Medicine. The duration of this program was set for 3 months. The program was executed by 24 patients. Data was completely collected and evaluated for 13 of those patients. The patient's age range was from 39 to 57 years, with an average of 47 ± 6 years and the time since...
Loneliness in the Context of Existencial Hagiotherapy
Tesařová, Petra ; Racková, Barbora (advisor) ; Stretti, Sylvie (referee)
Loneliness represents an important existential aspect of being, which forms a necessary element of the internal dynamic structure of a human being. In direct encounter with this foundation of life, we experience anxiety, to which our psyche reacts with various defense strategies. If our efforts fail, its clinical manifestations begin. However, loneliness in the context of Existential hagiotherapy has not yet been further developed or explored. The master's thesis therefore tries to contribute to the opening of the discussion, offers a certain summarization of the sources that are crucial for hagiotherapy, and dares to propose some alternative perspectives. The theoretical part is devoted to the first aim of this thesis: Description of loneliness in the context of Existential hagiotherapy. Loneliness is discussed first from the point of view of I. D. Yalom's Existential psychotherapy, then from the point of view of M. Buber and E. Lévinas. Then the thesis focuses on the pair loneliness and relationship. The relationship appears in two forms - a way out of loneliness (M. Buber and E. Lévinas) and a defense against loneliness (I. D. Yalom). This is followed by the direct point of view of hagiotherapy, where loneliness is concretized as a violation of interpersonal relationships, alienation from the...
Problems of Listed Words in Czech Language Teaching
Tesařová, Petra ; Hájková, Eva (advisor) ; Doležalová, Eliška (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on problems of listed words in czech language teaching. The main aim of the thesis was to found the most effective method of listed words teaching in a third year of primary school. Theoretical part describes the position of listed words in Czech language and it search a pitfalls during the listed words teaching. The component of a teoretical part is also an analysis of Czech language textbooks for the third year of primary school. In the end of a theoretical part I was founding the other methods of listed words teaching which can be used in teaching. In practical part i was creating a materials for listed words teaching by selected teaching method (the method of word formation groups) and than i was verifying this method in a practical using. For the research investigation i selected qualitated method an action teaching research. With a group of six students i studyied by the method of word formation groups and than i compare them with rest of a class, which was teaching by traditional method of teaching. In conclusion of a diploma thesis i tested the both groups. In a final test i founded out, that the method of word formation groups is more effective than the tradiotional method. Keywords Listed words, teaching method, spelling, third year of primary school,...
Breast cancer in young women: correlation of molecular-genetic, clinical and morphological features
Metelková, Alena ; Fínek, Jindřich (advisor) ; Tesařová, Petra (referee) ; Ryška, Aleš (referee)
In the first part of the dissertation the author summarizes the current knowledge of breast cancer, which is the most frequent malignancy in female population. The author deals with etiology, classification, diagnostics, biological behaviour, therapeutical forms ranging from surgical treatment and radiotherapy, to systemic therapy. In the following part of the manuscript the author describes specifics of breast cancer diagnosed in premenopausal women. She describes how the risk factors, treatment and prognosis differ from the disease in postmenopausal women. Next section of the dissertation includes a retrospective case series evaluating group of patients with breast cancer ≤ 35 years. There were 16 294 cases of breast cancer proven histologically in Biopticka lab Pilsen, ltd. and Sikl's Department of Pathology, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, during 2006-2015. The cohort of patients in our retrospective study includes 356 young women (2,2%) with breast cancer, under 35 years of age by the time of setting the diagnosis. We sorted out a group of 93 patients from the basic cohort, that were or have been treated in the Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty Hospital in Pilsen. A control group consists of 100 postmenopausal women ≥ 65 years of age, chosen randomly from all patients treated in the...
Detection of minimal residual disease in bone marrow an peripheral blood in patients with breast cancer.
Čabiňaková, Michaela ; Tesařová, Petra (advisor) ; Konopásek, Bohuslav (referee) ; Macek, Milan (referee)
Introduction: Simultaneous detection of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) was shown to be associated with an especially poor prognosis and increased incidence of disease-related deaths in non-metastatic breast cancer patients. We analyzed the occurance of DTCs in bone marrow and CTCs in peripheral blood in patients with primary breast cancer, we evaluated the correlation of their presence with other prognostic markers and we investigated the changes in DTCs/CTCs number at different time points during treatment. Materials and methods: Blood of 50 patients with primary breast cancer were used for immunomagnetic separation and detection of circulating tumor cells using the commercial available system the AdnaTest Breast Cancer™ (AdnaGen GmbH, Langenhagen, Germany). Bone marrow aspirates from 50 patients were analyzed for DTCs by immunocytochemistry using the pancytokeratin antibody conjugated with FITC (Monoclonal Anti-Cytokeratin antibody F3418, Sigma Aldrich, USA). Results: DTCs were identified in 30% (15/50) and CTCs in 22% (11/50) of patients. We found that DTC positivity could point to a significantly high risk of larger primary tumor size (p- value 0.011) and significantly higher risk of lymph node involvement (p- value 0.002). For CTC positivity, no such...
Expression and prognostic value of microRNAs in patients with early breast cancer.
Sochor, Marek ; Tesařová, Petra (advisor) ; Slabý, Ondřej (referee) ; Hajdúch, Marián (referee)
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women and is prognostically very heterogeneous. Early breast cancer has an excellent overall prognosis with long-term survival above 90%. In this group we can also find patients with highly unfavourable progress with a risk of future disease relapse. Due to effective anticancer treatment is a main task of precise clinical decision to determine risk of an individual patient in the term of cancer relapse. We can use clinical (tumor diameter, lymph nodes) and pathological markers (grade, ER, PgR, HER2, and Ki-67), all of them have low individual sensitivity and specificity. Molecular tests based on multigene DNA or RNA assays have higher sensitivity and specificity but their interrelated concordance is low. One of the main scientific task is to find almost specific and sensitive prognostic biomarkers. microRNAs are small, highly stable, non-coding RNAs, which regulate tens of mRNAs and proteins inside cells. In cancerogenesis, they could act as oncogenes or tumor supressors as well and affect main steps of initiation and progression of cancer. One of the scientific directions is to determine their prognostic significance. Many experimental and clinical studies defining prognostic significance of miRs in early breast cancer was published but their data were...
Breast cancer in young women: correlation of molecular-genetic, clinical and morphological features
Metelková, Alena ; Fínek, Jindřich (advisor) ; Tesařová, Petra (referee) ; Ryška, Aleš (referee)
In the first part of the dissertation the author summarizes the current knowledge of breast cancer, which is the most frequent malignancy in female population. The author deals with etiology, classification, diagnostics, biological behaviour, therapeutical forms ranging from surgical treatment and radiotherapy, to systemic therapy. In the following part of the manuscript the author describes specifics of breast cancer diagnosed in premenopausal women. She describes how the risk factors, treatment and prognosis differ from the disease in postmenopausal women. Next section of the dissertation includes a retrospective case series evaluating group of patients with breast cancer ≤ 35 years. There were 16 294 cases of breast cancer proven histologically in Biopticka lab Pilsen, ltd. and Sikl's Department of Pathology, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, during 2006-2015. The cohort of patients in our retrospective study includes 356 young women (2,2%) with breast cancer, under 35 years of age by the time of setting the diagnosis. We sorted out a group of 93 patients from the basic cohort, that were or have been treated in the Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty Hospital in Pilsen. A control group consists of 100 postmenopausal women ≥ 65 years of age, chosen randomly from all patients treated in the...
Detection of minimal residual disease in bone marrow an peripheral blood in patients with breast cancer.
Čabiňaková, Michaela ; Tesařová, Petra (advisor) ; Konopásek, Bohuslav (referee) ; Macek, Milan (referee)
Introduction: Simultaneous detection of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) was shown to be associated with an especially poor prognosis and increased incidence of disease-related deaths in non-metastatic breast cancer patients. We analyzed the occurance of DTCs in bone marrow and CTCs in peripheral blood in patients with primary breast cancer, we evaluated the correlation of their presence with other prognostic markers and we investigated the changes in DTCs/CTCs number at different time points during treatment. Materials and methods: Blood of 50 patients with primary breast cancer were used for immunomagnetic separation and detection of circulating tumor cells using the commercial available system the AdnaTest Breast Cancer™ (AdnaGen GmbH, Langenhagen, Germany). Bone marrow aspirates from 50 patients were analyzed for DTCs by immunocytochemistry using the pancytokeratin antibody conjugated with FITC (Monoclonal Anti-Cytokeratin antibody F3418, Sigma Aldrich, USA). Results: DTCs were identified in 30% (15/50) and CTCs in 22% (11/50) of patients. We found that DTC positivity could point to a significantly high risk of larger primary tumor size (p- value 0.011) and significantly higher risk of lymph node involvement (p- value 0.002). For CTC positivity, no such...
Laboratory parameters in the detection of the effect of anticancer therapy on immune system
Králíčková, Pavlína ; Melichar, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Tesařová, Petra (referee) ; Litzman, Jiří (referee)
Laboratory parameters in the detection of the effect of anticancer therapy on immune system Summary We can consider the immune response to cancer cells as the last barrier in carcinogenesis. Chemotherapeutics interfere directly or indirectly with tumour microenvironment. Our work was divided into two parts. The aim of our study was to describe the distribution of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and urinary neopterin in breast cancer patients in relatation to the treatment in the part one, and elucidate the correlation between CD14+CD16+ monocytes, urinary neopterin and risk factors of atherosclerosis in the part two. We show that the changes of lymphocyte subpopulations are present even at the time of cancer diagnosis. The treatment could positively affect the anticancer response. The changes of these lymphocytes subsets during therapy in patients with metastatic stage of disease are less expressed. The restoration of the immune system is a long-term process. The systemic inflammatory response connected with tumour presence could contribute to the accented atherosclerosis, possible long-term complication in cancer patients.

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