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Codification of law in France under the First Empire
Vavříček, Martin ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor) ; Císař, Jaromír (referee)
Codification of law in France under the First Empire The purpose of my thesis is to analyze genesis of preparation of six codes in France, to explain all influences and to show importance of this codification for the rest of the world. The scope of my thesis research is wider than just a description of codification works between years 1804-1815. The first part of this work explores the basis for codification. Sources of law, roman law, natural law, age of enlightenment, Declaration of the Rights and of the Citizens and legislative procedure under the First empire. The second part is composed of five chapters. Chapter one describes French Civil code promulgated in 1804. This chapter is composed of following subchapters: genesis of codification between years 1789-1804, the major figures of codification, systematics, related laws, selected paragraphs of Civil code and language quality. Chapter two is about Code of civil procedure (Code de procedure civile, 1806). It is composed of three subchapters: genesis, systematic and characteristics of this code. Chapter three describes Commercial Code (Code de commerce, 1807). This chapter includes genesis of commercial law from 16th century. The rest subchapters analyze genesis, systematic and characteristics of this codification. Chapter four is composed of...
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Position of the king under the Constitutions of Melfi
Frdlíková, Markéta ; Falada, David (advisor) ; Seltenreich, Radim (referee)
The main aim of this diploma thesis is to describe and explain a position of the king under the Constitutions of Melfi, issued by Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily Frederick II. of Hohenstaufen. Constitutions were issued in south Italian city Melfi in 1231 and till today it is one of the most important medieval legal monuments. Despite it's significance and connection with another Holy Roman Emperor and Czech king Charles IV. it has never been properly reflected in Czech legal history. Constitution of Melfi were valid and partially effective in the Kingdom of Sicily till 19. century. At the beginning of text, there is held a brief historical introduction into times of Hohenstaufen and life of the Emperor Frederick. Southern Italy was strongly influenced by Norman, Arabic and Byzantine impacts, reflected later in the Constitutions. Another point of the thesis is to describe the process of creation the legal text, involving influences of Roman, Byzantine or Norman law. There are also introduced glossators of Emperor's court, with their leader Petrus de Vinea, who is supposed to be the main author of Constitutions. But the main aim of thesis, above mentioned, is to describe and explain the regulations concerning position of the king and his powers, relating even the theology and philosophy of that...
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Corporative system of fascist Italy
Zusková, Alena ; Falada, David (advisor) ; Seltenreich, Radim (referee)
80 Název diplomové práce v anglickém jazyce Corporative system of Fascist Italy Shrnutí v anglickém jazyce This graduation thesis disserts upon the subject of "Corporative system of Fascist Italy". My work focuses on the historical evolvement of Italy in the fascist era, primarily being concerned with its corporative system that originated here and was also applied here for the first time. Corporativism in Italy is set in historical, economical and political conjunctions. The word corporativism comes from the Latin corporatio meaning a body or a group. In the present day, there is not just one theory of corporativism, but we can rather talk about many theories. Corporativism is a new system of political economy, whose essence lies in the state control of industry in accordance with ideological principles of unity, order, nationalism and success. The idea of corporativism was earlier associated solely with fascist regimes and thus compromised. It arose in the Fascist Italy and was later applied in Spain, Portugal and pre-Nazi Austria as well. Corporativism can be divided into authoritarian and liberal corporativism (neocorporativism). Because corporativism is set in the Fascist Italy in this work, it is necessary to define the conception of fascism. The word fascism stems from Italian term of fascio, which...
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Spanish Constitutional Development in the 19th Century
Mlezivová, Markéta ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
Constitutonal development of Spain in 19th century I have chosen this topic in particular because I am interested in Spanish culture and history. I have focused in my thesis on constitutional development of Spain in 19th century that was essential not only for Spain itself but also for the rest of Europe because Spanish constitution from year 1812 has become a paragon for many European countries. My goal was to capture political-social conditions on Iberian peninsula in 19th century and historical circumstances leading to acceptance of individual constitutions. The thesis is divided into chapters, each of which refers to one constitution, or a draft of one, in a chronological order. Chapters are divided into sections that explain approach to outstanding topics such as scale and extent of individual state powers, monarch's power, political institutions, concept of suffrage and human rights and freedoms. For Spanish society was typical social stratification and persisting feudalism, strong influence of the Church and the nobility. The whole 19th century was affected by conflicts between conservatives and liberals. While conservatives were defending their historical privileges and were denying attempts on revolutional reform, the liberals were claiming equality of all citizens before the law,...
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Legal aspects of the Jerusalem procedure with Adolf Eichmann
Kohout, David ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor) ; Císař, Jaromír (referee)
-89- 6 English Résumé, Key Words Právní aspekty jeruzalémského procesu s Adolfem Eichmannem Legal Aspects of the Jerusalem Trial of Adolf Eichmann Résumé In this diploma thesis I tried to provide a more or less complete overview of legal aspects of the trial of Adolf Eichmann and to point out some of its extra-legal consequences too. This trial took place in Jerusalem and together with the pre-trial proceedings it spanned more than two years. On the course of those two years (and predominantly during the trial proceedings) many interesting legal issues arose. Firstly, the sole fact of how the Israeli secret agents had managed to seize Eichmann in the territory of another sovereign state (Argentina) amounted to a breach of the public international law and led to an international dispute that ended up before the Security Council of the United Nations. As to the trial before the national courts of Israel (the District Court in Jerusalem and the Supreme Court of Israel), many important legal issues were raised too. Besides the objection of the counsel for the defence that Israel's right to try Eichmann precluded on the mere fact of his abduction from Argentina in breach of the international law, the courts were confronted with other jurisdictional matters as well. Both of the courts strived to overcome the...
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