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Synthesis of phosphoramidate prodrugs "ProTides" as novel potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of congenital disorders of glycosylation and mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome
Sedláková, Jana ; Roh, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Opálka, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Organic And Bioorganic Chemistry Candidate: Jana Sedláková Supervisors: Dr. Fabrizio Pertusati doc. PharmDr. Jaroslav Roh, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Synthesis of phosphoramidate prodrugs "ProTides" as novel potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of congenital disorders of glycosylation and mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome At the present time, no effective treatment is available neither for the most of the congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) nor the mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS). Regarding the CDG therapy, D-mannose-1-phosphate (Man-1-P) offers considerable pharmacological potential to improve the pathological patterns in patients affected by phosphomannomutase 2 deficiency (PMM2-CDG), similarly as N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-6-phosphate (ManNAc-6-P) in case of GNE myopathy (GNEM). Administration of selected deoxyribonucleotides was proposed as a potential pharmacological strategy for the treatment of MDS. Unfortunately, the problematic membrane penetration of such polar molecules reduces their effect and limits their clinical application. Hydrophobic, membrane permeable derivatives of the sugar monophosphates and nucleotides, might represent more efficient potential therapeutics for CDGs and...
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Justificatory Status of Perceptual Beliefs
Sedláková, Jana ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Glombíček, Petr (referee)
The main subject of this essay is the problem of the relationship between sensation and perceptual beliefs in terms of their justification. Wilfrid Sellars and his Empiricism & The Philosophie of Mind are central for this essay. Sellars criticizes the theory of fundamentalism and sense data theory by pointing to the Myth of the Given. The perceptual beliefs could not be basic and self-justifying. Such a hierarchical structure is implausible, because we need a lot of other concepts for understanding and forming the perceptual beliefs. The justification has to be placed in the space of reason, when we are able to be responsible for our beliefs, to give reason, to understand the objections and react to them. This debate is not examined only in terms of an isolated, static subject. On the contrary, this subject is embedded to a dynamic social structure. Sellars' position contains three main elements: normativity, intersubjektivity and holism. All these elements will be more closely examined and placed in a broader context. Finally, I will present a critical view on Sellars' position on the basis of three questions: 1, to what extent is plausible the prior character of "It is" talk to "It looks" talk 2, to what extent can we talk about the non - inferential beliefs 3, to what extent is Sellars'...
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Does consciousness exhaust the nature of thought? The meaning of Descartes's term "cogitare"
Sedláková, Jana ; Palkoska, Jan (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to deal with the problems which arise from interpretations of Descartes' term "cogitare". It concentrates on the deconstruction of the orthodox interpretations which explain the term "cogitare" as "to be conscious". The thesis aims at introducing three alternative interpretations from Czech academic environment, the one of James Hill, of Petr Glombíček, and of Tomáš Marvan. I would like to refer to the problems of orthodox reading as well as to benefits and losses of the other interpretations. I will proceed through analysis of sensory perceptions, emotions and dream. The purpose of the thesis is not to find the definite meaning of "cogitare", but to make the readers familiar with these problems and their interpretations which I find more plausible than the orthodox interpretation. The term "consciousness" is a complex term which needs to be explained in order to be capable of explaining other philosophical problems. Keywords: Descartes, thinking, consciousness, sensory perceptions, emotions, dream, self-reflection, judgment, propositional content
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Delinquency of children and youth focusing on prevention
Sedláková, Jana ; Mlčková, Marie (referee) ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor)
In this thesis we would like to deal with reasons, which might lead to future delinquent behaving, to focus on legal provision concerning delinquency of children and youth, to show the particularities between children and youth offenders and find out the methods of their investigation. The inseparable part is also the chapter on prevention, in which we try to find out the types and possibilities of prevention exist and mention the particular preventive programs of Mestska policie hl. m. Prahy (The Police of the Capital of Prague). In analytical part our goal is to compare and confront the development of illegal activities of children and youth in 2004 to 2009.
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Design of Portable Ultrasound Device
Sedláková, Jana ; Buganská, Tamara (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The goal of bachelor thesis is proposing design of portable ultrasound device, which could be a complement of existing range of this type with respecting all technical and aesthetic requirements. This device should be convenient mainly for doctor’s necessities and for giving brief information about foetus of pregnant women
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