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Sexual differences and sex assessment from 3D computed tomography models of the mandible
Piskačová, Kateřina ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Bejdová, Šárka (referee)
This master thesis deals with sex estimation from 3D models of mandible and validity of published discriminant functions. Although discriminant functions are known to be population specific, authors pursue to design a discriminant function that will be least affected by population specificity and for which a wider use could be envisaged for sex estimation. Such discriminant functions have been suggested by Tunis et al. (2017) in a very heterogenous population of Israel and more recently (Gillet et al., 2020) in the French population. The basic question of our work was whether these discriminant functions are usable and reliable even in the Czech population. In the first part of the thesis, 61 (30 female and 31 male) 3D models of the mandible of adult of recent Czech population were used for the validation study of discriminant functions for five different states of mandibular completeness (Tunis et al., 2017) and one discriminant function for the complete mandible (Gillet et al., 2020). Total 28 measurements were taken on the mandibles in the program Viewbox 4. In the Czech population, we achieved a correct classification of 60-93.3 % depending on the completeness of the mandible, after using the Israeli functions. For the French fiction, we achieved the correct classification of 83.3 %. To find...
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Incidence and role of the purinergic P2X7 receptor in the immune system
Piskačová, Kateřina ; Zemková, Hana (advisor) ; Červená, Kateřina (referee)
It has been shown recently that extracellular ATP and its metabolite adenosine are key mediators in the immune system. Depending on the concentration, ATP may act as an activator or an inhibitor to the immune response, whereas adenosine is generally well known as a specific immunosupressor. Signals delivered by extracellular ATP and adenosine are detected and transduced by purinergic P2- and P1- receptors, respectively. In principle, all cells of the immune system express P2X, P2Y and adenosine P1 receptors on their plasmatic membrane. Therefore, the purinergic signaling extends to all components of the immune and inflammatory responses, including neurodegenerative diseases. This knowledge triggered a wave of interest in research, development and synthesis of new compounds having effect on P1- and P2- receptors that could help in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. This bachelor thesis will summarize the most recent knowledge on the role of the P2X7 receptor in these processes. This subtype of P2-receptor is unique because it is involved in the release of cytokines from immune cells and plays a role in the cell growth and apoptosis.
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Concurrent infractions and their sentencing
Piskačová, Kateřina ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Balounová, Jana (referee)
Concurrent infractions and their sentencing Abstract As the title of the thesis suggests, this work is concerned with the concurrence of administrative infractions and how it is penalized. This work aims to be a complex introduction into these issues and an analysis of all related aspects, in terms of both substantive and procedural law. A critical review of current legislation is also part of the analysis and the insufficiencies in the current system are identified. The thesis can be divided into two main sections: the first section is concerned with an analysis of concurrence itself while the second section analyses the penalization of such concurrences, concretely it explores the specifics of imposing penalties and of the infraction proceedings themselves. The first part of the thesis is concerned with the relationship of the administrative infractions law and the criminal law, and it explains why the judicial conclusions of the criminal law and its associated literature are often applicable to administrative infraction cases as well. In the second part, a discussion of the concurrence itself is presented together with a definition of act, which is a crucial definition for proper discussion of concurrence. The third part then describes the grouping of concurrences into single-act and multiple-act...
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Sexual differences and sex assessment from 3D computed tomography models of the mandible
Piskačová, Kateřina ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Bejdová, Šárka (referee)
This master thesis deals with sex estimation from 3D models of mandible and validity of published discriminant functions. Although discriminant functions are known to be population specific, authors pursue to design a discriminant function that will be least affected by population specificity and for which a wider use could be envisaged for sex estimation. Such discriminant functions have been suggested by Tunis et al. (2017) in a very heterogenous population of Israel and more recently (Gillet et al., 2020) in the French population. The basic question of our work was whether these discriminant functions are usable and reliable even in the Czech population. In the first part of the thesis, 61 (30 female and 31 male) 3D models of the mandible of adult of recent Czech population were used for the validation study of discriminant functions for five different states of mandibular completeness (Tunis et al., 2017) and one discriminant function for the complete mandible (Gillet et al., 2020). Total 28 measurements were taken on the mandibles in the program Viewbox 4. In the Czech population, we achieved a correct classification of 60-93.3 % depending on the completeness of the mandible, after using the Israeli functions. For the French fiction, we achieved the correct classification of 83.3 %. To find...
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Incidence and role of the purinergic P2X7 receptor in the immune system
Piskačová, Kateřina ; Zemková, Hana (advisor) ; Červená, Kateřina (referee)
It has been shown recently that extracellular ATP and its metabolite adenosine are key mediators in the immune system. Depending on the concentration, ATP may act as an activator or an inhibitor to the immune response, whereas adenosine is generally well known as a specific immunosupressor. Signals delivered by extracellular ATP and adenosine are detected and transduced by purinergic P2- and P1- receptors, respectively. In principle, all cells of the immune system express P2X, P2Y and adenosine P1 receptors on their plasmatic membrane. Therefore, the purinergic signaling extends to all components of the immune and inflammatory responses, including neurodegenerative diseases. This knowledge triggered a wave of interest in research, development and synthesis of new compounds having effect on P1- and P2- receptors that could help in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. This bachelor thesis will summarize the most recent knowledge on the role of the P2X7 receptor in these processes. This subtype of P2-receptor is unique because it is involved in the release of cytokines from immune cells and plays a role in the cell growth and apoptosis.
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