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General Duties of Corporate Directors
Petrov, Jan ; Richter, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kameníček, Jiří (referee)
The subject matter of the thesis is the duties of general nature (duty of loyalty, duty of care) imposed by private law on directors of a corporation. The thesis examines Delaware and German Law and, using the law & economics approach, analyzes the efficiency of duties imposed on directores. In doing so, it elaborates concepts of managerial decision-making, business judgment rule, selfdealing and corporate opportunities. The thesis comes to the conclusion that many U.S. (Delaware) rules and doctrines have been transplanted into the German law, mostly without an explicit legal ground in an Act. To the contrary, Czech law is mostly uninfluenced by the trend. Therefore, the thesis argues for the amendment of the Czech Business Code.
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The Concept and Development of Strict Liability in Czech Tort Law and its Inspirational Sources
Lovětínský, Vojtěch ; Elischer, David (advisor) ; Doležal, Tomáš (referee) ; Petrov, Jan (referee)
The Concept and Development of Strict Liability in Czech Tort Law and its Inspirational Sources Abstract The thesis deals with an analysis of strict liability in Czech tort law taking into account the inspirational sources of its regulation, including in particular German and Austrian law, the Principles of European Tort Law (PETL) and the Draft of Common Frame of Reference (DCFR). Further, a historical and possible future development of strict liability is analysed as well as the risks for which strict liability is imposed. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The subject-matter of the first General Part is especially the concept of the strict liability and the reasons for its application. Further, some related problems are analysed in this part which are relevant for the legal theory as well for the legal practice (e.g. defences, contributory negligence, possibility of the concurrence of claims). The subsequent Special Part contains an analysis of the types of strict liability and consists of four main chapters. The first chapter deals with a short overview of the historical development of the strict liability in Czech tort law. In the second chapter particular types of liability in the effective Czech Civil Code are presented and critically evaluated. In the third chapter the author deals with some...
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Damages for Breach of Contractual and Non Contractual Duty in Civil Law
Janoušková, Anežka ; Dvořák, Jan (advisor) ; Elischer, David (referee) ; Petrov, Jan (referee)
Damages for Breach of Contractual and Non-Contractual Duty in Civil Law - Abstract The thesis at hand deals with liability for non-performance of a contract and liability in tort. The new Civil Code abandoned the general rule of Sec. 420 of Act No. 40/1964 Coll., which did not distinguish between contractual and non-contractual liability. The new Civil Code thus provides for two different liability regimes depending on whether the wrongdoer and the victim entered into a contract (or similar obligation) or not. While liability in tort is governed by Sec. 2909 and 2910 CC, contractual liability is stipulated in Sec. 2913 CC. The thesis strives to examine this important change in its complexity when emphasis in being put onto the theoretical, comparative and historical context. Firstly, the thesis provides for the basic theoretical background of liability in civil law and looks at the foundations of its division into contract and tort. The author further dives into the topic from a comparative perspective. Given the inspirational sources of the Czech Civil Code, the thesis focuses mainly on German and Austrian approach. The thesis also gives a brief summary of the historical development in the Czech civil law. The main part of the thesis focuses on the relevant provisions, their relationship and conditions for...
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Unjustified Enrichment in the Comparative Perspective
Petrov, Jan ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
strana 259 Unjustified Enrichment in the Comparative Perspective Abstract The aim of the thesis is the legal research of important results concerning unjustified en- richment that have been attained in foreign jurisprudence and judicial opinions, especially within the German legal family, and their comparative application to all provisions of the New Czech Civil Code ("NCC") regulating unjustified enrichment, including their rela- tion to other parts of civil law. The thesis thus draws extensively from Austrian and Ger- man jurisprudence and case law, from the Draft Common Frame of Reference, from Swiss law and from comparative literature; further legal orders are also mentioned and a refined translation of relevant foreign provisions is included in the appendix. The thesis does not include a mere description, but rather follows the interests of Czech law and aims to make a contribution to Czech jurisprudence and application the of law. Accord- ingly, the thesis is also founded on complete research of the Czech Supreme Court case law made in and after 2010. The thesis comes to a number of conclusions (summarized in the itemized resumé) which may be deemed for original from the point of view of the Czech legal discourse. These conclusions corroborate the hypothesis that the Czech law of unjustified...
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Damages for Breach of Contractual and Non Contractual Duty in Civil Law
Janoušková, Anežka ; Dvořák, Jan (advisor) ; Elischer, David (referee) ; Petrov, Jan (referee)
Damages for Breach of Contractual and Non-Contractual Duty in Civil Law - Abstract The thesis at hand deals with liability for non-performance of a contract and liability in tort. The new Civil Code abandoned the general rule of Sec. 420 of Act No. 40/1964 Coll., which did not distinguish between contractual and non-contractual liability. The new Civil Code thus provides for two different liability regimes depending on whether the wrongdoer and the victim entered into a contract (or similar obligation) or not. While liability in tort is governed by Sec. 2909 and 2910 CC, contractual liability is stipulated in Sec. 2913 CC. The thesis strives to examine this important change in its complexity when emphasis in being put onto the theoretical, comparative and historical context. Firstly, the thesis provides for the basic theoretical background of liability in civil law and looks at the foundations of its division into contract and tort. The author further dives into the topic from a comparative perspective. Given the inspirational sources of the Czech Civil Code, the thesis focuses mainly on German and Austrian approach. The thesis also gives a brief summary of the historical development in the Czech civil law. The main part of the thesis focuses on the relevant provisions, their relationship and conditions for...
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The status of the insolvency practitioner within the insolvency proceedings and a supervisory activity of the court
Zezulka, Ondřej ; Winterová, Alena (advisor) ; Smolík, Petr (referee) ; Petrov, Jan (referee)
1 Název disertační práce v anglickém jazyce, abstrakt, klíčová slova The status of the insolvency practitioner within the insolvency proceedings and a supervisory activity of the court Abstract The thesis presents to readers both theoretical and historical background of the insolvency practitioner profession, characteristic attributes of performing function of the insolvency practitioner and a basis of so-called supervisory activity of an insolvency court over various subjects of the insolvency proceedings. The second chapter is dedicated to the central topic of the thesis which resolves the issue of the status and performance features of the insolvency practitioner within the insolvency proceedings. The interpretation exposes an ambivalent theoretical background supporting the profession of insolvency practitioner and fragmentation of opinions held by the professionals as to his genuine position within a judiciary system; these vary from private entrepreneurship towards an entity entrusted with public authority competences close to judicial commissioner. The next chapter comprehensively analyses a position of the insolvency court within the insolvency proceedings. The effort of the author is prevailingly directed to uncover the context between categorical requirements (principles) on conducting insolvency...
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Protective measures in Czech Civil Procedure Law
Kůsová, Eva ; Macková, Alena (advisor) ; Elischer, David (referee) ; Petrov, Jan (referee)
Protective measures in Czech Civil Procedure Law Abstract This dissertation deals with the protective measures constituting a special type of the Czech civil procedure besides the proceedings on law finding, enforcement and insolvency. The theory refers to this sort of procedure as a set of procedural institutes that have little in common, except for the same basis residing in interim securing of rights or in securing effective exercise of rights. The author deals with the protective legal instruments as perceived by the predominant doctrine, which corresponds to the essence of the matter and to the legal regulation, that is to say, pre-trial reconciliation (also called a Praetorian reconciliation), preliminary measures (injunctions), pre-trial evidence and subject of the evidence securing, judicial (and also executor) lien and disturbed possession action. She emphasizes the general regulation of preliminary measures, but the submitted analysis is in a significant extent applicable as well to the preliminary measures under the Act on Special Court Proceedings. The objective of the dissertation is to present a complex work on the protective measures in Czech civil procedure law, currently absent in the Czech legal literature. The author has divided the dissertation into two parts - general and special. The...
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Unjustified Enrichment in the Comparative Perspective
Petrov, Jan ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
strana 259 Unjustified Enrichment in the Comparative Perspective Abstract The aim of the thesis is the legal research of important results concerning unjustified en- richment that have been attained in foreign jurisprudence and judicial opinions, especially within the German legal family, and their comparative application to all provisions of the New Czech Civil Code ("NCC") regulating unjustified enrichment, including their rela- tion to other parts of civil law. The thesis thus draws extensively from Austrian and Ger- man jurisprudence and case law, from the Draft Common Frame of Reference, from Swiss law and from comparative literature; further legal orders are also mentioned and a refined translation of relevant foreign provisions is included in the appendix. The thesis does not include a mere description, but rather follows the interests of Czech law and aims to make a contribution to Czech jurisprudence and application the of law. Accord- ingly, the thesis is also founded on complete research of the Czech Supreme Court case law made in and after 2010. The thesis comes to a number of conclusions (summarized in the itemized resumé) which may be deemed for original from the point of view of the Czech legal discourse. These conclusions corroborate the hypothesis that the Czech law of unjustified...
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