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The baroque Waldsteine in Bohemia (1640-1740)
Hrbek, Jiří ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Vlnas, Vít (referee)
My thesis describes the evolution of the Waldstein clan in the age of one hundred years after the Thirty Years War. Both termini which I have chosen (1640 and 1740) are not exactly kept because of logic of my constructions. I aspire to commit an integrated and compact view of activities of Waldstein clan, which belonged to an aristocratic class through its property, political power and an amount of social relations. It was one of the most famous and most powerful family structures in early modern Bohemia and in the whole Habsburg monarchy as well. My method combines a lot of approaches including biography (prosopography) and structure analysis. I want to inquire the relations between the Waldstein family and the changing social and political structures, in which they acted. The first part concerns stories of the personalities growing from the clan, their activities in the frame of early modern state and its administration. In the time of 17th and 18th centuries, this activity was connected with the fealty to the ruler and the service for the ruler was an essential assumption for making the career. As courtiers, diplomats and officers, the Waldsteine came up to expectations of their estate. The models of aristocratic careers I have related to the life cycle and I have described the making of...
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The Academic Milieu in Times of Communist Vetting - Higher Education in 1948-1956. Post-war Reform of Czech Higher Education and Is Origins
Jareš, Jakub ; Kopeček, Michal (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Šima, Karel (referee)
This thesis deals with a reform of Czech higher education after the Second World War. While traditional treatments follow the communist experiment from its beginnings until its 'inevitable' downfall in 1989, this work focuses on its roots and end with the adoption of the new Higher Education Act in 1950. This reversal of perspective reveals similarities between the communist reform and modernisation trends which influenced the development of higher education also in the West. We follow the discussion about the future of higher education, which went on in 1930s-1950s, try to see how universities tried to approach the tension between their freedoms and demands for serving the public, and analyse the way in which the communist reform responded to this issue. Czech higher education was formed by Humboldtian principles, which were partly implemented in mid-19th century. During the interwar period, this framework basically remained in place: higher education developed in terms of quantity rather than quality but certain problems with demanded attention also started coming to the fore. Attempts by the Ministry of Education to implement partial reforms met with resistance from the academic institutions and many academics focused on passionately defending the autonomy of universities. During the wartime, the...
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History of the Bohemian Dominican Province in the Early New Age 1435-1790
Zouhar, Jakub ; Čornejová, Ivana (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Černušák, Tomáš (referee)
This paper attempts to review the history of the Bohemian Dominican Province, specifically the history and impact of the Dominican Order on the life in the Lands of the Czech Crown at this time. There is a period of decline in prestige of the Order in the 15th and 16"' centuries but it is followed by a period of rebirth of its intellectual potency in the 17th century. The convents of the Dominican Order, as well as many of other Orders, were dissolved by the emperor Joseph II in the 1780s. I also pay close attention to the relationship between the Dominican Order and the Jesuits during the 17th and 18th centuries. The importance of this study for more detailed future research of the history of the Dominican Order is indisputable. I know of no other work dealing with this problem. I use mainly primary sources. The characteristic type of documents is Order chronicles, official documents and some historical works written by the members of the Order in the 17th and 18th century. Many of the documents are filed in the National Archive of the Czech State (Is1 department) and in the General Archive of the Dominican Order in Rome (Italy). Many of them have been unknown up to this time. In conclusion of this introduction I would like sum up that this paper has an ambition to reopen a new research and study of the...
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Saxon nation of Prague university law school (1372-1419)
Stočes, Jiří ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Doležalová, Eva (referee)
Předkládaná disertační práce chce být příspěvkem k nejstaršímu období dějin pražské univerzity. V centru její pozornosti je instituce univerzitních národů, s níž se na moderních univerzitách dávno nesetkáváme. Na řadě středověkých univerzit včetně pražské však hrály univerzitní národy velmi významnou roli. Představovaly jednak podpůrné korporace, které poskytovaly svým příslušníkům sociální zázemí a případnou pomoc, zároveň byly nástrojem, pomocí něhož v rámci univerzity prosazovaly své zájmy. Stávaly se tak jedním ze základních prvků univerzitní správy. Cíl této práce je dvojí. V prvé části se pokusím nastínit vývoj univerzitních národů v Praze a popsat jejich často značně konfliktní vztahy. Především však mi půjde o postižení charakteru těchto národů jakožto jedné ze základních institucí středověké univerzity. Ačkoliv dosavadní česká historiografie věnovala univerzitním národům poměrně velkou pozornost, a to zvláště v souvislosti s vydáním Kutnohorského dekretu, některé události zůstávají nadále opomíjeny a institucionální podoba pražských univerzitních národů rovněž nebyla dostatečně objasněna. Tuto skutečnost do jisté míry ilustruje i fakt, že k tomuto tématu v českém dějepisectví dosud neexistuje nejen samostatná monografie, ale ani důkladnější studie. O něco více pozornosti těmto otázkám věnovala...
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On the Edge of the Military Society. Military Invalids, Deserters and Delinquents in the Imperial-Royal Army in the Seven Years' War
Švehelka, Ondřej ; Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Bělina, Pavel (referee) ; Petráň, Josef (referee)
This thesis concerns military invalids, deserters and delinquents in the Imperial-Royal Army during the Seven Years' War (1756-1763). Its essence lies in the research of documents originated from the activity of the Representations and Chambers, the supreme representative offices in Bohemia and Moravia. The elementary methodological approach comes from a positivist conception, therefore it interprets the information found within the sources as a story (in a certain sense of word) based on the reality which is recorded by them. The theoretical part is enhanced by the outcomes of study of auxiliary books called Elenchs that provide information even about such sources that have not been preserved till today. Thus, I try to answer the question to which extent it is still possible to use them. The main component of the work is formed by three chapters which are dedicated to particular categories of the military persons in an order stated above. Within them, I present the results of the source research that, in the case of the invalids, concern notably their economic security and utilization for the Habsburg Monarchy's war effort. The chapter about the military deserters continues my previous research and amends it (among else) with newly found facts within the sphere of the enlightened-absolutist...
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Borough landed estate of Sušice. From borough villages to abolition of corvee and its results
Lhoták, Jan ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Knoz, Tomáš (referee)
Jan Lhoták Borough landed estate of Sušice. From borough villages to abolition of corvee and its results (abstract) The aim of this doctoral thesis lies in its contribution to a complex problem of economic development of Czech landowning towns in the post-White Mountain period. The research is focused on a selected problem of town feudalisation, i. e. analysis of the importance as well as extent of their seignorial activities. Czech historiography has dealt with such a topic rather marginally, because towns used to be understood as a strange element in feudal environment, which on the contrary created conditions for social modernisation. Aristocratic (chamber) or church landed estates used to be studied as a matter of priority. Introductory chapter balances current research on the topic of borough landed estates. General survey of the research in Western Europe is presented first. Seignorial ambitions of towns are part and parcel of a vast outlined study of mutual relation between the town and the country. The topic has already been applicated in archaeology and medievistics. For the Early Modern period the research has been fragmented between agrarian and urban history, the methods of which approach the topic with various results (above all the work of Adolf Zeman about Pilsen and Rokycany in the 18th...
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The Academic Milieu in Times of Communist Vetting - Higher Education in 1948-1956. Post-war Reform of Czech Higher Education and Is Origins
Jareš, Jakub ; Kopeček, Michal (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Šima, Karel (referee)
This thesis deals with a reform of Czech higher education after the Second World War. While traditional treatments follow the communist experiment from its beginnings until its 'inevitable' downfall in 1989, this work focuses on its roots and end with the adoption of the new Higher Education Act in 1950. This reversal of perspective reveals similarities between the communist reform and modernisation trends which influenced the development of higher education also in the West. We follow the discussion about the future of higher education, which went on in 1930s-1950s, try to see how universities tried to approach the tension between their freedoms and demands for serving the public, and analyse the way in which the communist reform responded to this issue. Czech higher education was formed by Humboldtian principles, which were partly implemented in mid-19th century. During the interwar period, this framework basically remained in place: higher education developed in terms of quantity rather than quality but certain problems with demanded attention also started coming to the fore. Attempts by the Ministry of Education to implement partial reforms met with resistance from the academic institutions and many academics focused on passionately defending the autonomy of universities. During the wartime, the...
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Presumptions of the Formation of the modern Men's Suit (General and unique in the typology and in the formation of men's court, military and ecclesiastical clothes in the light written, iconographical and material sources in Czech countries of early new ages at the court of the Austrian Habsburgs in the frame of the European culture of clothing)
Kutílková, Dagmar ; Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Nachtmannová, Alena (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The dissertation thesis with title "Presumptions of the formation of the modern men's suit" elaborates the general and unique features in the typology of men's court, military and ecclesiastical clothes. Research, which is based on written, iconographical and material sources, is aimed at environment at the court of the Austrian Habsburgs in early new ages from the end of the 15th century till beginning of the 90s of the 18th century having respect to history of clothing in the in Czech countries in the context with European clothing culture. The conception of the thesis goes out from the approach to men's suit in the history of clothing as to the cultural discipline. The main theoretic-metodological basis is investigsation of the general and the unique features in the concrete types of the men's clothing, which are characterized most of all of the contemporary construction (cut), material (cloth) and colours of the men's clothing and which has got the style-forming importance by means of these general features. The results of the research work amplifies not only the knowledge in the area of the clothing history, but also brings the possibility of practical application of this knowledge to increase of the cultural values of written, iconographical and material memories with time,...
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The baroque Waldsteine in Bohemia (1640-1740)
Hrbek, Jiří ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Vlnas, Vít (referee)
My thesis describes the evolution of the Waldstein clan in the age of one hundred years after the Thirty Years War. Both termini which I have chosen (1640 and 1740) are not exactly kept because of logic of my constructions. I aspire to commit an integrated and compact view of activities of Waldstein clan, which belonged to an aristocratic class through its property, political power and an amount of social relations. It was one of the most famous and most powerful family structures in early modern Bohemia and in the whole Habsburg monarchy as well. My method combines a lot of approaches including biography (prosopography) and structure analysis. I want to inquire the relations between the Waldstein family and the changing social and political structures, in which they acted. The first part concerns stories of the personalities growing from the clan, their activities in the frame of early modern state and its administration. In the time of 17th and 18th centuries, this activity was connected with the fealty to the ruler and the service for the ruler was an essential assumption for making the career. As courtiers, diplomats and officers, the Waldsteine came up to expectations of their estate. The models of aristocratic careers I have related to the life cycle and I have described the making of...
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Mikuláš Adaukt Voigt and the Czech historical science at the end of the 18th century
Hyndráková, Eva ; Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with the life and and career of a neglected scientist of the age Enlightement, Mikuláš Adaukt Voigt (1733 -1787). He was a historian of literature, a lingvist and mainly the founder of the Czech modern numismatology. Based on the archival sources, the bibliography and his own published works are described his activities in the Czech historical science, his contacts and the influence of his friends and patrons, who were important personalities of their epoch. The thesis focuses chronologically on the period from the 70s to the 90s of the 18th century. Voigt's work is researched in the context of the cultural progress in the Czech Lands in the period of the late Enlightement and in the context of the development of the Czech historical science at the end of the 18th century. In the thesis also the so called "learned salon" is mentioned as the basic factor which formed Voigt's and his friends' careers and which was organized by Count František Antonín Nostic. In his house a fellowship of scholars, intellectuals and sponsors met and later they established the future Czech Society of Science. The thesis is focused on one specific phenomenon, too, which had a big impact on the cultural and political life of all the Czech society at the turn of the centuries - on patriotism. Voigt's patriotism was...
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