National Repository of Grey Literature 146 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Chování spotřebitelů na trhu s alkoholickými nápoji
Novák, Jan
The diploma thesis is focused on consumer behaviour on the market for al-coholic beverages in the Czech Republic. The goal is to identify the key factors that influence consumers to consume alcohol. Using secondary data, the market for alco-holic beverages was analyzed with a focus on average alcohol consumption and in-dividual types of alcoholic beverages. At the same time, a questionnaire survey of respondents was added, and the results of the work revealed differences in the rea-sons that lead to the consumption of alcoholic beverages, including the influence of cultural, family and economic factors. The actual work includes the segmentation of respondents using cluster analysis and their division into five clusters according to differences in consumption behaviour, at the same time it is supplemented with rec-ommendations aimed at reducing alcohol consumption in the Czech Republic.
Natural restoration of mining sites: Vegetation succession and soil development: A case study from granodiorite quarries and dumps near the town Skuteč
Chuman, Tomáš ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Novák, Jan (referee) ; Hradecký, Jan (referee)
Ir !ntroduction Environmenta| impaď caused by mining is considerab|e' The impact of mining on re|ief and landscape character is particularly substantial as could be documented on earth material transfer. While transfer of earth material caused by natural processes (erosion, sedimentation) is about 4 millions of cubic meters per year, anthropogenic transfer is close to 330 millions (Kukal' 2006) and material transfer due to mining represents the greatest proportion' lt is estimated that the surface minera| extraďion already covers 1% of the |and surface (Wa|ker & del Moral 2003). |n the czech Republic the extent of mining sites reached 0,8% in 2006 (Statistical Environmental Yearbook of the Czech Republic 2008). Miningcausesineversib|emodificationofre|ieíremovesvegetationandsoi|cover causing loss of biotopes. on the other hand mining creates new sites in the landscape e'g' water bodies, rock walls and screes. These sites are often unique and contrasting with the surrounding landscape and might harbor specific species afrer mine/quarry abandonment. Traditional approach to restoration was considered to be the restoration (reclamation) of production, whether agricultural or forestry, causing elimination of potential site diversity by morphology adjustment' topsoil application and tree planting or trefoil-grass...
Adipose etrogenisation and other anthropological aspects of obesity
Novák, Jan ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee) ; Bendlová, Běla (referee)
This work presents an anthropological view of obesity. It introduces the concept of adipose estrogenization and describes its relationship to pelvic morphology. Further, secular changes in the prevalence of latent obesity, the consequences, and the etiology of this condition are described. The work also validates tools for assessing chronotype, subsequently associating these metrics with sociodemographic factors, including obesity. The key part of this project present study focused on changes in the morphology of the bony pelvis in the context of pubertal history of obesity. It is a longitudinal study (n = 238) with an anthropometric examination after 8 years and an estimation of sex hormones. The main observation was that adult men with a history of obesity had more gynoid (relatively wider) pelvic bone morphology and altered levels of sex hormones, i.e., reduced testosterone levels and an increased relative proportion of estradiol to testosterone, i.e., estrogenization. This was manifested with habitual pelvic feminization, which serves as a marker of estrogenization and a retrospective marker of obesity. In the context of this study, a Letter to the Editor is added as a correction to the publication, interpreting these findings as a possible explanation for the shorter second stage of labor in...
Physiology and Pathology of unconventional lymphocytes
Zubatá, Ivana ; Novák, Jan (advisor) ; Szotkowski, Tomáš (referee) ; Vydra, Jan (referee)
MAIT cells, mucosal-associated T lymphocytes, are a group of immune cells that have both innate and adaptive immunity abilities. They are defined by the expression of a semi-invariant TCR chain. They exhibit anti-infective potential with cytotoxic effector functions and immunomodulatory capabilities. The primary activation pathway is through the MR1 molecule of the non-classical MHC Ib class which is exerted in defense against bacteria and mycoses. MAIT cells are also able to TCR-independent activation by proinflammatory cytokines. They are involved in cytokine storms mediated by bacterial superantigens and in antiviral defense. They respond rapidly by producing a wide range of inflammatory mediators, including the repertoire of adaptive immunity Th1, Th2 and Th17 lymphocytes. Recent work shows resistance to some xenobiotics. This dissertation presents the results of an investigation of the phenotype of MAIT cell subpopulations measured by flow cytometry. By stimulation with ionomycin and PMA we analyzed their repertoire of cytotoxic abilities. In the main research project the hypothesis of anti-infective potential and resistance of MAIT cells to xenobiotics is applied to clinical practice in the field of haematooncology. The thesis presents evidence for a protective role of MAIT cells during the...
Helminths in the mammalian lungs: migration strategies and pathology
Butula, Dan ; Majer, Martin (advisor) ; Novák, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis summarizes the knowledge about the migration strategies of medically important pulmonary helminths and their laboratory models and describes the pulmonary pathology caused by these helminths. Helminths typically enter the lungs within hours or days after infection and often migrate from the lungs to other body organs. Certain species migrate through the lungs intravascularly (schistosome larvae and in certain cases filarial larvae), but others enter the lung parenchyma directly (roundworm larvae, Strongyloides hookworms, adults of Paragonimus flukes, and the metacestode of the tapeworm Echinococcus) or colonise the pleural cavity (adults of Litomosoides sigmodontis and young adults of Paragonimus flukes). This, together with the time spent in the lungs, influences the pathology caused. During this time, mechanical damage to the lung tissue, granuloma formation, infiltration of immune cells, emphysema formation, remodelling of lung tissue and blood vessels, and more can occur. Excretory secretory products of helminths contribute significantly to the pathology, which, among other things, are used as a tool to modulate host immunity and shape the migratory pathway through the lungs. This topic is of particular importance in terms of elucidating the pulmonary processes that are...
The use of modern analogies in the interpretation of paleoecological and archaeobotanical results
Bortelová, Nina ; Novák, Jan (advisor) ; Abraham, Vojtěch (referee)
Standing on the uniformitarian principle, quaternary palaeoecology strives to match fossil proxy data assemblages with their vegetation equivalents in order to understand spatiotemporal ecosystem dynamics. Finding such an equivalent in today's world - a modern analogy of an analyzed fossil sample (or a fossil analogy of a known modern sample, respectively), may represent a highly welcomed helping hand with proxy data interpretation. Nevertheless, one might be skeptical to which extent we can rely on such assumptions in rather specific contemporary state of nature, reflecting f.e. increased CO2 levels, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, habitat fragmentation, or traditional management abandonment. The thesis discusses advantages, difficulties, and some examples of using analogs in quaternary palaeoecology with emphasis on charcoal and pollen analysis since these are the most used in the study of vegetation dynamics over long time scales. It aims to understand and summarize the extent to which modern analogs are helpful with sharpening focus on past landscapes and processes, that formed them into today's state. Keywords: modern analogs, vegetation reconstructions, palynology, anthracology, charcoal, pollen, quaternary palaeoecology
Vliv marketingu na kupní cenu nemovitosti
NOVÁK, Jan
This master's thesis examines the impact of marketing on property purchase price. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part is a theoretical literature review which describes basic definitions of marketing, marketing strategies and factors that influ-ence the purchase price of a property and conditions for doing business in the real estat industry specificallly in terms of real estate agents. The second practical part focuses on a selected real estate agency, its structure, functioning and marketing tools used. The development of prices of apartments and houses in the Czech Republic over the last four years was described. Subsequently, the practical part compares two similar properties during the period of the coronavirus pandemic and after it in terms of marketing tools used for their sale. At the end of this section a comparison was made between the real estate market and different marketing tools used in the USA and the real estate market and marketing tools in the Czech republic.
The characterization of the collimated beams of fast neutrons with the CLID detecion system
Ansorge, Martin ; Novák, Jan ; Majerle, Mitja ; Kozic, Ján
A new detection device for the measurements of light ions (p, d, t, α) emitted as the products of the nuclear reactions induced by fast neutrons (5-33 MeV) was recently developed at the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences. The main objective of the Chamber-for-Light-Ion-Detection (CLID) is to produce new differential nuclear data of high interest for the material applications related to fusion and aerospace technologies and to potentially test and validate models of nuclear reactions. Hereby the experimental set-up for the measurements with the CLID is described in detail. The experimental characterization of the collimated fast neutron beams produced by the cyclotron-driven converter (p(35 MeV)+Be(2.5 mm)) is presented. In particular, the implementation of the Proton-Recoil-Telescope technique used for neutron energy spectra determination with the CLID is described.
Immune response of the paratenic host to Toxocara canis infection, possible influence on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Novák, Jan ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Fajfrlík, Karel (referee) ; Ditrich, Oleg (referee)
i Univerzita Karlova 1. lékařská fakulta Studijní program: Doktorské studijní programy v biomedicíně Studijní obor: Biochemie a patobiochemie RNDr. Jan Novák Imunitní odpověď paratenického hostitele na infekci Toxocara canis, možné ovlivnění průběhu experimentální autoimunitní encefalomyelitidy Immune response of the paratenic host to Toxocara canis infection, possible influence on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Abstrakt dizertační práce Školitel: prof. RNDr. Petr Horák, Ph.D. Konzultant: prof. RNDr. Libuše Kolářová, CSc. Praha, 2022 ii ABSTRACT The most complex interactions between host and infectious agent are generated during helminth infections, which represent a significant source of serious health problems worldwide. Because many helminths migrate after entering the host, these infections are characterized by the gradual development of a range of clinical symptoms. These are not only due to the damage to various organs but also to the modified host's immune response. The published studies show that, on the one hand, the immune response is stimulated in order to eliminate the parasite, but on the other hand, helminths possess a number of mechanisms that may lead to immune modulation and thus ensure their long-term survival in the host. An indirect consequence of such a...

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