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Impact of intellectual property rights implementation on the development of NAFTA trade
Miková, Ivana ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD INSTITUT POLITOLOGICKÝCH STUDIÍ Vplyv implementácie práv duševného vlastníctva na rozvoj vnútorného trhu NAFTA Bc. Ivana Miková MAGISTERSKÁ DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE Praha 2013 Abstract: The thesis discusses the impact of intellectual property rights on economic development of NAFTA. It is based on the theoretical assumptions of the new institutional economics and its notion of transaction costs and institutions and their impact on economic growth, in particular the impact of intellectual property rights, which are an important part of the NAFTA treaty and are contained in chapter 17. of the NAFTA Agreement. Their impact is connected with the new growth theory, which considers innovation and new technology as a major source of economic development. The empirical analysis has found that measures of IPRs contributed to transfer technologies and economic development. Mexico has become the main beneficiary. In the U.S., the situation in the field of innovation and economic development associated with IPRs has not changed significantly, compared with the period before the emergence of NAFTA.
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The Doha Round of Negotiations in the World Trade Organization: Selected Countries' Positions
Rožnovská, Veronika ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Miková, Ivana (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on international negotiation within the World Trade Organization, particularly on position of least developed countries during negotiations in the Organization. Due to weak negotiation positions of least developed countries, it is advantageous when their interests are protected by states that have more economic influence. For the abovementioned, the goal of this thesis is to discover which economic power shares interest with the least developed countries whether India or China. To achieve a conclusion, analysis of ministerial speeches from WTO Ministerial conferences is conducted. Opinion statements of the states are evaluated according to topics states focus on in the speeches - depending on the length of the text dedicated to the topic and expressed degree of liberalization. Subsequently, using the Weight Euclidian Distance positions of the states were identified and the distances among them were stated. The results show that China's opinions are closer to the least developed countries than India's. The crucial difference is most noticeable on the issue of special and differential treatment for developing countries, which China strongly promotes. Furthermore, it is observed that China's opinions are closer primarily to African nations.
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The Politics of International Sanctions and their Influence on Economy of Particular Countries - Case of Russia and Iran
Poč, Marek ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Miková, Ivana (referee)
Sanctions are one of the ways in which individual states or the international community can enforce their rights and interests. They can vary from banning travel to boycott and embargo affecting the entire country's economy. The sanctions have recently been practiced primarily by the European Union and the United Nations, and by the United States in case of particular countries. The topic of this work is international sanctions against Russia and Iran. Both countries have been in conflict with the international community in recent years, and both countries were punished. In the case of Iran, there were concerns about the use of the Iranian nuclear program for military purposes, the main objective was to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons. Russia has been the subject of sanctions as a result of violations of international agreements and international law on the basis of the occupation of the Ukrainian Crimea and the development of the military conflict in the East of Ukraine. The thesis describes the reasons, course and impact of sanctions imposed on Iran and Russia, the Iranian and Russian economies and their representatives. At the same time, it seeks to assess the impact of sanctions both in the economic sphere and in terms of changes in the political direction of both countries.
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In-vivo and ex-vivo models for superficial mycosis
Míková, Ivana ; Hubka, Vít (advisor) ; Julák, Jaroslav (referee)
12. 5. 2016 In vivo a ex vivo modely povrchových mykóz (bakalářská práce) Ivana Míková Abstract In my bachelor thesis I have dealt with the importance of using the laboratory animals (in vivo models) and artificial tissue (ex vivo models) for studying the superficial mycosis. The purpose of using these models is especially to clarify the pathogenesis of illness (the pathogenʼs penetration into the organism, the clinical, histopathological and immunological changes) or testing of new treatments. Selection of a suitable and susceptible model, methodics of preparation of the inoculum and preparation of the model before inoculation are crucial for the successful creation of the experiment. Small rodents (guinea-pig, mouse, rat), skin equivalents and keratin films made from human hair, nails and animal hooves are the most used in vivo and ex vivo models. This bachelor thesis summarizes their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the work deals with the types of dermatophytes and thermally dimorphic fungi used for successful inoculation and with the specific purpose of their use. The dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton, Arthroderma) and thermally dimorphic fungi (Blastomyces and Sporothrix) are the most often researched originators of the superficial mycosis. Both groups cause the animal...
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The information deficit within family members of people with dementia syndrome
MÍKOVÁ, Ivana
The bachelor thesis investigates problems of insufficiently infrormed family members who look after persons with dementia syndrome. The aim of this thesis is to investigate from which sources family members were gathering information about dementia sydrome. The second aim was to investigate where information is insufficient and which essential information was missing according to family members who were looking after persons with dementia syndrome. The practical part of the bachelor thesis was processed by quantitative research, questionnaires and half structured interviews. Respondents were selected by intentional sample selection or by snowball method. In the overall research, 10 respondents have participated. For better interpretation were acquired data divided into categories. From the research could be concluded that family members in most cases obtain information in senior homes or at psychiatric ordinations. Furthermore in most cases respondents were missing information about seniors nutrition, stimulating activites and compensatory aids. The bachelor findings could be benefical for persons who will look after patients with dementia syndrome and also for persons who provides information about dementia syndrome.
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Verification of species boundaries in clinically relevant Arthroderma species
Míková, Ivana ; Hubka, Vít (advisor) ; Dobiáš, Radim (referee)
The genus Arthroderma contains predominantly geophilic dermatophytes (naturally occuring in soil). Some species, especially those from Trichophyton terrestre complex, cause human and animal dermatomycosis. In the past, the species boundaries were determined mainly on the basis of biological species concept using in vitro mating experiments. But these nearly 70-years-old findings have not been tested by means of modern taxonomic methods. In total 194 species of the genus Arthroderma (including all available ex-type strains) originating predominantly in USA, Canada and Europe were studied in this thesis. They were mostly isolated from soil (n = 77), animals (n = 50), human clinical material (n = 41) and cave sediment (n = 9). The main goal of the thesis was to elucidate the species boundaries between species A. insingulare, A. lenticulare and A. quadrifidum, that were classified into the T. terrestre complex because of their seemingly identical asexual stage. Further, this work aimed to resolve the relationship between Arthroderma species using the multigene phylogeny and clarify which species are clinically relevant. A multigene phylogeny of the genus Arthroderma was based on the sequences of the ITS rDNA region, β-tubulin (TUB2) and translation elongation factor 1α (TEF1α) genes. The genus...
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The Politics of International Sanctions and their Influence on Economy of Particular Countries - Case of Russia and Iran
Poč, Marek ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Miková, Ivana (referee)
Sanctions are one of the ways in which individual states or the international community can enforce their rights and interests. They can vary from banning travel to boycott and embargo affecting the entire country's economy. The sanctions have recently been practiced primarily by the European Union and the United Nations, and by the United States in case of particular countries. The topic of this work is international sanctions against Russia and Iran. Both countries have been in conflict with the international community in recent years, and both countries were punished. In the case of Iran, there were concerns about the use of the Iranian nuclear program for military purposes, the main objective was to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons. Russia has been the subject of sanctions as a result of violations of international agreements and international law on the basis of the occupation of the Ukrainian Crimea and the development of the military conflict in the East of Ukraine. The thesis describes the reasons, course and impact of sanctions imposed on Iran and Russia, the Iranian and Russian economies and their representatives. At the same time, it seeks to assess the impact of sanctions both in the economic sphere and in terms of changes in the political direction of both countries.
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The Doha Round of Negotiations in the World Trade Organization: Selected Countries' Positions
Rožnovská, Veronika ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Miková, Ivana (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on international negotiation within the World Trade Organization, particularly on position of least developed countries during negotiations in the Organization. Due to weak negotiation positions of least developed countries, it is advantageous when their interests are protected by states that have more economic influence. For the abovementioned, the goal of this thesis is to discover which economic power shares interest with the least developed countries whether India or China. To achieve a conclusion, analysis of ministerial speeches from WTO Ministerial conferences is conducted. Opinion statements of the states are evaluated according to topics states focus on in the speeches - depending on the length of the text dedicated to the topic and expressed degree of liberalization. Subsequently, using the Weight Euclidian Distance positions of the states were identified and the distances among them were stated. The results show that China's opinions are closer to the least developed countries than India's. The crucial difference is most noticeable on the issue of special and differential treatment for developing countries, which China strongly promotes. Furthermore, it is observed that China's opinions are closer primarily to African nations.
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In-vivo and ex-vivo models for superficial mycosis
Míková, Ivana ; Hubka, Vít (advisor) ; Julák, Jaroslav (referee)
12. 5. 2016 In vivo a ex vivo modely povrchových mykóz (bakalářská práce) Ivana Míková Abstract In my bachelor thesis I have dealt with the importance of using the laboratory animals (in vivo models) and artificial tissue (ex vivo models) for studying the superficial mycosis. The purpose of using these models is especially to clarify the pathogenesis of illness (the pathogenʼs penetration into the organism, the clinical, histopathological and immunological changes) or testing of new treatments. Selection of a suitable and susceptible model, methodics of preparation of the inoculum and preparation of the model before inoculation are crucial for the successful creation of the experiment. Small rodents (guinea-pig, mouse, rat), skin equivalents and keratin films made from human hair, nails and animal hooves are the most used in vivo and ex vivo models. This bachelor thesis summarizes their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the work deals with the types of dermatophytes and thermally dimorphic fungi used for successful inoculation and with the specific purpose of their use. The dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton, Arthroderma) and thermally dimorphic fungi (Blastomyces and Sporothrix) are the most often researched originators of the superficial mycosis. Both groups cause the animal...
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Secessionist trends in the Southern Pacific region within geopolitical context
Křiklánová, Michaela ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Miková, Ivana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "Secessionist trends in the Southern Pacific region within geopolitical context" focuses on secessionist movements, which emerged in the Southern Pacific region during the second half of the twentieth century and in the beginning of the twenty-first century. It deals with the circumstances of the formation, development and outcome of these movements in regional context. The secessionist movements are being characterised geographically, economically and socially in case studies and the preconditions of formation of these movements are identified according to John R. Wood theory. The thesis aims to describe the development and result of those movements.
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