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The Image of the Ottoman Empire and Turkey in Czech periodicals Národní listy and Čech in the early 1920s
Šťastník, Michael ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kaas, Filip (referee)
This bachelor՚s thesis explores the portrayal of Turkey in Czech media, specifically in the newspapers Národní listy and Čech between 1922 and 1924. During this period, Turkey underwent significant political and social transformations, transitioning from the demise of the Ottoman Empire to the establishment of the modern Turkish Republic. The aim of this thesis is to examine how these events were reflected in the Czech press. Národní listy with its more liberal orientation and Čech, targeting to a Catholic and conservative readership, offer distinct perspectives on Turkish affairs. The thesis analyzes how these newspapers covered key events such as the Greco-Turkish War, the Lausanne Conference, and Mustafa Kemal՚s political ascent. It also compares the representation of these events in the Czech press with Turkish sources of that period, specifically the book Gazi Mustafa Kemal by Cahit Bürhan. Employing media content analysis, this work systematically examines the content of selected newspapers to identify potential patterns of bias or objectivity.
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Nâzım Hikmet Ran: A Study into the Life of Romantic Communist through his Poems.
Nováková, Natálie ; Hilmioglu, Burak (advisor) ; Malečková, Jitka (referee)
The bachelor's thesis is dedicated to the work and life of Nâzım Hikmet Ran (1902- 1963), a world famous Turkish poet and activist who was born in the then Ottoman Empire, spent a large part of his adult life in exile in Russia and a part of it in Czechoslovakia. He devoted his work to political and social issues and was imprisoned several times for his criticism of the Turkish regime and strong leftist stance. Through qualitative research methods, this thesis will try to answer the question whether and to what extent specific events of Hikmet's life can be reconstructed based on the analysis of his poems, and therefore to what extent autobiographical elements can be found in his poetry, given that most of his works are known for their ideological character. The student first outlines the challenges associated with the analysis of the poetry itself and points to the development and transformation of Hikmet's poetic style. Subsequently, the time and life of the author is presented within the defined chapters. In the main part of the thesis, the student analyzes the poems themselves and looks for elements, on the basis of which it is possible to achieve the reconstruction. Keywords Nâzım Hikmet, Romantic Communist, Avant-garde, Poetry, Reconstruction
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Nezihe Mühittin and her book Türk Kadını (1931) as an example of non-state feminism in Turkey
Hlaváčová, Barbora ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is dedicated to the remarkable feminist of the late Ottoman period and the interwar period, Nezihe Muhittin. In particular, it focuses on her thoughts, which are contained in her key book Türk Kadını (Turkish Women), published in 1931. The aim of this thesis is to present Nezihe Muhittin as a representative of the "non-state" wave of feminism in Kemalist Turkey. The fact that the personality of Nezihe Muhittin was rediscovered and the concept of "state feminism" was defined in the 1980s means that this thesis will not only present the history of women's emancipation in Turkey, but it will also focus on the development of debates about the Kemalist reforms regarding women in the early Turkish Republic. The main part of this thesis analyses the feminist thoughts and ideas of Nezihe Muhittin contained in the book Türk Kadını regarding the future functioning of Turkish society. This thesis also contextualises the ideas of Nezihe Muhittin with the ideas of the official state feminism represented by Afet İnan, the adoptive daughter of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and a notable representative and co-author of the official state feminist discourse. The main research question of this thesis is whether and how the opinions, visions and activities of the independent representative of Turkish...
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The Arabist and the State: Arabic Language Instruction and the Professionalisation of the Governmental Expertise in the Middle Eastern affairs
Lochovský, Jan ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Daniel, Jan (referee) ; Kraus, Josef (referee)
The dissertation focuses on a phenomenon of "state-Arabists", i.e., a group of state employees, both civil servants and members of armed forces, who have been systematically directed towards careers requiring proficiency in the Arabic language. The author observes this specific group in the United States, United Kingdom, and Israel between the end of the Second World War and the so-called Arab Spring. The focus of the analysis is twofold. The first is a comparative history of institutions tasked with the Arabic language instruction established directly by the three countries. The second theme are the instructional programmes conducted by these institutions. The author focuses mainly on the ideological factors in their presentation of the Arabic language, the "Otherness" of the Arabic speaking world, and, in most extreme cases, the sentiment of Arabic as a "language of the enemy". Both lines of inquiry are anchored within the context of "critical junctures", thus reflecting the impact of the general history on such a specific instance of exertion of state power as the instruction of a language. The analytical focus on the concurrence of large-scale events of the 20th and early 21st centuries eventually reveals noticeable differences between the civilian and military institutions. The diplomatic...
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Journey to Eastern Anatolia in the Work of Turkish Writers - Reflections on the Position of the Region within the Republic of Turkey
Kutišová, Zuzana ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of intellectuals' (aydınlar) journey from the centre to the periphery in Turkish literature. It examines the case of Yaşar Kemal, Ferit Edgü and Bejan Matur, who between the years 1951 and 2011 took their way from Istanbul to the Southeast - a region inhabited predominantly by the Kurds. The aim of this thesis is to shed light on the narration of the journey by contextualizing their writings. It will study the authors' depiction of the region and its inhabitants as well as the position they adopt in relation to the periphery, also asking whether and, if so, how these depictions and positions change in the face of newly emerging contexts in the period under investigation. In doing so, the thesis relies on sociological approaches to the study of literature, namely on Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and field. The following works will be discussed: Yaşar Kemal's Bu Diyar Baştanbaşa (1971), Ferit Edgü's Hakkâri'de Bir Mevsim (1977), and Dağın Ardına Bakmak (2011) by Bejan Matur. Keywords Turkey, Eastern Anatolia, journey, centre - periphery, intellectual, aydın, modern Turkish political thought
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Semra Ertan - Word and Body as Instruments of Socio-Political Protest
Sanitráková, Simona ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Provazníková, Adéla (referee)
The bachelor thesis is dedicated to Semra Ertan, a poet and activist of Turkish origin, who lived since the 1970s with her parents in Germany, who worked there as guest workers (Gastarbeiter). In 1982, Ertan publicly set herself on fire in Hamburg. Although the publication of her poetry collection in 2020 aroused interest in both Germany and Turkey in her work and life's destiny, academic research is still lacking. The thesis aims to present the person and work of Semra Ertan as a topic that has not yet been researched. The student will first outline the development of the situation of the Turkish guest workers in Germany since the bilateral agreement between Germany and Turkey, introduce the author herself, and in the main part of the thesis will analyze her poems as such and the relationship between Semra Ertan's poems and her self-immolation. Thesis will try to answer the question of whether and how aspects of the author's life can be seen in her poems. To answer this question, in addition to the thematic analysis of the poems the approaches of the social contextual studies of literature as outlined by Josef Šebek will be used.
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Russo-persian relationships in the first half of the 19th century: reflection in primary sources
Nachtmann, Bořivoj ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Malečková, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines Russo-Persian relations in the first three decades of the 19th century - in the period of escalating tensions between the Qajar Persia and the Russian Empire when two wars broke out (1804-1813; 1826-1828). The main primary source, the thesis draws on, are Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov's collected writings including travel notes and correspondence written in the times when he, also a Russian poet and playwright, was serving as a diplomat in Persia. Excerpts from the primary source will be compared with secondary literature, as well as other Russian and Persian primary sources from the period. The thesis aims to describe the relations mainly from the Russia's point of view, however in the context of Persian reaction. It attempts to introduce the way Russian diplomats approached Persia, Persians and Qajar rule in general. The thesis aims to detect elements of stereotyping, negativization or, on the contrary, positive evaluation of the "enemy".
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Media coverage of the election campaign before the Kazakh parliamentary elections in 2016 and 2021 based on the analysis of online periodicals
Huláková, Anna ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Novák, Ľubomír (referee)
(in English): The submitted master's thesis focuses on the analysis of Kazakh media outlets during the parliamentary election's campaigns in 2016 and 2021. This thesis focuses on the publications of three news outlets in the period under review. The articles serve as source for an analysis that contributes to the debates over President Nazarbayev's unexpected resignation in March 2019 and the transfer of power and whether it was only a tactical step while maintaining workings of the regime or led to real change on the Kazakh political scene. Three logical areas of focus were selected in the thesis, which were the subject of analysis. It consists of media coverage of the President, individual political parties, and the central electoral commission on the selected portals. The articles are analyzed in terms of content and selected language. Within the analysis itself, the methods of media content analysis were used.
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Lachič,skryté dědictví Ázerbájdžánu
Wood, Galina ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Saxena, Siddharth (referee) ; Oberfalzerová, Alena (referee)
- Galina Wood, 2015 Lahij, the Living Heritage of Azerbaijan This research explores the various aspects of identity pertaining to the traditional, bilin- gual mountainous community of Lahij. Azerbaijan is little known and its minorities are largely under-researched. Previous work done by Russian and Azerbaijani linguists described grammatical features of the Tat language, and SIL-led linguistic field surveys by J. Clifton addressed some sociolinguistic attitudes, yet the Tat people, particularly the Lahij people, remain unknown. This is the first time the Lahij community, which preserved a relict Southwest Iranian language and a unique culture, is a topic of inter-disciplinary research in English language. Resources such as Russian and Azeri literature and Western works dealing with related dis- ciplines and issues (historical, socio-linguistical, anthropological etc.) are discussed, aiming to reach a balanced and informed perspective. To present the nuances and dynamics of the emic (insider) versus etic (outsider) points of view, anthropological methods of participant observation, structured interview and narrative analysis are used. Research was done while residing long term in Azerbaijan, and spending significant amounts of time in Lahij. The sociolinguistic climate of Post-Soviet nation...
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Turkey's EU accession: Analysis of the Turkish attitude
Hlavatá, Nora ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kučera, Petr (referee)
The subject of this thesis is Turkey's stance to joining the European Union in the year 2014. The first part of this text is a summarization of the relationship developments between Turkey and the EU, with special focus on those issues which could potentially play a significant role in current affaris. The second part of this thesis focuses on analysis of three examples of Turkish daily press, in order to demonstrate the different stances towards the issue of EU membership as raised in Turkish society. The second part is also divided into thematic segments which are relevant to Turkey's possible membership in the EU. The main goal of this thesis is to accurately present the various Turkish viewpoints and opinions, as they took place in 2014, about entry into the EU. Particular attention is also dedicated to Turkey's changing stance towards the issue in the year 2014, as opposed to previous years. Key words: European Union - Turkey - Accession Process - Public opinion
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