National Repository of Grey Literature 100 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Discourse Production of Czech Speakers with Aphasia: A Usage-based Exploration
Láznička, Michal ; Lehečková, Eva (advisor) ; Hatchard, Rachel (referee) ; Marková, Jana (referee)
The research in linguistic aphasiology has been dominated by structuralist, rule-based approaches to the study of langauge. However, recent work has shown that analyses based in constructivist, usage-based frameworks can provide explanations to patterns of language processing in aphasia that are difficult to accommodate in structuralist models. The present work follows up on these findings and aims to provide additional evidence for the benefits of the usage-based model by using data from Czech speakers with aphasia, an understudied language in this context. The aims of the study were threefold: to create a collection of samples of aphasic connected speech available to other researchers, to provide a description of the patterns of aphasic discourse production in Czech, and, most importantly, to show potential benefits of usage-based construction grammar for aphasia research. A corpus of the speech of eleven persons with fluent and non-fluent aphasia of varying degrees of severity was created. The corpus consist of more than 23000 word position produced by speakers with aphasia in tasks used to elicit conversational, narrative, descriptive, and procedural discourse. The corpus is lemmatized and morphologically tagged and the transcripts are aligned with audio recordings. A smaller sample of three,...
Event representation in pantomime versus linguistic expression
Kadavá, Šárka ; Lehečková, Eva (advisor) ; Šimík, Radek (referee)
The master thesis focuses on the comparison of the representation of events in pantomimic performance on the one hand and in verbal description on the other hand. Building on previous research, it will focus on what aspects of events are performed through pantomime and through verbal description and how this is influenced by various formal and semantic parameters of the situations portrayed (e.g. argument structure of the word, iconicity of the action, motion, etc.). Based on the experiment conducted for this purpose, the thesis analyses which structural and semantic parameters of the selected actions were used or highlighted in which condition. The aim is to describe the most common strategies chosen by the participants in solving the task and their impact on comprehension. The thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the differences in information encoding in verbal versus non-verbal semiotic modes, and thus enrich the existing research on multimodality, and specifically multimodal research on Czech. Keywords: multimodality, iconicity, event structure, argument structure, intersubjectivity, communicative efficiency
Attributive and Predicative Functions of Czech Adjectives
Manukjanová, Hana ; Lehečková, Eva (advisor) ; Synková, Pavlína (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the distinction of attributive and predicative adjectives in contemporary Czech. Although this distinction is very important for defining adjectives as a word class in many languages, there was only little attention paid to it in Czech so far. This thesis is based on the work of František Čermák Lexikon a sémantika (2010). It is strongly inspired by english tradition of linguistics, which is also a reason, why he introduces a new term predicative adjectives in Czech. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part contains theoretical description of predicative and attributive function of adjectives. It is based on information contained in czech and foreign grammarbooks, handbooks or research papers. The goal is to summarize these separate information. The theoretical part deals with the basic characteristic of both types of adjectives, it focuses also on description of their semantics, word form and valency, which depends on it. This part contains definitions of some questionable points or inaccuracies of these descriptions too. The second part of this thesis is given to corpus research. The questionable points or inaccuracies of the descriptions defined in the first part of this thesis are examined on the material of Czech national corpus, concretely the corpus SYN2010....
International prefixoids with quantitatively-intensifying meaning in current Czech language
Podruhová, Eva ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
The words composed using quantitatively-intensifying prefixoids are appearing more and more often in current Czech vocabulary. The prefixoids have come into Czech language with foreign words whose parts they used to be. These language elements are mostly international, most of them come from Latin, Greek, French and more and more often from English. In our thesis, we analyze these components: super- (supra-), maxi-, extra-, ultra-, hyper-, mega- (megalo-) giga- (giganto-), makro-, monstr-, turbo-, top-, big-¸ mini-, mikroand nano-. The words composed of these prefixoids can be divided into two main groups: 1) the sphere of professional language, where they function as scientific terms, professional words or as slang words; 2) the large sphere of occasional words which are especially used in the journalistic style and in common communication (mostly in expressive contexts). Most of these components are polysemic in the current language. Namely we focus on the quantitatively-intesifying prefixoids which often compete with each other. We closely look at meanings like: "big, the biggest, oversized, extraordinary, significant"; "very, extra, extremely, rarely"; "little, the least, unnecessary" etc. All explanations are supplied with representative examples which cover the latest layer of Czech neologic lexicum...
Epistemologic limits of selected approaches to language
Beneš, Martin ; Macurová, Alena (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
The aim of this text is to comment and critically evaluate the epistemology of selected approaches to language: namely European structuralism (Saussure, Hjelmslev, Prague School), generative grammar, the linguistics of la parole and text linguistics and cognitive approaches to language. In particular, the aim is to comment epistemological limits of these approaches with regards to the two basic facts. Firstly, with regard to the fact that what these approaches define as their object field is in fact only a partial section of the whole subject field of linguistics (looked upon through the purposes of this work as a specifically structured communication model). Secondly, this text will investigate the relations between these approaches and an important claim of the philosopher of science T. S. Kuhn. Kuhn in his widely known book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions says: "There is, I think, no theory-independent way to reconstruct phrases like ‚really there'." (Kuhn, 1970, p. 206). That means whether claims based on epistemology of particular approaches describe objective reality or only give us a description of their own theoretical constructs.
Semantic analysis of selected Czech verbal prefixes
Lehoučková, Zuzana ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
Cognitive linguistics differs from other linguistic approaches in its assumption that linguistic relations and processes reflect conceptual relations and proceses. Cognitive linguists are interested especially in the conceptual background of language structure. This paper is an attempt to describe and explain semantic characteristics of Czech verbal prefixes (of prefix vy- in particular) taking cognitive principles into account, such as categorization, prototype, profiling, embodiment, construal, conceptual integration, metaphor. This approach should be able to identify previously unnoticed semantic relations and show diverse realizations of the prefix as extensions from a single core meaning. Langacker's cognitive grammar is used as the most importatnt theoretical basis.
Coreferential chains with non-specific and generic reference in Czech
Pergler, Jiří ; Lehečková, Eva (advisor) ; Zikánová, Šárka (referee)
The thesis dwells on the coreference relations in the text and their classification based on the reference types. In Chapter 2, I quote the main principles of the annotation of the textual coreference in the Prague Dependency Treebank, focusing especially on the division of the types of the coreferential relations, the type 0 and the type NR. In Chapter 3, I point out some problems connected with this division, which result particularly from the too broad definition of the type NR. In Chapters 4 and 5, I introduce some of the important literature in the field of reference and genericity. In Chapter 6, I propose my own typology of the referential relations which consists of four types based on the criterion of genericity (individual and generic reference) and the criterion of specificity (specific and non-specific reference). I also deal with the possibility of the referential expressions to participate in the coreferential relations and demonstrate that the proposed scheme is more suitable for the description of some complicated phenomena than the scheme employed in the Prague Dependency Treebank. In Chapter 7, I show how the proposed scheme can be used by the analysis of the coreferential relations in several texts.
Lexical-gustatory Synaesthesia in Native Speakers of Czech
Hupáková, Kateřina ; Chromý, Jan (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
This thesis presents the current knowledge about synesthesia as a specific mode of perception where a sensation (i.e. an inducer) induces another sensation which is not actually present (i.e. a concurrent). Special attention is paid to lexical-gustatory synaesthesia, a special type of synesthesia in which taste is the concurrent (word > taste). The empirical part of the thesis is devoted to practical research of lexical-gustatory synaesthesia among Czech native speakers. It describes the methodology of data collection including a questionnaire survey and the selection of respondents. The core and main benefit of the thesis lies in the detailed descriptions of four selected lexical-gustatory synaesthetes with whom we conducted a one-hour interview questioning the nature of their experiences. The information obtained from this research together with realted related the findings from the literature are summarized in the conclusion of this thesis.
Hunger and repletion in linguistic picture of the world in Czech
Boháčková, Linda ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
The paper deals with hunger and repletion in the linguistic picture of the world in Czech. It is based on the theses of Polish cognitive linguists, where the cultural context of the language is very important. Hunger and repletion in linguistic picture of the world are shown through the etymological connections, figurative meanings and phraseological expressions, which are associated with the semantical range given.
Semantic characteristics of verbs in written discourse of children of younger school age
Trojanová, Tereza ; Pacovská, Jasňa (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
The bachelor papers have a goal to examine the area of semantic characteristics of verbs that are used by younger school-age children in their written expressions. The individual written works of the children from the fifth class of elementary school are a base for the research. The quantitative methods of research are used due to the gaining of relevant facts for the analysis of the collected material. Any quantification of the cognitive development cannot be held as generally true. The bachelor papers enrol certain tendencies of the children's speech development, which can become an impulsion for further scientific research. An asset of the papers is also an appendix with the primary younger school-age children's texts. The bachelor papers are divided into a theoretical and an empiric part. The theoretical part describes the basic starting points of psycholinguistics and introduces different attitudes to the language acquisition by a child. Further, it contains a chapter characterizing a period of younger school age and chapters devoting the issue of verbs, their semantics and a classification in light of semantic features. The empiric part shows the work hypothesis, description of the research sample and the methodology of the research. The core of this part is a quantitative expression of a...

National Repository of Grey Literature : 100 records found   1 - 10nextend  jump to record:
Interested in being notified about new results for this query?
Subscribe to the RSS feed.