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Microarthropods and microbial participation in oak and beech litter decomposition
Farská, Jitka ; Jínová, Kristýna ; Jirout, Jiří ; Petrásek, Jiří ; Čápová, Lenka ; Rusek, Josef ; Krištůfek, Václav ; Elhottová, Dana ; Starý, Josef
The aim of our work was to describe the impact of a simulated vegetation zone shift to higher altitudes (i) on the quantity and quality of microarthropods and microbial communities, and (ii) on the decomposition rate of allochthonous leaf litter. In November 2002, 480 litterbags filled with oak or beech leaf litter were placed into spruce and beech forests (950 m a. s. l.) on Kleť Mt. (1083 m; Blanský les Protected Landscape Area, South Bohemia). Three different mesh sizes were used for certain soil biota exclusion: > 2 mm, 0.5 mm and 42 μm. Litterbags were sampled after 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of exposure in the field. Litter pH and moisture were determined in the laboratory immediately after retrieval. Soil microarthropods (Oribatida, Gamasida and Collembola) were extracted using Tullgren funnels. Soil bacteria and micromycetes were isolated using the dilution plate method and specific growth media.
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Vertical Collembola distribution in spruce and beech forest soils
Jínová, Kristýna
Vertical stratification of Collembola was investigated in beech and spruce forest soils on the Kleť Mountain (Blanský les Protected Landscape Area, South Bohemia, Czech Republic). The aim of the study was to describe the collembolan distribution among the horizons in the present beech and spruce forest soils and to find out which species were dominant in the individual soil layers. Ten soil samples (each of 10 cm.sup.2./sup., 15 cm deep) were collected in beech and spruce forest on the Kleť Mt. in December 2004. They were divided into 5 sub-samples: litter + 0-1 cm of soil; 1-2, 2-5, 5-10, and 10-15 cm and extracted separately in high-gradient Tullgren apparatus. In total, 40 species were found at both sites (31 in the beech and 28 in the spruce forest). The highest number of species was found in the upper layer (litter layer + 0-1 cm) of soil, 84 % of species in the beech forest and 64 % in the spruce forest.
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Long-term impact of forestry management on soil mesofauna (Oribatida, Collembola) biodiversity in spruce forests in the Šumava National Park
Farská, Jitka ; Jínová, Kristýna
The aim of our research is to compare Oribatid and Collembolan communities in climax spruce forest and spruce plantations. Soil samples were collected in five study sites in the Šumava National Park (5 in climax spruce forest and 5 in spruce plantation) and soil microarthropods were extracted. Oribatida and Collembola were determined to species level. Preliminary results show quantitative and qualitative changes in the community structure. Some euedaphic species do not occur in the samples from spruce plantations in comparison to the climax forests. Silvicultural practices are well known to affect microarthropod communities that are very sensitive to fluctuations in soil humidity and temperature.
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Atraktivita listového opadu pro půdní Collembola v experimentu v dekompozičních síťkách
Jínová, Kristýna ; Rusek, Josef
Collembola play an important role in the decomposition of dead organic matter and in soil microstructure formation. Some Collembola have highly specialised feeding habits. A litterbag experiment was established on the Kleť Mt. (Blanský Les Protected Landscape Area, Czech Republic). Litterbags (100 cm.sup.2./sup.) filled with beech and oak litter were exposed in beech and spruce forests in November 2002. Four forest/liter combinations were exposed - beech-beech, beech-oak, spruce-beech, spruce-oak. Soil samples (10x10x6 cm) for Collembola community structure analysis were taken from each locality. This contribution shows data from the first year of the three-year litterbag experiment. Thirty Collembola species, were established in soil samples from the beech forest, 53 % of them occurred in litterbags with beech litter and 57 % in litterbags with oak litter.
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Změny ve společenstvech půdní mikroflóry a mesofauny během rozkladu listového opadu ve dvou vegetačních zónách - litter bag experiment
Jirout, Jiří ; Petrásek, Jiří ; Čápová, Lenka ; Farská, Jitka ; Jínová, Kristýna ; Rusek, Josef ; Krištůfek, Václav ; Elhottová, Dana ; Starý, Josef ; Nováková, Alena
The hypothesis, whether autochthonous species of soil biota are able to decompose litter from lower vegetation zones in higher zones, was tested by field trial. Litterbags with litter of beech (.i.Fagus sylvatica./i. L.) and/or oak (.i.Quercus robur./i. L.) were exposed in beech and spruce forest on the mountain Kleť (Protected Landscape Area Blanský les). Litterbags layout simulated vegetation zones shift to the higher altitude induced by global warming. There were used litterbags with three different mesh size (42 µm, 0,5 mm, 2 mm) for exclusion of certain parts of edaphon. Several changes of soil bacteria and micromycetes, oribatid mites, springtails and gamasid mites were studied during two years of exposition. There were exposed 480 litterbags at the start of the experiment (November 2002). After 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 months of exposition parts of all litterbags were recovered. Immediately after the sampling litter pH(KCl), moisture and mass loss were measured.
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