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Optimization of cultivation of carotenogenic yeasts on mixed waste substrates
Holub, Jiří ; Mikulíková, Renata (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The master thesis addresses the issue of cultivation of selected strains of carotenogenic yeasts on waste materials of the food industry using a laboratory bioreactor. Carotenogenic yeasts are able to produce highly valuable metabolites during cultivation, which are located predominantly in the lipid part of the cells. Particularly, they are carotenoids, ergosterol, coenzyme Q and fatty acids. The thesis is divided into two main parts, the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part describes individual yeast strains, types of waste materials, produced metabolites and methods of their analysis. The experimental part deals with the processing of waste materials of the food industry, specifically animal fat, whey and spent coffee grounds into the form of substrates usable as nutrition sources for yeast cultivation. Furthermore, cultivations focused on the recovery of the monitored metabolites and their analysis by using HPLC/PDA and GC/FID assemblies were studied as well. The yeast strains Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (CCY 19-4-6), Rhodotorula kratochvilae (CCY 20-2-26), Rhodosporidium toruloides (CCY 062-002-001), Sporidiobolus pararoseus (CCY 19-9-6) a Cystofilobasidium macerans (CCY 10-1-2) were used in this work. As one of the best producing strains Sporidiobolus pararoseus (CCY 19-9-6) was found, which achieved very high productions of carotenoids, coenzyme Q and ergosterol.
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Remote control and visualization of bus-systems KNX and DALI for building management
Holub, Jiří ; Macháček, Jan (referee) ; Bátora, Branislav (advisor)
The thesis is focused on bus systems and their control by GUI. Basic energy management principles and the mostly known bus systems are analysed in the first – theoretical part of the paper. The theoretical part is then focused on software tool ETS 4, which is used for activation of system installation KNX. Software tool SmartServer, which is used for communication between bus system KNX and web interface, is described at the end of the first theoretical part. Two laboratory boards assembled of KNX and DALI parts were constructed in the second – practical part. Three laboratory tasks, which are prepared so they are related to theoretical description in previous part, were submitted in next step. Aim of the first task is to introduce basics of the board and PriOn interface. The second task is focused on DALI components and temperature control with PriOn regulating device. Creating of basic visualization and controlling of the board with SmartServer is described in the last task.
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High-specific speed hydraulic turbine
Holub, Jiří ; Haluza, Miloslav (referee) ; Rudolf, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to design a geometry of runner of high specific speed turbine which is supposed to provide the maximum flow rate of the turbine while achieving a relatively high hydraulic efficiency. New design is based on the analysis of the hydraulic characteristics of three previous design sof very hiát specific speed turbines. The actual hydraulic pdesign of the turbine runner is based on CFD computations. Special software tools like BladeGen and TurboGrid were used for petting up the geometry and mesh for the very first time at Kaplan Department of Fluid Engineering.
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Production of carotenoids grown on waste fat
Holub, Jiří ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Carotenoids are lipid-soluble pigments which are contained in plants and microorganisms. Carotenoids are known for their antioxidant effects. Lipids are predominantly non-polar substances, which are essential and present in all types of organisms. The research was made by theoretical and practical form. It was dealing with production of carotenoids pigments and different lipophilic substances by yeasts of Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodosporidium toruloides and Sporidiobolus metaroseus, cultivated in media containing waste fat or glycerol. Further, methods for obtaining lipid substances from microorganisms and with further analysis of samples by gas or liquid chromatography were optimized. The main task of the research was to find out which types of media and yeasts are the most suitable for production of lipid substances. For production of lipid substances in glycerol media, as the best producing strain Rhodosporidium toruloides was found, which simultaneously reported the highest concentrations of carotenoids on fatty and fatty hydrolyzed media.
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Superresulution of photography using deep neural network
Holub, Jiří ; Přinosil, Jiří (referee) ; Burget, Radim (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with image super-resolution with conservation of good quality. Firstly, there are described state of the art methods dealing with this problem, as well as principles of neural networks with focus on convolutional ones. Finally, there is described a few models of convolutional neural network for image super-resolution to double size, which have been trained, tested and compared on newly created database with pictures of people.
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Optimization of extraction of metabolites produced by selected strains of microalgae and carotenogenic yeast.
Obračaj, Jan ; Holub, Jiří (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the production of microbial biomass using selected strains of cyanobacteria and carotenogenic yeasts. Subsequent preparation of extracts and study of their stability under different temperature conditions with the addition of the antioxidant tocopherol. In the experiment, 2 series of extracts with hexane and ethanol were prepared. The theoretical part of the work describes the studied metabolites carotenoids, chlorophylls, ubiquinone, ergosterol and microbial lipids. Furthermore, the used strains of cyanobacteria and carotenogenic yeasts are described here. Finally, methods for extraction and analysis of metabolites are described. The experimental part describes the used cultivation techniques, preparation of microbial extracts and used analytical methods. The results part of the work then contains a summary of the results of long-term stability tests of extracts. The results of the work clearly confirm the temperature dependence of the stability of individual metabolites. This phenomenon was most evident in chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. Hexane appears to be the best solvent in terms of the stability of the substances used. The results of this work provide important information in terms of the economics of storage of these valuable substances usable in the food, pharmaceutical or feed industries.
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Application of chemical and physical stresses in the late phase of growth to selected strains of microorganisms
Langer, Marek ; Holub, Jiří (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
A wide spectrum of microorganisms is used in the biotechnological industry for production of meaningful metabolites; including carotenoids and chlorofyles with antioxidant effects, fatty acids, ubiquinone and ergosterol. Ways to increase yield of metabolites to maximum capacity are being researched to increase efficiency and economical sustainability in industry. One of the ways is the application of chemical stress factors on microorganisms as is described in this thesis. In the theoritical part certain microorganisms, their important intracellular metabolites and their metabolism are established. The last subchapter covers the usage of stress factors in industry. In the experimental part each microorganism was subjected to various concentrations of sodium chloride, cobalt(II) sulfate and iron(III) chloride. Significant increase of lipid production was registered after an application of sodium chloride on yeast strain Rhodosporium toruloides. An increase in production of torularhodin in Sporidiobolus pararoseus occured after application of iron salt. After an application of sodium chloride the growth of torularhodin in strains Cystofilobasidium macerans a Rhodosporidium toruloides was significant. Sodium chloride was also a suitable stress factor for lycopene formation in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The most meaningful stress factor of algae was cobalt(II) sulfate which increased metabolite production in Scenedesmus obliquus. Cyanobacteria Anabaena torulosa also attained a significant production in the presence of sodium chloride.
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Control of lighting with DALI protocol in the KNX bus system
Holub, Jiří ; Škoda, Jan (referee) ; Bátora, Branislav (advisor)
The thesis is focused on control of lighting with DALI protocol in the KNX bus system. There are briefly described different types of bus systems. The work partly describes the digital bus system DALI for lighting operating. It analyses the ETS3 software environments used for programming the KNX installations. Within the framework of the practical part, two laboratory panels equipped with ABB Company´s elements were created. For these panels, four laboratory manuals were drawn up. Each manual includes the task, the instructions, the brief description, the connection diagram and the procedure. The manuals describe single ABB's elements such as the KNX light module, the KNX roller blind module, the DALI light module and the usage of LCD controller priOn to operate all of the modules used in the tasks.
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USB thermometer
Holub, Jiří ; Kubánek, David (referee) ; Lattenberg, Ivo (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with a problem of electrical measurement of temperature. It describes a various types of temperature sensors and processing data obtained from these. It describes in short the USB interface and its parameters. It also contains a design of hardware and software solution of thermometer using temperature sensor SMT 160, managed by microcontroller ATmega16 and communicating with PC via USB interface. Designed thermometer also offers possibility to save measured data to built-in memory and later load them from there. Measured data will be also displayed on LCD. Last part of these thesis is design of application for PC, which will serve for displaying measured data and adjustment of thermometer.
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Protection setting concept for given MV substation
Váhala, Václav ; Holub, Jiří (referee) ; Topolánek, David (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the protection concept for medium voltage substation. The first theoretical part of thesis describes given medium voltage substation. Substation consists of two incoming feeders and six outgoing feeders. Due to the size of the substation was selected one outgoing feeder which is the subject of description and protection concept. Next part of the thesis is a description of the protective functions used to protect the elements in the selected feeder. This part contains a detailed description of the function and setting options for protection. The main part of the thesis describes calculation of specific protection functions and consequently with secondary testing of protective functions. Tests were performed on protective functions in the digital protections REF615 and REM620. The final part of the thesis deals with the evaluation of the secondary test results and verification saturation of the specified current transformers.
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