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Dynamic of evolution and hazardousness of lakes in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru)
Emmer, Adam ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee) ; Haeberli, Wilfried (referee)
Adam Emmer: Dynamic of evolution and hazardousness of lakes in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) Abstract: High mountain environment of the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) is undergoing prespicious (goe)environmantal changes such as glacier retreat and associated formation and evolution of lakes. Glacial lakes may represent a threat for the society in case of sudden release of (part of) retained water ("glacial lake outburst flood"; GLOF). Reliable identification of hazardous lakes is a key persumption of effective GLOF risk management. The fundamental part of this thesis lies in creation of new method for assessing susceptibility of lakes to outburst floods, reflecting regional specifics of these events in the study area (preconditions, causes and mechanisms) and unsuitability of existing approaches revealed in previous research. Newly created method take into account five scenarios of GLOFs, which are assessed separately, using the combination of decision trees allowing integration of qualitative and quantitative characteristics (an overall number of 17 characteristics of the dam, lake and lake surrounding enter the assessment procedure). Thus, identification of specific causes and mechanisms is enabled. The method was verified by assessing susceptibility of 20 lakes, of which 10 produced GLOFs in past (pre-flood...
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Vulnerability analysis of climate change impacts in the city of Prague
Lorencová, Eliška ; Emmer, Adam ; Geletič, Jan ; Vačkář, David
Climate change is one of the key challenges of the 21st century, both in terms of adaptation as well as mitigation. The aim of this research was, following the Adaptation Strategy of the City of Prague, to prepare the background analysis for the Adaptation Action Plan, focusing on vulnerability assessment. The vulnerability asssessment focused on the climate change impacts related to: (i) temperature extremes - heatwaves, (ii) insufficient rainwater retention and extreme rainfall. The approach included spatially-specific analysis using ArcGIS based on climatic, land use and socio-economic indicators for the current status and future RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. Regarding vulnerability to heatwaves, the most affected areas are located in the city center (Prague 2, Prague 3, Prague 6, Prague 7, Prague 1) and some peripheral areas with industrial buildings (e.g. Libeň or Štěrboholy). Vulnerability to extreme precipitation and insufficient rainwater retention was highest particularly at the confluence of the Vltava and Berounka (Velká Chuchle, Prague 16, Zbraslav and Lipence).
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Vulnerability analysis of climate change impacts in the city of Prague
Lorencová, Eliška ; Emmer, Adam ; Geletič, Jan ; Bašta, Petr ; Vačkář, David
Climate change is one of the key challenges of the 21st century, both in terms of adaptation as well as mitigation. The aim of this research was, following the Adaptation Strategy of the City of Prague, to prepare the background analysis for the Adaptation Action Plan, focusing on vulnerability assessment. The vulnerability asssessment focused on the climate change impacts related to: (i) temperature extremes - heatwaves, (ii) insufficient rainwater retention and extreme rainfall. The approach included spatially-specific analysis using ArcGIS based on climatic, land use and socio-economic indicators for the current status and future RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. Regarding vulnerability to heatwaves, the most affected areas are located in the city center (Prague 2, Prague 3, Prague 6, Prague 7, Prague 1) and some peripheral areas with industrial buildings (e.g. Libeň or Štěrboholy). Vulnerability to extreme precipitation and insufficient rainwater retention was highest particularly at the confluence of the Vltava and Berounka (Velká Chuchle, Prague 16, Zbraslav and Lipence).
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Dynamic of evolution and hazardousness of lakes in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru)
Emmer, Adam ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee) ; Haeberli, Wilfried (referee)
Adam Emmer: Dynamic of evolution and hazardousness of lakes in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) Abstract: High mountain environment of the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) is undergoing prespicious (goe)environmantal changes such as glacier retreat and associated formation and evolution of lakes. Glacial lakes may represent a threat for the society in case of sudden release of (part of) retained water ("glacial lake outburst flood"; GLOF). Reliable identification of hazardous lakes is a key persumption of effective GLOF risk management. The fundamental part of this thesis lies in creation of new method for assessing susceptibility of lakes to outburst floods, reflecting regional specifics of these events in the study area (preconditions, causes and mechanisms) and unsuitability of existing approaches revealed in previous research. Newly created method take into account five scenarios of GLOFs, which are assessed separately, using the combination of decision trees allowing integration of qualitative and quantitative characteristics (an overall number of 17 characteristics of the dam, lake and lake surrounding enter the assessment procedure). Thus, identification of specific causes and mechanisms is enabled. The method was verified by assessing susceptibility of 20 lakes, of which 10 produced GLOFs in past (pre-flood...
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The analysis of supraglacial lakes: case study from Cordillera Blanca, Peru
Baťka, Jan ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Emmer, Adam (referee)
The analysis of supraglacial lakes: case study from the Cordillera Blanca, Peru ABSTRACT: Supraglacial lakes play an important role in the processes of glacier ablation. Through their expansion, a proglacial lake that usually poses significant threat to downvalley located areas can form. Such formation of proglacial lakes also took place and was well described in the Peruvian Cordillera Blanca (e.g. Laguna 513). However, there are only few studies relating to supraglacial lakes of this range. First in this thesis, based on the research of the scientific literature, the factors influencing supraglacial lakes' development and some of the limnological characteristics are listed in detail. Second, recent evolution (2003-2014) of supraglacial lakes of the Cordillera Blanca is analysed on the sample of 13 glaciers. The results show that the development of supraglacial lakes is influenced by their frequent destructions (because of outbursts and/or rapid accumulation of debris in the basin). In addition, the expansion of the extent of supraglacial lakes on a glacier tongue is strongly controlled by surface gradient. Keywords: glaciers, supraglacial lakes, Cordillera Blanca, Peru
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The Glacial Retreat in the Cordillera Blanca since the Littel Ice Age
Dobíhal, Michal ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Emmer, Adam (referee)
Michal Dobíhal Studijní program: Geografie Studijní obor: Fyzická geografie a geoinformatika Bakalářská práce Vedoucí práce, školitel: Doc. RNDr. Vít Vilímek, CSc. The glacial retreat in the Cordillera Blanca since the Little Ice Age ABSTRACT: The term Little Ice Age refers to a cooling period of time, as a result of this cooling mountain glaciers experienced significant advance in many parts of the world. Conventionally, the period between the 16th century and the middle of the 19th century is stated for the Little Ice Age, but its course and time placement differs in individual world regions. Based on research of scientific literature, this thesis aims at describing correct time placement of the Little Ice Age in the southamerican mountain range Cordillera Blanca and the expanse of the glacier retreat since its maximum till the present. Methods of lichenometry used for dating "Little Ice Age" moraines are mentioned as well. In the analytical part, the area of the glaciation of selected glaciers from the Little Ice Age maximum and from the present is compared using polygon measurement and satellite images. The extrapolation of this method is subsequently made on other selected glaciers, whose moraines have not been dated yet. Keywords: Cordillera Blanca, Little Ice Age, glacial retreat, moraine, lichenometry
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Potential hazardousness of selected moraine-dammed lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru
Emmer, Adam ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Klimeš, Jan (referee)
Adam Emmer: Potential hazardousness of selected moraine-dammed lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru ABSTRACT: This work is devided into the two parts. Firs part reviews contemporary methods of assessment of potential hazardousness for moraine-dammed lakes (eight qualitative methods and three quantitative methods). Second part has two main aims: 1) Assessment of potential hazardousness of seven selected moraine-dammed lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, and 2) Analysis of suitability of these methods for use in this region. Required input data for potential hazardousness assessment were gained from analysis of remotely sensed photographs, research papers of INRENA/ANA institute (Huaráz), and from fieldwork realized in 2012. Ten methods of potential hazardousness assessment were applied on seven studied moraine-dammed lakes. There are no significant differences in results obtained in each method. These results showed, that potentially most hazardous lake is that of Arhueycocha, followed by Palcacocha. On the other hand potentially less hazardous lake is that of Rajucolta. Based on analysis of regional specific of causes and mechanisms of glacial lake outburst floods from moraine-dammed lakes in Cordillera Blanca, five groups of characteristics which reflect these regional specifics were merged: A) possibility of...
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The analysis of moraine-dammed lake destructions
Emmer, Adam ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Klimeš, Jan (referee)
Analysis of moraine-dammed lake destructions ABSTRACT: Floods from moraine-dammed lakes represent significant threat for inhabitants of high-mountain areas all over the world. There are eight main causes of lake destructions and about twenty consequent failure mechanisms. Based on research of scientific literature, this thesis aims at creating an analysis of the above mentioned causes. Contemporary methods of potentionally dangerous lakes recognizing, approaches to hazard assessment and flash flood prevention and mitigation meassures are mentioned as well. In the analytical part, differences / similarities of the particular causes are studied as well as the chronological aspect of these events in the Northamerican Cordillera, Central Asia and Cordillera Blanca. Keywords: moraine-dammed lakes; GLOF; high mountain areas
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Sharing of Czech Experience: Piloting SEEA-EEA in the Kyrgyz Republic
Vačkář, David ; Harmáčková, Veronika Zuzana ; Sylla, Marta ; Grammatikopoulou, Ioanna ; Whitham, Charlote ; Emmer, Adam ; Pártl, Adam
The report summarises the activities conducted within the project “Sharing of Czech Experience: Piloting SEEA-EEA in the Kyrgyz Republic”. The project was led by the Department of Human Dimensions of Global Change, Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, with support from the Czech-UNDP Trust Fund (CTF). This 6-month project worked closely with several key stakeholders in the Kyrgyz Republic including primarily: The National Statistical Committee (NSC), The State Agency for Environment Protection and Forestry (SAEPF) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The aims of the project were to build capacity for experimental ecosystem accounting (SEEA EEA) in the form of three stakeholder consultation workshops and continuous project collaboration with Kyrgyz partners and experts, mapping and mobilizing available data sources for SEEA EEA, and compiling pilot experimental ecosystem accounts for the Kyzyl Unkur leshoz in collaboration with project partners in the Kyrgyz Republic.
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Methodology of preparation of climate change adaptation strategy on city level
Pondělíček, M. ; Emmer, Adam ; Šilhánková, V. ; Končinská, A. ; Kadochová, Š. ; Lupač, M. ; Struha, P. ; Šafařík, M.
Metodika tvorby adaptační strategie sídel na změnu klimatu je určena především menším, středním i větším městům (případně větším obcím a městysům) v České republice. Tato metodika vznikla na základě znalosti podmínek v České republice, geografických podmínek ČR, na základě znalosti a sběru dat ve třech pilotních lokalitách, a to v Dobrušce, Žďáru nad Sázavou a v Hradci Králové a také na základě spolupráce s veřejností, a to nejen uvnitř projektu Adaptace sídel na změnu klimatu, kde metodika vznikala, ale i mimo tento projekt. Metodika by měla umožnit sestavit základní strategii pro přizpůsobení se dopadům změny klimatu srovnatelnou s podobnými materiály vznikajícími v zahraničí. Jednotlivé kroky zohledňují jak objektivní hodnocení a fyzickogeografické podmínky, tak i stav města a jeho okolí a umožňují vstup lidem – tedy osobám veřejně činným.
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