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A cemetery of the Lusatian Urnfield culture at Jičín, Eastern Bohemia
Novotná, Lucie ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Juchelka, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis is dedicated to the settlement of the Jičín region in Eastern Bohemia in the Final Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. The first part contains the processing of the cemetery of Silesian and Platěnice cultures in the area of the hospital in Jičín which was partly excavated in 2019-2020. The second part of this work maps the findings of the Silesian and Platěnice cultures of the Lusatian Urnfields cultures in the Jičín region. Key words Eastern Bohemia, Jičín, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Lusatian Urnfields, Silesian culture, Platěnice culture, cemetery
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Development of Physiotherapy Students' Attitude towards Back Pain
Bláhová, Zuzana ; Kavka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Obešlo, Marek (referee)
Background: There is evidence that the beliefs and attitudes of physiotherapists are associated with their choice of patient management. The fundamentals of these beliefs are thought to have been realized during their university studies. Until now, however, no official study has researched how university education influences the beliefs of physiotherapists and how this is associated with their development in the Czech Republic Objectives: To describe the development of the physiotherapy students' beliefs and attitudes towards low back pain and their understanding of pain knowledge in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, to investigate whether or not there is any correlation between these topics. Participants: First-year physiotherapy students, Third-year physiotherapy students, Fifth (the second magister year) year physiotherapy students, and non-healthcare students within the age range of 22 to 26 (control group) Methods: 1) completion of translated and cross-cultural adapted The Back-Pain Attitudes Questionnaire (Back-PAQ), 2) completion of translated and cross-cultural adapted The Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) Results: 251 respondents were included. The mean Back-PAQ score was within the controlled group 107 (SD 8.47) and there was a significant decrease in score in the fifth- year...
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Regulace biosyntézy vysoce nenasycených mastných kyselin (LC-PUFA) u ryb
BLÁHOVÁ, Zuzana
The aim of the thesis was to explore the biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) with special focus on its role in adaptation to new environmental conditions in fish. The impact of impaired LC-PUFA pathway on reproduction of zebrafish (Danio rerio) was studied by the modern reverse genetic approach CRISPR/Cas9. Throughout the Earth´s history, the living organisms evolved to its current form in response to natural climate change, a slow natural phenomenon that has lasted for thousands or millions of years. However, in recent less than 100 years, anthropogenic factors induced a rapid process of global warming. Nutritional quality, when defined as the value of the product for the consumer´s physical health, growth, development and reproduction, is at a risk. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) biomolecules are essential dietary components for virtually all animals and humans. However, LC-PUFAs provisioning by changing ecosystems is predicted to decline significantly. Animals and human are usually able to produce LC-PUFAs endogenously from shorter and less unsaturated C18 fatty acid precursors obtained from the diet. However, the yield of LC-PUFA biomolecules biosynthesized is too low to meet physiological needs. Rather, LC-PUFA biosynthesis is considered to play a role as a compensational apparatus to maintain homeostasis under fluctuating environmental conditions. The first and rate-limiting step in LC-PUFA biosynthesis is catalysed by FADS2 enzyme. It has been demonstrated that fads2 was the key metabolic gene important for overcoming the nutritional constraints associated with colonisations of nutritionally pure water environments after glacial retreat. In human population, fads2 showed strong signatures of selection as well as confirmed in Greenland Eskimos colonising polar regions. Chapter 2 of the thesis summarized the current knowledge and assessed fatty acid desaturase (FADS2) structure-function properties in fish in the context of environmental adaptations and as a target for genetic engineering. The work highlighted the FADS2 potential to play roles fundamental to adaptation to novel environmental conditions and reviewed investigations to elucidate the evolutionary history of fish FADS2, explaining the remarkable plasticity of this enzyme in fish, depicted the importance of FADS2 in the context of dwindling LC-PUFAs supply and mentioned a few remedies in the form of genetic engineering to improve endogenous LC-PUFA biosynthesis. FADS2 was presented as a fascinating enzyme with far-reaching implications for environmental sustainability and playing roles in adaptations to novel environments. Previous research has provided substantial evidence of significant effects of dietarily obtained LC-PUFA levels and ?3: ?6 LC-PUFA balance on broodstock reproduction success (Sarih et al., 2020). However, the information on the impact of ablation of LC-PUFAs of endogenous origin was missing in fish and other anamniotic vertebrates as well. That fact prompted us to fill this gap of knowledge. Chapter 3 of this thesis investigated a direct functional link between fads2 gene and reproduction success in zebrafish (Danio rerio) by reverse genetic approach. We have investigated the functional link between FADS2 and reproduction success of zebrafish females by observing the direct impact of partial fads2 gene knock out on their egg batches fatty acyl methyl ester (FAMEs) profile. We observed the presence of an alternative ?8 desaturation pathway (elongation ? ?8 desaturation ? ?5 desaturation) besides the classical ?6 pathway (?6 desaturation ? elongation? ?5 desaturation) in zebrafish in vivo, which we explain as an active regulation of LC-PUFA biosynthesis under the depletion of functional fads2 gene alleles following the CRISPR/Cas9 genome targeting. We suggest that zebrafish bifunctional ?6/ ?5 desaturase is, in fact, the trifunctional ?8/?6/?5 desaturase.
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Recently excavated burial grounds of the Únětice culture near Kolín (Central Bohemia)
Král, Vlastimil ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Limburský, Petr (referee)
Theses is focused on analysis of early bronze age burial sites excavated during the rescue excavation caused by highway construction around the town of Kolín. Two burial sites in a range of 70 and 13 burials were examined. Information from both of these burial sites were analyzed on the basis of fieldwork research from years 2008-2009. The larger burial site was ascribed to late Únětice Culture by material finds, the smaller burial site was recognized as early Únětice Culture. Burial rite had a same standard characteristic as in other Únětice regions. Local differences in burial rite dwelled in a specific finds, which are not common in an eastern part of Middle Bohemia (amber, animal blade bone). Secondary burial disturbances was traced in all kind of burials of men, women and children. The reason why was secondary burial disturbance not connected to only one group of burials, but to all of them is not clear. Types of ceramic shapes support connection with Moravian region. Thanks to new knowledge about Únětice culture in the eastern part of Middle Bohemia, we can observe, that settlement concentration was in late Únětice culture same as in other Únětice regions. Key words: early bronze age, Únětice Culture, burial sites, burial rite, Kolín region, burial disturbance
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Brandýs nad Labem-Vrábí (central Bohemia), a late Hallstatt - early La Tene settlement
Mikešová, Veronika ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Dreslerová, Dagmar (referee)
My bachelor work is concerned with the archeological finds processing from Late Hallstatt to Early La Tne age. The finds have been discovered during rescue archeological research in poly- cultural residential area in Vrábí- Brandýs nad Labem. The aim of my work is to make systematical and synoptic processing of archeological materials, subsequently explicate the finds and place the residential area in the context of time and place. The emphasis is placed to utilize the findigs with maximum efficiency and to make it possible to compare archeological data from other localities.
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Evidences of social and thought structures in the South Bohemian middle bronze age
Tisucká, Marika ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Chvojka, Ondřej (referee)
Cílem diplomové práce bylo přispět k problematice střední doby bronzové v jižních Čechách. Za tímto účelem jsem shromáždila dostupný nálezový fond, který jsem jednotným způsobem zpracovala, zdokumentovala a analyzovala. Ze sledovaného nálezového fondu jsem vyčlenila kategorii nálezů z mohyl a z depotů. U nálezů z mohyl jsem se pokusila rekonstruovat nálezové celky. Podařilo se mi rekonstruovat 149 nálezových celků z mohyl. Tyto celky z mohyl a depoty jsem dále analyzovala. Soustředila jsem se především na typologicko-chronologickou analýzu bronzové industrie, artefaktů ze zlata a jantaru a analýzu skladby jednotlivých celků. Provedené rozbory byly východiskem k datování celků a k rozpracování chronologických horizontů, které jsem mapově zpracovala.
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Settlement Finds of the Middle to Late Bronze Age Tranzition in the Region of Kroměříž, Moravia
Mihal, Jiří ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Popelka, Miroslav (referee)
Kultura lužických popelnicových polí na střední Moravě je poměrně dost známá. Období, které tomuto dlouhému úseku předcházelo, není však zcela jasné, přestože od prvních systematických výzkumů uplynulo už víc než půl století. Tzv. keramika s vypnulinami je typická zejména pro vrstvu B a C na Hradisku u Kroměříže. Tématem této práce je rozbor 12 sídlištních lokalit, z nichž devět odpovídá této skupině nálezů. K nim jsou připojeny ještě další tři, jež patří do průběhu střední doby bronzové a kulturně souvisí s tímto vývojem. První nálezy pro tuto práci jsem získal v 70.-90. letech 20 st. a začátkem 21 st., k tomu jsem vypracoval u polykulturních lokalit většího rozsahu Třebětice "Brodička" a "Padělky" (2002) a Zahnašovice "Loučky" (2004) jednoduché postupy, jež odpovídají nedestruktivním metodám systematických povrchových sběrů. Materiál tak můžeme porovnat nejen mezi jednotlivými sídlišti, ale i v rámci jednoho sídliště. Dokumentační, konzervační, kresličské práce jsem prováděl v průběhu studia. Určování nálezů jsem prováděl samostatně podle dostupné literatury, ve sporných případech jsem se obracel na odborníky např. na A.Štrofa. Veškeré tyto práce jsem dělal za podpory Ústavu pro pravěk a ranou dobu dějinnou na FF UK Praha a prof. Dr. Miroslava Buchvaldka. Po vyhodnocení budou nálezy uloženy do sbírek...
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The Late Bronze Age in the region of Písek, Southern Bohemia
Pokorná, Kamila ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Smejtek, Lubor (referee)
The thesis presents the results of evaluation of archaeological finds from the two settlements in Písek (site "nemocnice") and Topělec. Both settlements are dated to the Late Bronze Age. With respect to the fact that only Late Bronze Age sites of smaller extent have been evaluated and published in South Bohemia so far, the studied settlements offer a more complex view on the composition of ceramic finds in this period and region. Both sites provide ceramic finds analogous to those from Central and Wes Bohemia, however, they do not differ significantly from other South Bohemian sites.
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Moon-shaped idols of the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age in Bohemia and their position in the European context
Mazač, Zdeněk ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Slabina, Miloslav (referee)
Moon-shaped idols constitute very specific and variable category of ceramic, in rare cases also of stone artefacts. Beginning of their occurrence and spreading in the middle Europe can be associated with the Middle-Danube and North-Alpine Urnfield culture. Their development consequentially continues in the Early Iron Age when they spread outside central European region down to the north east of Spain and the north of Italy. The current total number of findings is higher than estimate from 2004, which was approximately 2000 pieces. The main objective of the thesis lay in overall processing of results of the research up to now concerning the given issue. At the same time there was an attempt made about critical assessment of the artefact features and the excavation environment with regard to the potential function of the Moon-shaped idols. The excavation environment of these products is quite variable. As a rule they appear in settlements as secondary refuse, but also in the situations, which can be considered as demonstration of cult behaviour. In northeast France and south Germany, parts of Moon- shaped idols are to be found also in context of the final Bronze Age. From there the custom is spread in a modified form to the east. Such equipped graves can be noticed in the burial sites of Bylany and...
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The Middle Bronze Age Tumulus Culture in North-Western Bohemie
Franková, Daniela ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Chvojka, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of the thesis The Middle Bronze Age tumulus culture in north-western Bohemia is to contribute to a deeper understanding of the Middle Bronze Age, and generally to expand our knowledge about this field of prehistoric history of north-western region. The work is divided into three main parts. The first one deals with the analysis of settlement of the tumulus culture in Dobroměřice. The analysis focuses mainly on the findings of the various movable objects, pursuant to which the settlement is situated chronologically. Second, we focused attention on the Middle Bronze Age tombs. He created a list of 51 currently known tomb files. By far the largest space was devoted to typological-chronological analysis of the find of the Fund, both in bronze and ceramic artefacts and the findings of other materials. Based on this analysis has succeeded individual graves units classified chronologically. The theme of the final chapter is the evaluation of sites by the accumulation of all known sites of the Middle Bronze Age in the study area. With made-geographical analysis of settlement can be considered on an overall The Middle Bronze settlement in the region.
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