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Analysis of chromosomal aberrations in sperm by fluorescence in situ hybridization
Bendová, Petra ; Diblík, Jan (advisor) ; Novotná, Drahuše (referee)
The presented bachelor work is focused on the determination of frequency chromosomally abnormal sperm in the semen of healthy men (donors) with normal karyotype (46, XY). The important process, which plays an irreplaceable role in the development of numerical aberrations of chromosomes or structural abnormalities in the segregation of the gametes, is meiosis. Therefore, I devote much attention on meiosis in the theoretical part. The theoretical part is focused on the process of pre mature sperm (spermatogenesis), and the consequences of fertilize the oocyte by aneuploid sperm. In my work I present an overview of numerical abnormalities in autosomes and gonosomes and their frequency and distribution of gametes in healthy men. I also focused on the distribution and a brief description of structural aberrations affecting chromosomes and not least I paid attention on method of multicolor interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, which in combination with sperm chromatin dekondenzation become irreplaceable and valuable research tool for rapid analysis of chromosomal abnormalities in large sperm samples. The experimental part of bachelor work deals with monitoring the frequency of selected numerical abnormalities in sperm samples of five donors aged 23 to 30 years with the use of I-FISH (fluorescence in situ...
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Study of new iron chelators for the prevention of oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury
Bendová, Petra ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kvasničková, Eva (referee)
Results of many studies demonstrate a significant role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of many illnesses including cardiovascular diseases. Free cellular iron plays significant role in development of oxidative cell damage; it catalyzes formation of hydroxyl radicals. Hydroxyl radicals belong among the most reactive and toxic forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hence, iron chelators can be used as preventive agents against the development of oxidative damage of tissues. This study deals with confirmation of ability of the iron chelator salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (SIH) to prevent this damage and with the study of properties of new aroylhydrazone chelators derived from SIH. Protective effects against a model oxidative stress and own toxicities of individual agents were evaluated in vitro using rat cardiomyoblast cell line H9c2, the viability of cells was determined by neutral red uptake assay. A 24-hour incubation of H9c2 cells with 200 µM tert-buthyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) evoked dramatic changes of cellular morphology and was followed by cell death. Co- incubation with all chelators dose-dependently reduced or abolished cell damage. The replacement of salicyl aldehyde in SIH with a methyl ketone led to an amplification of protective properties of this ligand, this chelator is...
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Study of new iron chelators for the prevention of oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury
Bendová, Petra ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kvasničková, Eva (referee)
Results of many studies demonstrate a significant role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of many illnesses including cardiovascular diseases. Free cellular iron plays significant role in development of oxidative cell damage; it catalyzes formation of hydroxyl radicals. Hydroxyl radicals belong among the most reactive and toxic forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hence, iron chelators can be used as preventive agents against the development of oxidative damage of tissues. This study deals with confirmation of ability of the iron chelator salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (SIH) to prevent this damage and with the study of properties of new aroylhydrazone chelators derived from SIH. Protective effects against a model oxidative stress and own toxicities of individual agents were evaluated in vitro using rat cardiomyoblast cell line H9c2, the viability of cells was determined by neutral red uptake assay. A 24-hour incubation of H9c2 cells with 200 µM tert-buthyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) evoked dramatic changes of cellular morphology and was followed by cell death. Co- incubation with all chelators dose-dependently reduced or abolished cell damage. The replacement of salicyl aldehyde in SIH with a methyl ketone led to an amplification of protective properties of this ligand, this chelator is...
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Alternative and augmentative communication at children with cerebral palsy
Bendová, Petra
Magdalény Rettigové 4, 116 39 Praha 1 tel.: +420 221 900 111 www.pedf.cuni.cz IČ 00216208 DIČ CZ00216208 Dle čl. 4 Opatření rektora č. 6/2010 o Zpřístupnění elektronické databáze závěrečných prací http://www.cuni.cz/UK-3470.html a čl. 1 Opatření děkana 17/2010 se z časového hlediska závěrečné práce dělí do tří skupin: a. "nové práce", tj. práce odevzdávané k obhajobě počínaje 29. 9. 2010, b. "starší práce", tj. práce odevzdané k obhajobě od 1. 1. 2006 do 28. 9. 2010, c. "práce před rokem 2006", tj. práce odevzdané k obhajobě před 1. 1. 2006. V tomto případě jde o "starší práci" odevzdanou k obhajobě od 1. 1. 2006 do 28. 9. 2010. Omlouváme se, ale dokument není k dispozici.
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Cestou necestou po mapách a moderních navigačních technologiích (výukový materiál pro výuku zeměpisu na 2. stupni základní školy)
BENDOVÁ, Petra
The diploma thesis deals with teaching mapping skills and geographical fieldwork using maps and modern navigation technologies on the 2nd grade of the primary school. The main goal of the thesis is to make learning activities and worksheets for teaching Geography in the 6th grade. The theoretical part deals with setting the topic into the Framework Educational Programme for Primary Education and teaching of mapping skills and geographical fieldwork on the 2nd grade of the primary school. The practical part includes evaluation of textbooks of Geography with authorising clause of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports valid in 2019. Finally, the practical part offers learning activities dealing with teaching mapping skills and geographical fieldwork.
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Determination of methylation in the promotor regions of genes, that control metabolism of 5-FU
Bendová, Petra ; Vodička, Pavel (advisor) ; Václavíková, Radka (referee)
Several malignant diseases, such as colorectal, pancreatic, breast or ovarial cancers, are primarily treated with cytostatics 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). 5-FU undergoes biotransformation in human body and arising metabolites induce the damage and subsequent apoptosis in the target cells. The main aim of this diploma Thesis was the determination of methylation in promoter regions of 14 candidate genes participating on 5-FU biotransformation: TK1, PPAT, RRM1, RRM2, UCK2, UCK1, UMPS, TYMP, UPP1, UPP 2 SLC29A1, UPB1, DPYS and DPYD. We hypothesize that the methylation in promoter regions regulates mRNA transcription of the above candidate genes. We have conducted appropriate analyses in 128 colorectal cancer patients, for whom both tumor and nonmalignant adjacent tissues were available. Sample processing and analysis involved DNA isolation, bisulfite conversion of unmethylated cytosines to corresponding uracils, methylation-specific analysis of melting curves with high resolution for theproper methylation analysis and gel electrophoresis to separate PCR products. For the majority of the studied genes (TK1, PPAT, RRM1, RRM2, UCK2, UCK1, UMPS, TYMP, UPP1, SLC29A1 and DPYD) we did not detect any aberrant methylation in promoter regions. In genes DPYS, UPB1 and UPP2 we recorded various degree of promoter...
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Frescoes of Siard Nosecký in Sepekov
Bendová, Petra ; Oulíková, Petra (advisor) ; Pučalík, Marek (referee)
This Bachelor thesis Frescoes of Siard Nosecký in Sepekov deals with the painter František Siard Nosecký (1693-1753) and his high baroque work for Premonstratensian order. Nosecký came from artistic circles. His father, Václav Jindřich Nosecký (1661-1732), was a significant painter as well. In the opening chapters there are introduced the life and work of the painter and afterwards the history of the place of pilgrimage in Sepekov. The thesis is primarily focused on frescoes in Pilgrimage Panna Marie Church in Sepekov, which were created in 30th of 18th century. Vaulted paintings with Marian theme correspond with iconography of Premonstratensian order, yet there are some other untypical motifs to find, which were used during painting of his work of art. The Bachelor thesis is concluded by comparison of frescoes in Pilgrimage Panna Marie Church in Sepekov and frescoes with Marian cycles in Křtiny and Doksany.
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